Caspian sea-level changes during the last millennium: Historical and geological evidence from the south Caspian Sea

Climate of the Past

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 1645-1665

  Beni, A Naderi ^a   Lahijani, H ^b   Harami, R Mousavi ^a   Arpe, K ^c,d   Leroy, S A G ^d   Marriner, N ^e   Berberian, M ^f   Andrieu Ponel, V ^e   Djamali, M ^e   Mahboubi, A ^a   Reimer, P J ^g  

^a FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD   (Iran)

^b Iranian National Institute for Oceanography INIO   (Iran)

^c MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR METEOROLOGY   (Germany)

^d BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^e AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY   (France)

^f Ocean County College   (United States)

^g QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATOLOGY; GEOLOGICAL RECORD; HISTORICAL RECORD; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; PALEOCLIMATE; RECONSTRUCTION; SEA LEVEL CHANGE;

CASPIAN SEA;

EID: 84881266122     PISSN: 18149324     EISSN: 18149332     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/cp-9-1645-2013     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Abbott, K. E.: Notes on Ghilan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 390-395, 1858.
2. al-Bakri, A.: Kitab al-Masalik w-al-Mamalik, 604 AH/1208 AD, edited by: Ghareh Chanlou, H., Motarjem Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1999.
3. al-Istakhri: Masalik al Mamalik, 339 AH/951 AD, edited by: Afshar, I., Bongah e Tarjomeh va Nashr-e Ketab, Tehran, 1961.
4. al-Maqdisi, M. B. A.: A'san al-taqasim fi ma'rifat al-aqalim, 374 AH /985 AD, Mo'alefan va Motarjeman Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1982.
5. al-Mas'udi, A. I. A.-H.: Muruj al-dhahab wa-ma'adin al-jawhar, 335 AH/947 AD, edited by: Payandeh, A., Elmi va Farhangi Publication, Tehran, Iran, 2012.
6. al-'Umari, A. I. Y.: Masalik al-ab'ar fi mamalik al-am'ar, 749 AH/1349 AD, Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyah, Bayrut, Lebanon, 2010.
7. al-Ya'qubi, A. B. W.: Kitab al-buldan, 259 AH/873 AD, edited by: Ayati, M. E., Tehran Publication Co., Tehran, Iran, 1968.
8. Ambraseys, N. N.: The Buyin-Zahra earthquake of September 1962; a field report, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 53, 705-740, 1963.
9. Ambraseys, N. N.: The Krasnovodsk (Turkmenistan) earthquake of 8 July 1895, J. Earthq. Eng., 1, 293-317, 1997.
10. Ambraseys, N. N. and Melville, C. P.: A history of the Persian earthquakes, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982.
11. Arpe, K. and Leroy, S. A. G.: The Caspian sea level forced by the atmospheric circulation, as observed and modelled, Quaternary Int., 173-174, 144-152, 2007.
12. Arpe, K., Bengtsson, L., Golitsyn, G. S., Mokhov, I. I., Semenov, V. A., and Sporyshev, P. V.: Connection between Caspian Sea level variability and ENSO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2693-2696, 2000.
13. Arpe, K., Leroy, S. A. G., Lahijani, H., and Khan, V.: Impact of the European Russia drought in 2010 on the Caspian Sea level, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 19-27, doi:10.5194/hess-16-19-2012, 2012.
14. Asgari, A.: Behshahr: Ashraf al-Belad, Tehran Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1971.
15. Banaketi, D. B. M.: Tarikh e Banaketi, 716 AH/1317 AD, Ja'far-e Shoar Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1969.
16. Bard, E., Raisbeck, G. M., Yiou, F., and Jouzel, J.: Solar modulation of cosmogenic nuclide production over the last millennium: comparison between 14C and Be10 records, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 150, 453-462, 1997.
17. Bard, E., Raisbeck, G., Yiou, F., and Jouzel, J.: Solar irradiance during the last 1200 years based on cosmogenic nuclides, Tellus, 52B, 985-992, 2000.
18. Barthold, V. V.: An historical geography of Iran, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1984.
19. Berberian, M.: The southern Caspian: a compressional depression floored by a trapped, modified oceanic crust, Can. J. Earth Sci., 20, 163-183, 1983.
20. Berberian, M.: Natural hazards and the first earthquake catalogue of Iran, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, 669, 1994.
21. Berberian, M. and King, G.: Towards a paleogeography and tectonic evolution of Iran, Can. J. Earth Sci., 18, 210-265, 1981.
22. Berberian, M. and Walker, R.: The Rudbar Mw earthquake of 1990 June 20; seismotectonics, coseismic and geomorphic displacements, and historic earthquakes of the western "High-Alborz"of Iran, Geophys. J. Int., 182, 1577-1602, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04705.x, 2010.
23. Berberian, M. and Yeats, R. S.: Patterns of historical rupture in the Iranian Plateau, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 89, 120-139, 1999.
24. Berberian, M. and Yeats, R.S.: Contribution of archaeological data to studies of earthquake history in the Iranian Plateau, J. Struct. Geol., 23, 563-583, 2001.
25. Berberian, M., Qorashi, M., Jackson, J., Priestley, K., and Wallace, T.: The Rudbar-Tarom earthquake of 20 June 1990 in NSW Persia - preliminary field and seismological observations and its tectonic significance, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am, 82, 1726-1755, 1992.
26. Berberian, M., Malek Shahmirzadi, S., Nokandeh, J., and Djamali, M.: Archaeoseismicity and environmental crises at the Sialk Mounds, Central Iranian Plateau, since the Early Neolithic, J. Archaeol. Sci., 39, 2845-2858, 2012.
27. Birstein, Y. A., Vinogradova, Y. A., Kondakova, L. G., Kun, M. S., Astakchova, T. V., and Romanova, N. N.: Atlas of the Invertebrates of the Caspian Sea, Izvestiya Pischevaya Promyshlennost, Moscow, 415 pp., 1968.
28. Boomer, I., Wünnemann, B., Mackay, A. W., Austin, P., Sorrel, P., Reinhardt, C., Keyser, D., Guichard, F., and Fontugne, M.: Advances in understanding the late Holocene history of the Aral Sea region, Quaternary Int., 194, 79-90, 2009.
29. Brown, N.: History and climate change. A Eurocenter perspective, Routledge, New York, 2001.
30. Brückner, E.: Klima-Schwankungen seit 1700: nebst Bemerkungen über die Klimaschwankungen der Diluvialzeit, E. Hölzel, 1890.
31. Dearing, J. A.: Environmental magnetic susceptibility using the Bartington MS2 system, 1999.
32. Djamour, Y., Vernant, P., Bayer, R., Nankali, H. R., Ritz, J. F., Hinderer, J., Hatam, Y., Luck, B., Le Moigne, N., and Sedighi, M.: GPS and gravity constraints on continental deformation in the Alborz mountain range, Iran, Geophys. J. Int., 183, 1287-1301, 2010.
33. Dolukhanov, P. M., Chepalyga, A. L., and Lavrentiev, N. V.: The Khvalynian transgressions and early human settlement in the Caspian basin, Quaternary Int., 225, 152-159, 2010.
34. Dotsenko, S. F., Kuzin, I., Levin, B. V., and Solovieva, O. N.: Tsunami in the CS: Historical events, regional seismicity and numerical modeling, Apetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Tsunami Workshop Russia, 10-15 September, 2002.
35. Farhad Mirza, M. t. D.: Safarnameh e Farhad Mirza, 1292 AH/1875 AD, edited by: Navab Safa, E., Zavar Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1987.
36. Fedchina, V. H.: Russian cartographic maps in the 18th to 19th centuries as a source for Aral-Caspian water fluctuations, in: Humidity change in Aral-Caspian region during the Holocene, edited by: Adrianov, B. V., Zorin, L. B., and Nikolaeva, R. V., USSR, Academy of Science, Institute of water problem, NAUKA, Moscow, 1980.
37. Gegelyantz, A. A., Galperin, E. N., Kosminskaya, I. P., and Krafshina, R. M.: Structure of the earth's crust in the central part of the Caspian Sea from deep seismic sounding data, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, SSSR, 123, 520-522, 1958.
38. Gilbert, M.: Imperial Russian History Atlas, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1978.
39. Gümilev, N.: Where Was She, the Country of Khazaria?, Nedelja, 24, 7-13, 1964.
40. Gümilev, N.: History of the Caspian sea level changes during the last 2000 years, in: Humidity change in Aral-Caspian region during the Holocene, edited by: Adrianov, B. V., Zorin, L. B., and Nikolaeva, R. V., USSR, Academy of Science, Institute of water problem, NAUKA, Moskow, 1980.
41. Hedin, S.: Der Demavand nach eigener Beobachtung, Verhandlung der Ges. Fur Erdkd. Zu Berlin, 19, 304, 1892.
42. Heiri, O., Lotter, A. F., and Lemcke, G.: Loss on ignition as a method for estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of results, J. Paleolimnol., 25, 101-110, 2001.
43. Hoogendoorn, R. M., Boels, J. F., Kroonenberg, S. B., Simmons, M. D., Aliyeva, E., Babazadeh, A. D., and Huseynov, D.: Development of the Kura delta, Azerbaijan; a record of Holocene Caspian sea level changes, Mar. Geol., 222-223, 359-380, 2005.
44. Hudud al-Alam: Hudud al-'Alam "The regions of the world": a Persian geography, 372 AH/982 AD, edited by: Tehrani, S. J., Majles Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1973.
45. Ibn Hawqal, M. B. A.: Kitab surat al-ard, 366 AH/977 AD, Translated from Arabic by: Sho'ar, J., 2 Ed., Amir Kabir Publication, 400 pp., 1988.
46. Ibrayev, R. A., Özsoy, E., Schrum, C., and Sur, H. I.: Seasonal variability of the Caspian Sea three-dimensional circulation, sea level and air-sea interaction, Ocean Sci., 6, 311-329, 2010, http://www.ocean-sci.net/6/311/2010/.
47. Jackson, J., Priestley, K., Allen, M., and Berberian, M.: Active tectonics of the South Caspian Basin, Geophys. J. Int., 148, 214-245, 2002.
48. Jayhani, M. B. A.: Al Masalik w- al-Mamalik (Ashkal al Alam), 279-294 AH /893-907AD, edited by: Kateb, A. B. A., Astan Ghods Razavi Publication, Mashhad, Iran, 1989.
49. Jovayni, A.-M.: Ta'rikh-i jahan-gusha, 658 AH/1260 AD, edited by: Qazvini, M. A., Arghavan Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1911.
50. Kakroodi, A. A.: Rapid Caspian Sea-level change and its impact on Iranian coasts, PhD, Department of Geotechnology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft, Netherlands, 121 pp., 2012.
51. Kakroodi, A. A., Kroonenberg, S. B., Hoogendoorn, R. M., Mohammd Khani, H., Yamani, M., Ghassemi, M. R., and Lahijani, H. A. K.: Rapid Holocene sea level changes along the Iranian Caspian coast, Quaternary Int., 263, 93-103, 2012.
52. Karpychev, Y. A.: Reconstruction of Caspian Sea level fluctuations: Radiocarbon dating coastal and bottom deposits, Radiocarbon, 35, 409-420, 1993.
53. Karpychev, Y. A.: Dating of Regressive Stages in the Caspian Sea Using 14C, Vodn. Resur., 25, 274-278, 1998.
54. Karpychev, Y. A.: Variation in the Caspian Sea level in the Historic Epoch, Water Resour., 1, 1-14, 2001.
55. Kazanci, N., Gulbabazadeh, T., Leroy, S. A. G., and Ileri, O.: Sedimentology and environmental characteristics at the Gilan-Mazenderan plain, northern Iran; influence of long and short-term Caspian level fluctuations on geomorphology, J. Mar. Syst., 46, 154-168, 2004.
56. Kazin, E. A.: Chronology in the Caucasian mineral water and Stavropol plateau, Bull. of Caucasian Seismic Stations, Tbilisi, July-December 1973, 1974.
57. Knapp, C. C., Knapp, J. H., and Connor, J. A.: Crustal-scale structure of the South Caspian basin revealed by deep seismic profiling, Mar. Petrol. Geol., 21, 1073-1081, 2004.
58. Komarova, N. G.: Caspian sea level changes in the Holocene based on historical data, in: Humidity change in Aral-Caspian region during the Holocene, edited by: Adrianov, B. V., Zorin, L. B., and Nikolaeva, R. V., USSR, Academy of Science, Institute of water problem, NAUKA Moskow, 1980.
59. Kondorskaya, N. and Shebalin, N.: New Catalog of Strong Earthquakes in the Territory of the USSR from Ancient Times to 1975, Academy of Sciences, Moscow (English translation, updated through 1977, available as Report SE-31, World Data Center A for Solid Earth Geophysics, Boulder, CO, 606 pp.), 1977.
60. Kousari, S.: Evolution of Sefidrud Delta, Development in Geological Education, 1, 1986.
61. Kroonenberg, S. B., Badyukova, E. N., Storms, J. E. A., Ignatov, E. I., and Kasimov, N. S.: A full sea level cycle in 65 years: barrier dynamics along Caspian shores, Sediment. Geol., 134, 257-274, 2000.
62. Kroonenberg, S. B., Abdurakhmanov, G. M., Aliyeva, E. G., Badyukova, E. N., van der Borg, K., Hoogendoorn, R. M., Huseynov, D., Kalashnikov, A., Kasimov, N. S., Rychagov, G. I., Svitoch, A. A., Vonhof, H. B., and Wesselingh, F. P.: Solarforced 2600 BP and Little Ice Age high-stands of the CS, Quaternary Int., 173-174, 137-143, 2007.
63. Kuzmin, Y. V., Nevesskaya, L. A., Krivonogov, S. K., and Burr, G. S.: Apparent 14C ages of the "pre-bomb" shells and correction values (R, Δ R) for Caspian and Aral Seas (Central Asia), Nuc. Instrum. Method. Phys. Res., 259, 463-466, 2007.
64. Lahijani, H. and Tavakoli, V.: Identifying provenance of South Caspian coastal sediments using mineral distribution pattern, Quaternary Int., 261, 128-137, 2012.
65. Lahijani, H. A. K., Tavakoli, V., and Amini, A. H.: South Caspian river mouth configuration under human impact and sea level fluctuations, Environ. Sci., 5, 65-86, 2008.
66. Lahijani, H. A. K., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Tavakoli, V., and Hosseindoost, M.: Evidence for Late Holocene high-stands in Central Gilan-East Mazanderan, South Caspian coast, Iran, Quaternary Int., 197, 55-71, 2009.
67. Leroy, S. A. G., Marret, F., Giralt, S., and Bulatov, S. A.: Natural and anthropogenic rapid changes in the Kara-Bogaz Gol over the last two centuries reconstructed from palynological analyses and a comparison to instrumental records, Quaternary Int., 150, 52-70, 2006.
68. Leroy, S. A. G., Marret, F., Gibert, E., Chalié, F., Reyss, J. L., and Arpe, K.: River inflow and salinity changes in the Caspian Sea during the last 5500 years, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 26, 3359-3383, 2007.
69. Leroy, S. A. G., Lahijani, H. A. K., Djamali, M., Naqinezhad, A., Moghadam, M. V., Arpe, K., Shah-Hosseini, M., Hosseindoust, M., Miller, C. S., Tavakoli, V., Habibi, P., and Naderi, M.: Late Little Ice Age palaeoenvironmental records from the Anzali and Amirkola lagoons (south CS): vegetation and sea level changes, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocli., 302, 415-434, 2011.
70. Leroy, S. A. G., Kakroodi, A. A., Kroonenberg, S. B., Lahijani, H. A. K., Alimohammadian, H., and Nigarov, A.: Holocene vegetation history and sea level changes in the SE corner of the Caspian Sea: relevance to SW Asia climate, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 70, 28-47, 2013.
71. Létolle, R.: Histoire de l'Ouzboï, cours fossile de l'Amou Daria: synthèse et éléments nouveaux Studia Iranica, 29, 195-240, 2000.
72. Magny, M., Peyron, O., Gauthier, E., Vannière, B., Millet, L., and Vermot-Desroches, B.: Quantitative estimates of temperature and precipitation changes over the last millennium from pollen and lake-level data at Lake Joux, Swiss Jura Mountains, Quaternary Res., 75, 45-54, 2011.
73. Mamedov, A. V.: The late Pleistocene-Holocene history of the CS, Quaternary Int., 41-42, 161-166, 1997.
74. Mangino, S. and Priestley, K.: The crustal structure of the southern Caspian region, Geophys. J. Int., 133, 630-648, 1998.
75. Mar'ashi, Z.: Tarikh e Tabarestan va Ruyan va Mazandaran, 880 AH/1476 AD, edited by: Tasbihi, M., Shargh Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1982.
76. Mayewski, P. A., Rohling, E. E., Curt Stager, J., Karlén, W., Maasch, K. A., Meeker, L. D., Meyerson, E. A., Gasse, F., van Kreveld, S., Holmgren, K., Lee-Thorp, J., Rosqvist, G., Rack, F., Staubwasser, M., Schneider, R. R., and Steig, E. J.: Holocene climate variability, Quaternary Res., 62, 243-255, 2004.
77. Mostowfi, H.: Noz'hat al-Gholub, 740 AH/1340 AD, edited by: Siaghi, M. D., Taha Publication, Qazvin, Iran, 1999.
78. Musketov, I. and Orlov, A.: The Catalog of Earthquakes in the Russian Empire, Russ. Geogr. Soc., St. Petersburg, 1893.
79. Naderi Beni, A., Lahijani, H., Moussavi Harami, R., Leroy, S. A. G., Shah-hosseini, M., Kabiri, K., and Tavakoli, V.: Development of spit-lagoon complexes in response to Little Ice Age rapid sea level changes in the central Gilan coast, South CS, Iran, Geomorphology, 187, 11-26, 2013.
80. Nahchiri, A.: Joghrafiay e Tarikhi e Shahrha (Historical geography of cities), Madreseh Publication, Tehran, Iran, 1999.
81. Nikitin, P. N.: On the problem of seismic activity in the Caspian Sea and its northwestern coast, Materials of the National Conference on the Problem of the Caspian Sea, Baku, 1963.
82. Nikitin, P. N.: Chronology of local earthquakes in the northern Caucasus, Pyatigorsk, 1974.
83. Okhravi, R. and Djamali, M.: The missing ancient Lake of Saveh; a historical review, Iran. Antiq., 38, 327-344, 2003.
84. Olsson, I. U.: Content of 14 C in marine mammals from northern Europe, Radiocarbon, 22, 662-675, 1980
85. Ozyavas, A., Khan, S. D., and Casey, J. F.: A possible connection of Caspian Sea level fluctuations with meteorological factors and seismicity, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 299, 150-158, 2010.
86. Parodi, S.: Cose e parole nei Viaggi di Pietro della Valle, Accademia della Crusca, 1997.
87. Pierret, M. C., Chabaux, F., Leroy, S. A. G., and Causse, C.: A record of Late Quaternary continental weathering in the sediment of the Caspian Sea: evidence from U-Th, Sr isotopes, trace element and palynological data, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 51, 40-55, 2012.
88. Priestley, K., Baker, C., and Jackson, J.: Implications of earthquake focal mechanism data for the active tectonics of the South Caspian Basin and surrounding regions, Geophys. J. Int., 118, 111-141, 1994.
89. Rabino, H. L.: Les provinces caspiennes de la Perse: Le Guîlân. Illustrations, E. Leroux, 1917.
90. Rabino, H. L.: Mazandaran and Astarabad, Indus Publications, 1980.
91. Reimer, P. J., Baillie, M. G. L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J. W., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Buck, C. E., Burr, G. S., and Edwards, R. L.: IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0-50,000 years cal BP, Radiocarbon, 51, 1111-1150, 2009.
92. Rekavandi, H. O., Sauer, E. W., Wilkinson, T., Tamak, E. S., Ainslie, R., Mahmoudi, M., Griffiths, S., Ershadi, M., Van Rensburg, J. J., and Fattahi, M.: An imperial frontier of the Sasanian Empire: further fieldwork at the great wall of Gorgan, Iran, 95-136, 2007.
93. Rodkin, M.: Hydroseismicity, New evidence, J. Geodynamics 15, 247-260, 1992a.
94. Rodkin, N. V.: Possible correlation of Caspian sea level fluctuations with seismicity, Izvestiya, Earth Sci., 28, 542-549, 1992b.
95. Ruddiman, W. F.: Earth Climate, Past and Future, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 2008.
96. Rychagov, G. I.: Holocene oscillations of the Caspian Sea and forecasts based on paleogeographical reconstructions, Quaternary Int., 41-42, 167-172, 1997.
97. Shah-hosseini, M., Morhange, C., Naderi Beni, A., Marriner, N., Lahijani, H., Hamzeh, M., and Sabatier, F.: Coastal boulders as evidence for high-energy waves on the Iranian coast of Makran, Mar. Geol., 290, 17-28, 2011.
98. Shilo, N. A. and Krivoshey, M. I.: Relation between the Caspian Sea level variations and strain in the Earth's crust, Vestnik Russ. Acad. Sci., Moscow, 83-90, 1989.
99. Sorrel, P., Popescu, S. M., Head, M. J., Suc, J. P., Klotz, S., and Oberhansli, H.: Hydrographic development of the Aral Sea during the last 2000 years based on a quantitative analysis of dinoflagellate cysts, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocli., 234, 304-327, 2006.
100. Storms, J. E. A. and Kroonenberg, S. B.: The impact of rapid sea level changes on recent Azerbaijan ridges, J. Coast. Res., 23, 521-527, 2007.
101. Stuiver, M. and Reimer, P. J.: Extended C-14 Data-Base and Revised Calib 3.0 C-14 Age Calibration Program, Radiocarbon, 35, 215-230, 1993.
102. Tusi, S. A.-D. M. B. M. A.: 'Aja'eb al-Makhluqat va Ghara'eb al-Mojudat, 555 AH/1160 AD, edited by: Sotudeh, M., Bongah-e Tarjomeh va Nashr-e Ketab, Tehran, 1966.
103. Ulomov, V. I.: A three-dimensional model of the lithosphere dynamics, seismicity structure, and variations in the Caspian sea level, Izvestiya Phys. Solid Earth, 39, 353-364, 2003.
104. Varushchenko, S., Varushchenko, A., and Klige, R.: Changes in the regime of the Caspian Sea and closed basins in time, Nauka, Moscow, 1987.
105. Voropaev, G. V., Krasnozhon, G. F., and Lahijani, H.: Caspian river deltas, Caspia Bulletin, 1, 23-27, 1998.
106. Walker, M. J. C.: Quaternary dating methods, John Wiley and Son, Chichester, UK, 2005.