The importance of progressive senescence in the biomass dynamics of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

Ecology

Volumn 94, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 1848-1858

  Rodriguez, Gabriel E ^a   Rassweiler, Andrew ^a   Reed, Daniel C ^a   Holbrook, Sally J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Demography; Frond; Initiation rate; Life span; Loss rate; Macroalgae; Macrocystis pyrifera; Primary producer biomass; Progressive senescence; Santa Barbara, California, USA; Turnover; Vegetation dynamics

Indexed keywords

AGE STRUCTURE; ANNUAL VARIATION; BIOMASS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GROWTH RATE; LEAF; MORTALITY; PHYSICAL DISTURBANCE; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SENESCENCE; SURVIVAL; TIME SERIES; TREE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS;

MACROCYSTIS; MACROCYSTIS PYRIFERA;

EID: 84881245946     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/12-1340.1     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Aerts, R., and H. de Caluwe. 1995. Interspecific and intraspecific differences in shoot and leaf lifespan of four Carex species which differ in maximum dry matter production. Oecologia 102:467-477.
2. Chabot, B. F., and D. J. Hicks. 1982. The ecology of leaf life spans. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 13:229-259.
3. Chapin, F. S., and G. R. Shaver. 1985. Individualistic growth response of tundra plant species to environmental manipulations in the field. Ecology 66:564-576.
4. Clendenning, K. A. 1971. Photosynthesis and general development. Pages 169-190 in W. J. North, editor. The biology of giant kelp beds (Macrocystis) in California. Beihefte Zur Nova Hedwigia, Verlag Von J. Cramer, Lehre, Germany.
5. Coley, P. D., J. P. Bryant, and F. S. Chapin. 1985. Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science 230:895-899.
6. Dayton, P. K. 1985. Ecology of kelp communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 16:215-245.
7. Dennison, W. C., and R. S. Alberte. 1982. Photosynthetic responses of Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) to in situ manipulations of light intensity. Oecologia 55:137-144.
8. Denny, M., and B. Gaylord. 2002. The mechanics of waveswept algae. Journal of Experimental Biology 205:1355-1362.
9. Donnellan,M. D. 2004. Spatial and temporal variability of kelp forest canopies in central California. Thesis. San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA.
10. Duarte, C., J. W. Forqurean, K. J. Dorte, and B. Olesen. 2006. Dynamics of seagrass stability and change. Pages 271-294 in A. W. D. Larkum, R. J. Orth, and C. M. Duarte, editors. Seagrasses: biology, ecology, and conservation. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
11. Foster, M. S., and D. R. Schiel. 1985. The ecology of giant kelp forests in California: a community profile. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85, Washington, D.C., USA.
12. Gaylord, B. G., C. A. Blanchette, and M. W. Denny. 1994. Mechanical consequences of size in wave-swept algae. Ecological Monographs 64:287-313.
13. Gerard, V. A. 1976. Some aspects of material dynamics and energy flow in a kelp forest in Monterey Bay, California. Dissertation. University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
14. Gerard, V. A. 1982. Growth and utilization of internal nitrogen reserves by the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera in a lownitrogen environment. Marine Biology 66:27-35.
15. Gerard, V. A., and H. Kirkmann. 1984. Ecological observations on a branched, loose-lying form of Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) C. Agardh in New Zealand. Botanica Marina 27:105-109.
16. Graham, M. H., C. Harrold, S. Lisin, K. Light, J. M. Watanabe, and M. S. Foster. 1997. Population dynamics of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera along a wave exposure gradient. Marine Ecology Progress Series 148:269-279.
17. Graham, M. H., J. A. Vasquez, and A. H. Buschmann. 2007. Global ecology of the giant kelp Macrocystis: from ecotypes to ecosystems. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 45:39-88.
18. Gurney, W. S. C., and R. M. Nisbet. 1998. Ecological dynamics. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
19. Hairston, N. G., F. E. Smith, and L. B. Slobodkin. 1960. Community structure, population control, and competition. American Naturalist 94:421-425.
20. Harper, J. L. 1989. The value of a leaf. Oecologia 80:53-58.
21. Hay, C. H. 1990. The distribution of Macrocystis (Phaeophyta: Laminariales) as a biological indicator of cool sea surface temperature, with special reference to New Zealand waters. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 20:313-336.
22. Herbert, D. A., and J. W. Fourqurean. 2009. Phosphorus availability and salinity control productivity and demography of the seagrass Thalassia testudinium in Florida Bay. Estuaries and Coasts 32:188-201.
23. Hikosaka, K. 2003. A model of dynamics of leaves and nitrogen in a plant canopy: an integration of canopy photosynthesis, leaf life span, and nitrogen use efficiency. American Naturalist 162:149-164.
24. Hikosaka, K. 2005. Leaf canopy as a dynamic system: ecophysiology and optimality in leaf turnover. Annals of Botany 95:521-533.
25. Hurd, C. L., C. L. Stevens, B. E. Laval, G. A. Lawrence, and P. J. Harrison. 1997. Visualization of seawater flow around morphologically distinct forms of the giant kelp Macrocystis integrifolia from wave-sheltered and exposed sites. Limnology and Oceanography 42:156-163.
26. Jackson, G. A. 1977. Nutrients and production of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, off southern California. Limnology and Oceanography 22:979-995.
27. Jackson, R. B., et al. 2000. Belowground consequences of vegetation change and their treatment in models. Ecological Applications 10:470-483.
28. Kikuzawa, K. 1991. A cost-benefit analysis of leaf habit and leaf longevity of trees and their geographical pattern. American Naturalist 138:1250-1263.
29. Kikuzawa, K., and D. Ackerly. 1999. Significance of leaf longevity in plants. Plant Species Biology 14:39-45.
30. Kitajima, K., S. S. Mulkey, and S. J. Wright. 1997. Decline of photosynthetic capacity with leaf age in relation to leaf longevities for five tropical canopy tree species. American Journal of Botany 84:702-708.
31. Kopczak, C. D., R. C. Zimmerman, and J. N. Kremer. 1991. Variation in nitrogen physiology and growth among geographically isolated populations of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera (Phaeophyta). Journal of Phycology 27:149-158.
32. Laska, G. 2001. The disturbance and vegetation dynamics: a review and an alternative framework. Plant Ecology 157:77-99.
33. Leopold, A. C. 1961. Senescence in plant development. The death of plants or plant parts may be of positive ecological or physiological value. Science 134:1727-1732.
34. Lindeman, R. H., P. F. Merenda, and R. Z. Gold. 1980. Introduction to bivariate and multivariate analysis. Scott, Foresman, Glenview, Illinois, USA.
35. Liski, J., A. Lehtonen, T. Palosuo, M. Peltoniemi, T. Eggers, P. Muukkonen, and R. Ma? kipa? a? . 2006. Carbon accumulation in Finland's forests 1922-2004 -an estimate obtained by combination of forest inventory data with modelling of biomass, litter and soil. Annals of Forest Science 63:687-697.
36. Lobban, C. S. 1978. The growth and death of the Macrocystis sporophyte (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales). Phycologia 17: 196-212.
37. Lobban, C. S., P. J. Harrison, and M. J. Duncan. 1985. The physiological ecology of seaweeds. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York, USA.
38. Mann, K. H. 2000. Ecology of coastal waters: with implications for management. Second edition. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, USA.
39. McPhee-Shaw, E. E., D. A. Siegel, L. Washburn, M. A. Brzezinski, J. L. Jones, A. Leydecker, and J. Melack. 2007. Mechanisms for nutrient delivery to the inner shelf: observations from the Santa Barbara Channel. Limnology and Oceanography 52:1748-1766.
40. Molina, A., G. Govers, V. Vanacker, J. Poesen, E. Zeelmaekers, and F. Cisneros. 2007. Runoff generation in a degraded Andean ecosystem: interaction of vegetation cover and land use. Catena 71:357-370.
41. Neushul, M. 1963. Studies on the giant kelp, Macrocystis. II. Reproduction. American Journal of Botany 50:354-359.
42. Niyogi, D., K. Alapaty, S. Raman, and F. Chen. 2009. Development and evaluation of a coupled photosynthesisbased gas exchange evapotranspiration model (GEM) for mesoscale weather forecasting applications. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 48:349-368.
43. North, W. J. 1994. Review of Macrocystis biology. Pages 447-527 in I. Akatsuka, editor. Biology of economic algae. SPB Academic, The Hague, The Netherlands.
44. Ostfeld, R. S., and F. Keesing. 2000. Pulsed resources and community dynamics of consumers in terrestrial ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15:232-237.
45. R Development Core Team. 2012. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. http://www. R-project.org
46. Rassweiler, A., K. K. Arkema, D. C. Reed, R. C. Zimmerman, and M. A. Brzezinski. 2008. Net primary production, growth, and standing crop of Macrocystis pyrifera in southern California. Ecology 89:2068.
47. Reed, D. C., and M. S. Foster. 1984. The effects of canopy shading on algal recruitment and growth in a giant kelp forest. Ecology 65:937-948.
48. Reed, D. C., A. Rassweiler, and K. K. Arkema. 2008. Biomass rather than growth rate determines variation in net primary production by giant kelp. Ecology 89:2493-2505.
49. Reed, D. C., A. Rassweiler, and K. K. Arkema. 2009. Density derived estimates of standing crop and net primary production in the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera. Marine Biology 156:2077-2083.
50. Reed, D. C., A. Rassweiler, M. H. Carr, K. C. Cavanaugh, D. P. Malone, and D. A. Siegel. 2011. Wave disturbance overwhelms top-down and bottom-up control of primary production in California kelp forests. Ecology 92:2108-2116.
51. Reich, P. B., D. S. Ellsworth, M. B. Walters, J. M. Vose, C. Gresham, J. C. Volin, and W. D. Bowman. 1999. Generality of leaf trait relationships: a test across six biomes. Ecology 80:1955-1969.
52. Reich, P. B., M. B. Walters, and D. S. Ellsworth. 1992. Leaf life-span in relation to leaf plant and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecological Monographs 62:365-392.
53. Reich, P. B., M. B. Walters, and D. S. Ellsworth. 1997. From tropics to tundra: global convergence in plant functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 94: 13730-13734.
54. Schiel, D. R., and M. S. Foster. 1986. The structure of subtidal algal stands in temperate waters. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review 24:265-307.
55. Stewart, H. L., J. P. Fram, D. C. Reed, S. L. Williams, M. A. Brzezinski, S. MacIntyre, and B. Gaylord. 2009. Differences in growth, morphology and tissue carbon and nitrogen of Macrocystis pyrifera within and at the outer edge of a giant kelp forest in California, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 375:101-112.
56. Towle, D. W., and J. S. Pearse. 1973. Production of the giant kelp, Macrocystis, estimated by in situ incorporation of 14C in polyethylene bags. Limnology and Oceanography 18:155-159.
57. Tsuchiya, T. 1991. Leaf life span of floating-leaved plants. Vegetatio 97:149-160.
58. van Ommen Kloeke, A. E. E., J. C. Douma, J. C. Ordonez, P. B. Reich, and P. M. van Bodegom. 2012. Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and evergreen species in response to environmental conditions. Global Ecology and Biogeography 21:224-235.
59. van Tussenbroek, B. I. 1993. Plant and frond dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, forming a fringing zone in the Falkland Islands. European Journal of Phycology 28: 161-165.
60. Venables, W. N., and B. D. Ripley. 2002. Modern applied statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
61. Wheeler, W. N. 1980. Pigment content and photosynthetic rates of the fronds of Macrocystis pyrifera. Marine Biology 56:97-102.
62. White, P. S. 1979. Pattern, process and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45:229-299.
63. Yang, L. H., K. F. Edwards, J. E. Byrnes, J. L. Bastow, A. N. Wright, and K. O. Spence. 2010. A meta-analysis of resource pulse-consumer interactions. Ecological Monographs 801: 125-151.