Tracking medicine prices in the supply chain: Who benefits from the free market in India?

Economic and Political Weekly

Volumn 48, Issue 52, 2013, Pages 104-112

  Kotwani, Anita ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DELHI   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84881311529     PISSN: 00129976     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Babar, Z U D, M I M Ibrahim, H Singh, N I Bukahri and A Creese (2007): "Evaluating Drug Prices, Availability, Affordability, and Price Components: Implications for Access to Drugs in Malaysia", PLoS Medicine, 4: 466-75.
2. Cameron, A, M Ewen, M Aurtin and D Abegunde (2011): The World Medicines Situation 2011: Medicines Prices, Availability and Affordability (Geneva: World Health Organisation), WHO/EMP/MIE/2011.2.1.
3. Cameron, A, M Ewen, D Ross-Degnan, D Ball and R Laing (2009): "Medicine Prices, Availability, and Affordability in 36 Developing and Middle- Income Countries: A Secondary Analysis", Lancet, 373:240-9.
4. Creese, A, A Kotwani, J Kutzin and A Pillay (2004): "Evaluating Pharmaceuticals for Health Policy in Low and Middle Income Country Settings" in N Freemantle and S Hill (ed.), Evaluating Pharmaceuticals for Health Policy and Reimbursement (Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, BMJ Books and WHO), pp 227-43.
5. Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertiliers, Government of India, http://pharmaceuticals.gov.in/, accessed 4 October 2012.
6. Draft National Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy (NPPP 2011), available at http://pharmaceuticals.gov.in/mshT2810/FTY2.pdf, accessed on 4 October 2012.
7. Drugs (Prices Control) Order, 1995, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Government of India, 1995, available at http://nppaindia.nic.in/drug-price95/txt1.html, accessed 4 September 2012.
8. Essential Medicine List, Government of NCT, Delhi (2007), available at http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/4d1cb680406954a6b455bc34262e20fd/ Druglist.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&lmod=529576760, accessed on 13 December 2012.
9. Kamat, V, R and M Nichter (1998): "Pharmacies, Self- Medication and Pharmaceutical Marketing in Bombay, India", Social Science and Medicine, 47: 779-94.
10. Kotwani, A, M Ewen, D Dey et al (2007): "Medicine Prices and Availability at Six Sites in India: Using the WHO-HAI Methodology", Indian Journal of Medical Research, 125: 645-54.
11. Kotwani, A, and L Levison (2007): "Price Components and Access to Medicines in Delhi, India", (Project Report), available at: http://www.healthpolicy.cn/rdfx/jbywzd/gjjy2/yd/yjwx/201002/ P020100227572262042149.pdf
12. Kotwani, A, N Gurbani, S Sharma and R Chaudhury (2009a): "Insights for Policymakers from a Medicine Price Survey in Rajasthan", Indian Journal of Medical Research, 129: 451-54.
13. Kotwani, A (2009b): "Availability, Price, and Affordability of Asthma Medicines in Five Indian States", International Journal of Tuber culosis & Lung Diseases, 13:574-79.
14. Kotwani, A (2012a): "Psychiatric Medicines in India: Why Public Healthcare Facilities and a Thriving Generics Industry Cannot Assure Access and Affordability", International Psychiatry, 9: 34-36.
15. Kotwani, A, C Wattal, S Katewa, P C Joshi and Holloway K (2012b): "Irrational Use of Antibiotics and Role of Pharmacists: An Insight from a Qualitative Study in New Delhi, India", Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Therapeutics, 37: 308-12.
16. Levison, L and R Laing (2003): "The Hidden Cost of Essential Medicines", Essential Drug Monitor, 33: 20-21.
17. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2011): "National List of Essential Medicine of India", Government of India, New Delhi, available at http://pharmaceuticals.gov.in/NLEM.pdf, accessed on 4 September 2012.
18. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Government of India, http://pharmaceuticals.gov.in/, accessed on 4 October 2012.
19. Russo, G and B McPake (2010): "Medicine Prices in Urban Mozambique: A Public Health and Economic Study of Pharmaceutical Markets and Price Determinants in Low-Income Settings", Health Policy and Planning, 25: 70-84.
20. Selvaraj, Sakthivel and Anup K Karan (2009): "Deepening Health Insecurity in India: Evidence from National Sample Surveys since 1980s", Economic & Political Weekly, 44 (40): 55-60.
21. Selvaraj, Sakthivel, Habib Hasan, Maulik Chokshi, Amit Sengupta, Amitava Guha, Mira Shiva, S Srinivasan, Anant Phadke, K M Gopalkumar, M R Santhosh, Leena Manghaney and Kajal Bhardwaj (2012): "Pharmaceutical Pricing Policy: A critique", Economic & Political Weekly, 47(4): 20-23.
22. Selvaraj Sakthivel, Habib Hasan Farooqui (2012): "Draft Drug Price Policy 2011: Legitimising Unaffordable Medicine Prices?", Economic & Political Weekly, Vol XLVIII, No 6, 13-17.
23. Singal, G, A Nanda and A Kotwani (2011): "A Comparative Evaluation of Price and Quality of some Branded versus Branded-generic Medicines of the Same Manufacturer in India", Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 43: 131-36.
24. Singhal, Girdhari, Anita Kotwani and Arun Nanda (2011): "Jan Aushadhi Stores in India and Quality of Medicines Therein", International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3: 204-07.
25. World Health Organisation (2004): "Equitable Access to Essential Medicines: A Frame Work for Collective Action" (Geneva: World Health Organisation), March.
26. World Health Organisation and Health Action International (2006): "Price, Availability, and Affordability: An International Comparison of Chronic Disease Medicines", available at http://mednet3.who.int/medprices, accessed on 4 September 2012.
27. World Health Organisation and Health Action International (2008): "Measuring Medicine Prices, Availability, Affordability and Price Components", WHO, Geneva, available from: http://www.haiweb.org/ medicineprices/manual/documents.html, accessed on 4 May 2012.