Ontologies and languages for representing mathematical knowledge on the semantic web

Semantic Web

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 119-158

  Lange, Christoph ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

^b JACOBS UNIVERSITY BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Formalization; Knowledge representation; Linked data; Mathematical knowledge management; Mathematics; Ontologies; XML

Indexed keywords

EID: 84880713884     PISSN: 15700844     EISSN: 22104968     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/SW-2012-0059     Document Type: Article

References (234)

1. Specifications for the Digital Talking Book. Technical report, DAISY Consortium, 2005. URL http://www.daisy.org/z3986/2005/Z3986-2005.html. ANSI/NISO Z39.86-2005. ISSN 1041-5653.
2. D2R server publishing the DBLP bibliography database. URL http://dblp.l3s.de/d2r/.
3. Digital Library of Mathematical Functions. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2010. URL http://dlmf.nist.gov.
4. GAMS: Guide to Available Mathematical Software. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). URL http://gams.nist.gov.
5. HELM. Hypertextual Electronic Library of Mathematics. URL http://helm.cs.unibo.it.
6. Math-Net, an International Information and Communication System. International Mathematical Union (IMU). URL http://www.math-net.org.
7. MathOverflow. URL http://mathoverflow.net.
8. Eric W. Weisstein, editor. Wolfram MathWorld, the web's most extensive mathematics resource. URL http://mathworld.wolfram.com.
9. Mizar mathematical library. URL http://www.mizar.org/library.
10. Mizar system. URL http://mizar.org/system/.
11. OEBPS Container Format (OCF). Recommended specification, International Digital Publishing Forum, 2006. URL http://www.idpf.org/ocf/ocf1.0/download/ ocf10.htm.
12. OMDoc. URL http://omdoc.org.
13. Open Packaging Format (OPF), version 2.0 v1.0. Recommended specification, International Digital Publishing Forum, 2007. URL http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf/ OPF-2.0-final-spec.html.
14. The polymath blog. URL http://polymathprojects.org/.
15. Deolalikar P vs NP paper. 2010. URL http://michaelnielsen.org/polymath1/ index.php? title=Deolalikar-P-vs-NP-paper&oldid= 3654.
16. ProgrammableWeb. Mashups, APIs, and theWeb as Platform. URL http://www.programmableweb.com.
17. ProofWiki. URL http://www.proofwiki.org.
18. acm.rkbexplorer.com. Advanced Knowledge Technologies (AKT). URL http://acm.rkbexplorer.com.
19. Rhaptos Trac: Collection structure redesign /inception. 2009. URL https://trac.rhaptos.org/trac/rhaptos/wiki/CollectionStructureRedesign/ Inception? version=54.
20. SPAR - Semantic Publishing and Referencing. 2011. URL http://purl.org/spar.
21. Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology (SWEET). NASA, 2011. URL http://sweet.jpl.nasa.gov/.
22. Semantic MediaWiki. URL http://semantic-mediawiki.org.
23. SysMO-DB SEEK. URL http://www.sysmo-db.org/seek/.
24. TEI - ontologies SIG. URL http://www.tei-c.org/Activities/SIG/Ontologies/ .
25. Tricki. A repository of mathematical know-how. URL http://www.tricki.org.
26. Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. URL http://www.dublincore.org.
27. OPENMATH content dictionaries. URL http://www.openmath.org/cd/.
28. Wolfram|Alpha widgets. URL http://developer.wolframalpha.com/widgets/.
29. Connexions - XML languages. URL http://cnx.org/help/authoring/xml.
30. The Coq proof assistant. URL http://coq.inria.fr/.
31. The n-Category Café. A group blog on math, physics and philosophy. URL http://golem.ph.utexas.edu/category/.
32. nLab. URL http://ncatlab.org/.
33. SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). URL http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/.
34. Zentralblatt MATH. URL http://www.zentralblatt-math.org.
35. Mathematics Subject Classification MSC2010, 2010. URL http://msc2010.org.
36. ActiveMath. ACTIVEMATH. URL http://www.activemath.org.
37. Ben Adida, Mark Birbeck, Shane McCarron, and Ivan Herman. RDFa Core 1.1. Syntax and processing rules for embedding RDF through attributes. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), March 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/ 2011/WD-rdfa-core-20110331/.
38. Waseem Akhtar, Jacek Kopecký, Thomas Krennwallner, and Axel Polleres. XSPARQL: Traveling between the XML and RDF worlds - and avoiding the XSLT pilgrimage. In Bechhofer et al. [59], pages 432-447.
39. Jesse Alama, Kasper Brink, Lionel Mamane, and Josef Urban. Large FormalWikis: Issues and Solutions. In Davenport et al. [96], pages 133-148.
40. Keith Alexander, Richard Cyganiak, Michael Hausenblas, and Jun Zhao. Describing Linked Datasets with the VoID Vocabulary. W3C Interest Group Note, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), March 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/NOTE- void-20110303/.
41. American Mathematical Society. MathSciNet Mathematical Reviews on the Net. URL http://www.ams.org/mathscinet/.
42. Ola Andersson, Robin Berjon, Erik Dahlström, Andrew Emmons, Jon Ferraiolo, Anthony Grasso, Vincent Hardy, Scott Hayman, Dean Jackson, Chris Lilley, Cameron McCormack, Andreas Neumann, Craig Northway, Antoine Quint, Nandini Ramani, Doug Schepers, and Andrew Shellshear. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) Tiny 1.2 specification. W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), December 2008. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-SVGTiny12-20081222/.
43. Anupriya Ankolekar, Markus Krötzsch, Thanh Tran, and Denny Vrandečić. The two cultures: Mashing upWeb 2.0 and the Semantic Web. Web Semantics, 6(1):70-75, 2008.
44. Ioannis Antoniou, Charalampos Bratsas, Anastasia Dimou, Patrick Ion, Christoph Lange, and Wolfram Sperber. Mathematics Subject Classification Linked Wiki. URL http://sci-class.math.auth.gr/MSCLW/.
45. Lora Aroyo, Grigoris Antoniou, Eero Hyvönen, Annette ten Teije, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Liliana Cabral, and Tania Tudorache, editors. The Semantic Web: Research and Applications (Part I), number 6088 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
46. ArXiv. arxiv.org e-Print archive. URL http://www.arxiv.org.
47. Andrea Asperti and Claudio Sacerdoti Coen. Some considerations on the usability of interactive provers. In Autexier et al. [54], pages 147-156.
48. Andrea Asperti, Bruno Buchberger, and James Harold Davenport, editors. Mathematical Knowledge Management, MKM'03, number 2594 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2003. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
49. Andrea Asperti, Luca Padovani, Claudio Sacerdoti Coen, Ferruccio Guidi, and Irene Schena. Mathematical knowledge management in HELM. Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, Special Issue on Mathematical Knowledge Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 38(1-3):27-46, May 2003.
50. Andrea Asperti, Claudio Sacerdoti Coen, Enrico Tassi, and Stefano Zacchiroli. User interaction with the Matita proof assistant. Journal of Automated Reasoning, 39(2):109-139, 2007.
51. Andrea Asperti, Herman Geuvers, and Raja Natarajan. Social processes, program verification and all that. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, 19(5):877-896, October 2009.
52. Ron Ausbrooks, Stephen Buswell, David Carlisle, Giorgi Chavchanidze, Stéphane Dalmas, Stan Devitt, Angel Diaz, Sam Dooley, Roger Hunter, Patrick Ion, Michael Kohlhase, Azzeddine Lazrek, Paul Libbrecht, Bruce Miller, Robert Miner, Murray Sargent, Bruce Smith, Neil Soiffer, Robert Sutor, and Stephen Watt. Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) version 3.0. W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2010. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/ MathML3.
53. Serge Autexier, Dieter Hutter, Till Mossakowski, and Axel Schairer. Maya: Maintaining structured documents. In OMDOC - An open markup format for mathematical documents [Version 1.2] Kohlhase [147], chapter 26.12. URL http://omdoc.org/pubs/omdoc1.2.pdf.
54. Serge Autexier, Jacques Calmet, David Delahaye, Patrick D. F. Ion, Laurence Rideau, Renaud Rioboo, and Alan P. Sexton, editors. Intelligent Computer Mathematics, number 6167 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2010. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg. ISBN 3642141277.
55. John Baez. Math blogs. Notices of the AMS, page 333, March 2010. URL http://www.ams.org/notices/201003/rtx100300333p.pdf.
56. Grzegorz Bancerek. Information retrieval and rendering with MML Query. In Borwein and Farmer [72], pages 266-279.
57. Rebhi S. Baraka. A Framework for Publishing and Discovering Mathematical Web Services. PhD thesis, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, 2006. URL http://www.risc.uni-linz.ac.at/publications/download/risc-2945/06-04.pdf.
58. Michael J. Barany. '[b]ut this is blog maths and we're free to make up conventions as we go along': Polymath1 and the modalities of 'massively collaborative mathematics'. In Phoebe Ayers and Felipe Ortega, editors, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration (WikiSym), ACM Press, 2010. URL http://www.wikisym.org/ws2010/Proceedings/.
59. Sean Bechhofer, Manfred Hauswirth, Jörg Hoffmann, and Manolis Koubarakis, editors. The Semantic Web: Research and Applications, number 5021 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2008. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
60. Sean Bechhofer, John Ainsworth, Jiten Bhagat, Iain Buchan, Philip Couch, Don Cruickshank, David De Roure, Mark Delderfield, Ian Dunlop, Matthew Gamble, Carole Goble, Danius Michaelides, Paolo Missier, Stuart Owen, David Newman, and Shoaib Sufi. Why linked data is not enough for scientists. In 6th IEEE e-Science conference, 2010, pages 300- 307.
61. Dave Beckett. RDF/XML syntax specification (revised). W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), February 2004. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/ REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210/.
62. Anders Berglund, Scott Boag, Don Chamberlin, Mary F. Fernández, Michael Kay, Jonathan Robie, and Jérôme Siméon. XML Path Language (XPath) 2.0. W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2007. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-xpath20-20070123/.
63. Tim Berners-Lee. cwm. 2009. URL http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm. html.
64. Tim Berners-Lee. Notation 3 (N3) - a readable RDF syntax. Technical report, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2006. URL http://www.w3.org/ DesignIssues/Notation3.html.
65. Tim Berners-Lee. Design issues: Linked data. Technical report, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2006. URL http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html.
66. Tim Berners-Lee, Roy T. Fielding, and Larry Masinter. Uniform resource identifier (URI): Generic syntax. RFC 3986, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 2005. URL http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt.
67. Diego Berrueta and Jon Phipps. Best practice recipes for publishing RDF vocabularies. W3C Working Group Note, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), August 2008. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-swbp-vocab-pub-20080828/.
68. Diego Berrueta, Dan Brickley, Stefan Decker, Sergio Fernández, Christoph Görn, Andreas Harth, Tom Heath, Kingsley Idehen, Kjetil Kjernsmo, Alistair Miles, Alexandre Passant, Axel Polleres, and Luis Polo. SIOC Core Ontology Specification, March 2010. URL http://rdfs.org/sioc/spec/.
69. Chris Bizer, Sören Auer, and Gunnar AAstrand Grimnes, editors. Scripting and Development for the Semantic Web (SFSW), number 449 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, May 2009. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-449/.
70. Uldis Bojars and John G. Breslin. SIOC core ontology specification. W3C Member Submission, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), June 2007. URL http://www.w3.org/Submission/2007/SUBM-sioc-spec-20070612/.
71. Uldis Bojars, John G. Breslin, Vassilios Peristeras, Giovanni Tummarello, and Stefan Decker. Interlinking the Social Web with Semantics. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 23(3), pages 29- 40, 2008.
72. Jon Borwein and William M. Farmer, editors. Mathematical Knowledge Management (MKM), number 4108 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2006. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
73. Scott Bradner. Key words for use in RFCs to indicate requirement levels. RFC 2119, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 1997. URL http://www.ietf.org/ rfc/rfc2119.txt.
74. Dan Brickley and Libby Miller. FOAF vocabulary specification 0.98. Technical report, ILRT Bristol. URL http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/20100809.html.
75. Dan Brickley, Vinay K. Chaudhri, Harry Halpin, and Deborah L. McGuinness, editors. Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium on Linked Data Meets Artificial Intelligence, 2010.
76. Matthias Bröcheler. A mathematical semantic web. Bachelor's thesis, Computer Science, Jacobs University, Bremen, 2007. URL http://www.eecs.jacobs- university.de/archive/bsc-2007/broecheler.pdf.
77. Simon Buckingham Shum, Tim Clark, Anita de Waard, Tudor Groza, Siegfried Handschuh, and Àgnes Sándor. Scientific discourse on the semantic web: A survey of models and enabling technologies. accepted for publication in the Semantic Web Journal, 2011. URL http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/content/ scientific-discourse-semantic-web-surveymodels- and-enabling-technologies.
78. Lou Burnard and Syd Bauman. TEI P5: Guidelines for electronic text encoding and interchange. Technical report, TEI Consortium. URL http://www.tei-c.org/release/doc/tei-p5-doc/en/html/.
79. Stephen Buswell. RDF/XML test cases for RDF logic, web ontology and maths content. Deliverable 5.3b, Semantic Web Advanced Development for Europe (SWADEurope), 2001. URL http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/Europe/reports/xml-test-cases/ wp53.html.
80. Stephen Buswell, Olga Caprotti, David P. Carlisle, Michael C. Dewar, Marc Gaëtano, and Michael Kohlhase. The Open Math standard, version 2.0. Technical report, The Open- Math Society, 2004. URL http://www.openmath.org/ standard/om20.
81. Olga Caprotti, Mike Dewar, and Daniele Turi. Mathematical service matching using description logic and OWL. In Andrea Asperti, Grzegorz Bancerek, and Andrej Trybulec, editors, Mathematical Knowledge Management, MKM'04, number 3119 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 73- 87. Springer Verlag, 2004, Berlin/Heidelberg.
82. Olga Caprotti, Mike Dewar, and Daniele Turi. Mathematical service matching using description logic and OWL. Technical report, The MONET Consortium, 2004. URL http://monet.nag.co.uk/monet/publicdocs/monet-onts.pdf.
83. Jacques Carette, Lucas Dixon, Claudio Sacerdoti Coen, and Stephen M. Watt, editors. MKM/Calculemus Proceedings, number 5625 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, July 2009. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg. ISBN 9783642026133.
84. Paolo Ciccarese and Tudor Groza. Ontology of Rhetorical Blocks (ORB). W3C Interest Group Note, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), October 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/NOTE-hcls-orb-20111020/.
85. Tim Clark, Joanne S. Luciano, M. Scott Marshall, Eric Prud'hommeaux, and Susie Stephens, editors. Semantic Web Applications in Scientific Discourse (SWASD), number 523 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, 2009. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-523/.
86. CNX. Connexions. URL http://cnx.org.
87. Mihai Codescu, Fulya Horozal, Michael Kohlhase, Till Mossakowski, and Florian Rabe. Project Abstract: Logic Atlas and Integrator (LATIN). In Davenport et al. [96], pages 289-291.
88. Arjeh M. Cohen, Hans Cuypers, and Rikko Verrijzer. Mathematical context in interactive documents. Mathematics in Computer Science, 3(3):331-347, 2010.
89. Sarah Coppins and Brent Hendricks. Content MathML (Connexions web site). URL http://cnx.org/content/m9008/2.15/.
90. Olivier Corby, Leila Kefi-Khelif, Hacène Cherfi, Fabien Gandon, and Khaled Khelif. Querying the semantic web of data using SPARQL, RDF and XML. Technical Report 6847, INRIA Sophia Antipolis, February 2009. URL http://hal.inria.fr/docs/00/36/23/81/PDF/RR-6847.pdf.
91. Stéphane Corlosquet, Renaud Delbru, Tim Clark, Axel Polleres, and Stefan Decker. Produce and Consume Linked Data with Drupal! In Abraham Bernstein, David R. Karger, Tom Heath, Lee Feigenbaum, Diana Maynard, Enrico Motta, and Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, editors, The Semantic Web - ISWC 2009, number 5823 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 763-778. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, October 2009.
92. Hans Cuypers, Arjeh M. Cohen, Jan Willem Knopper, Rikko Verrijzer, and Mark Spanbroek. MathDox, a system for interactive mathematics. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications 2008 (ED-MEDIA'08), pages 5177-5182. AACE, June 2008. URL http://go.editlib.org/p/29092.
93. Wolfgang Dalitz, Wolfram Sperber, and Winfried Neun. Math-Net, a model for information and communication systems in sciences. In Jan von Knop, Peter Schirmbacher, and Viljan Mahnic, editors, EUNIS, number 13 in Lecture Notes in Informatics, pages 140-145. GI, 2001. ISBN 3-88579-339- 3.
94. Ron Daniel Jr. Harvesting RDF statements from XLinks. W3C Note, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), September 2000. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/NOTE- xlink2rdf-20000929/.
95. James Davenport. A small OpenMath type system. Bulletin of the ACM Special Interest Group on Symbolic and Automated Mathematics (SIGSAM), 34(2):16-21, 2000.
96. James Davenport, William Farmer, Florian Rabe, and Josef Urban, editors. Intelligent Computer Mathematics, number 6824 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, 2011. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
97. James H. Davenport and Michael Kohlhase. Unifying Math Ontologies: A tale of two standards. In Carette et al. [83], pages 263-278. ISBN 9783642026133. URL http://kwarc.info/kohlhase/papers/mkm09-MMLOM3.pdf.
98. Catalin David, Michael Kohlhase, Christoph Lange, Florian Rabe, Nikita Zhiltsov, and Vyacheslav Zholudev. Publishing math lecture notes as linked data. In Lora Aroyo, Grigoris Antoniou, Eero Hyvönen, Annette ten Teije, Heiner Stuckenschmidt, Liliana Cabral, and Tania Tudorache, editors, The Semantic Web: Research and Applications (Part II), number 6089 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 370-375. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2010.
99. DBpedia. URL http://dbpedia.org.
100. DCMI Usage Board. DCMI metadata terms. DCMI recommendation, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 2008. URL http://dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dcmi- terms/.
101. Jos De Roo. EulerSharp. URL http://eulersharp.sourceforge.net/.
102. Klaas Dellschaft, Hendrik Engelbrecht, José Monte Barreto, Sascha Rutenbeck, and Steffen Staab. Cicero: Tracking design rationale in collaborative ontology engineering. In Bechhofer et al. [59], pages 782-786.
103. Li Ding, Dominic DiFranzo, Alvaro Graves, James R. Michaelis, Xian Li, Deborah L. McGuinness, and Jim Hendler. Data-gov wiki: Towards linking government data. In Brickley et al. [75].
104. DITA. OASIS Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA). URL http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/dita/.
105. Leigh Dodds and Ian Davis. Linked Data Patterns. A pattern catalogue for modelling, publishing, and consuming Linked Data. August 2011. URL http://patterns.dataincubator.org/book/.
106. Peter Dolog, Rita Gavrioloaie, Wolfgang Nejdl, and Jan Brase. Integrating adaptive hypermedia techniques and open RDF-based environments. In Proceedings of the 12th WWW conference. ACM Press, 2003.
107. Nicholas Drummond, Alan Rector, Robert Stevens, Georgina Moulton, Matthew Horridge, Hai Wang, and Julian Sedenberg. Putting owl in order: Patterns for sequences in OWL. In Bernardo Cuenca Grau, Pascal Hitzler, Connor Shankey, and EvanWallace, editors, OWL: Experiences and Directions (OWLED), November 2006.
108. Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. Dublin Core metadata element set. DCMI recommendation, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 2008. URL http://dublincore. org/documents/2008/01/04/dces/.
109. Edd Dubmill. DOAP - description of a project. URL http://trac.usefulinc. com/doap.
110. Bob DuCharme. Using RDFa with DITA and DocBook. 2009. URL http://www.devx.com/semantic/Article/42543/.
111. Thomas Eiter, Giovambattista Ianni, Thomas Krennwallner, and Axel Polleres. Rules and ontologies for the semantic web. In Cristina Baroglio, Piero A. Bonatti, Jan Małuszy'nski, Massimo Marchiori, Axel Polleres, and Sebastian Schaffert, editors, Reasoning Web, number 5224 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 1- 53. Springer, 2008. URL http://axel.deri.ie/ publications/eite-etal-2008.pdf.
112. Hans Magnus Enzensberger. Drawbridge up. A K PETERS, LTD., 1999. German original: Zugbrücke außer Betrieb. Die Mathematik im Jenseits der Kultur. English translation by Tom Artin.
113. William Farmer, Josuah Guttman, and Xavier Thayer. Little theories. In D. Kapur, editor, Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Automated Deduction, number 607 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 467-581, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA, 1992. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
114. William M. Farmer. MKM: A new interdisciplinary field of research. Bulletin of the ACM Special Interest Group on Symbolic and Automated Mathematics (SIGSAM), 38(2):47-52, 2004.
115. Armin Fiedler. P.rex: An interactive proof explainer. In Rajeev Goré, Alexander Leitsch, and Tobias Nipkow, editors, Automated Reasoning - 1st International Joint Conference, IJCAR 2001, number 2083 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 416-420, Siena, Italy, 2001. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.
116. Jana Giceva, Christoph Lange, and Florian Rabe. Integrating web services into active mathematical documents. In Carette et al. [83], pages 279-293. ISBN 9783642026133. URL https://svn.omdoc.org/repos/jomdoc/doc/pubs/mkm09/jobad/ jobad-server.pdf.
117. Deyan Ginev, Constantin Jucovschi, Stefan Anca, Mihai Grigore, Catalin David, and Michael Kohlhase. An architecture for linguistic and semantic analysis on the arXMLiv corpus. In Applications of Semantic Technologies (AST) Workshop at Informatik 2009, 2009. URL http://www.kwarc.info/projects/lamapun/ pubs/AST09-LaMaPUn+appendix.pdf.
118. Birte Glimm and Chimezie Ogbuji. SPARQL 1.1 entailment regimes. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), October 2010. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-sparql11-entailment-20101014/.
119. George Goguadze. Metadata for mathematical libraries. Deliverable D3.a, MoWGLI, 2003. URL http://mowgli.cs.unibo.it/misc/deliverables/metadata/D3a- metadata-for-math/math-metadata.pdf.
120. George Goguadze. Metadata model. Deliverable D3.b, MoWGLI, 2003. URL http://mowgli.cs.unibo.it/misc/deliverables/metadata/D3bmetadata- model/metadata-model.pdf.
121. Timothy Gowers and Michael Nielsen. Massively collaborative mathematics. Nature, 461(15):879-881, 2009.
122. Paul Grosso, Eve Maler, Jonathan Marsh, and Norman Walsh. W3C XPointer framework. W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), March 2003. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-xptr-framework-20030325/.
123. Tudor Groza and Siegfried Handschuh. SALT annotation ontology. Technical report, Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI), 2009. URL http://salt.semanticauthoring.org/ontologies/sao.
124. Tudor Groza and Siegfried Handschuh. SALT document ontology. Technical report, Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI), 2009. URL http://salt.semanticauthoring.org/ontologies/sdo.
125. Tudor Groza and Siegfried Handschuh. SALT rhetorical ontology. Technical report, Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI), 2009. URL http://salt.semanticauthoring.org/ontologies/sro.
126. Tudor Groza, Siegfried Handschuh, Knud Möller, and Stefan Decker. SALT - semantically annotated LATEX for scientific publications. In Enrico Franconi, Michael Kifer, and Wolfgang May, editors, The Semantic Web: Research and Applications, number 4519 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 518-532. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007. ISBN 978-3-540-72666-1.
127. Tudor Groza, Knud Möller, Siegfried Handschuh, Diana Trif, and Stefan Decker. SALT: Weaving the claim web. In Karl Aberer, Key-Sun Choi, Natasha Fridman Noy, Dean Allemang, Kyung-Il Lee, Lyndon J. B. Nixon, Jennifer Golbeck, Peter Mika, Diana Maynard, Riichiro Mizoguchi, Guus Schreiber, and Philippe Cudré-Mauroux, editors, ISWC/ASWC, number 4825 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 197-210. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007. ISBN 978-3-540-76297-3.
128. Tudor Groza, Siegfried Handschuh, Tim Clark, Simon Buckingham Shum, and Anita de Waard. A short survey of discourse representation models. In Clark et al. [85]. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-523/.
129. Ferruccio Guidi. Searching and Retrieving in Content-based Repositories of Formal Mathematical Knowledge. PhD thesis, Università di Bologna, 2003.
130. Ferruccio Guidi and Claudio Sacerdoti Coen. Querying distributed digital libraries of mathematics. In Thérèse Hardin and Renaud Rioboo, editors, Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on the Integration of Symbolic Computation and Mechanized Reasoning (Calculemus 2003), pages 17-30, Rome, Italy, September 2003. URL http://www.calculemus.net/meetings/rome03/ Proceedings/final.pdf.
131. Ferruccio Guidi and Irene Schena. A query language for a metadata framework about mathematical resources. In Asperti et al. [48], pages 105-118.
132. Thomas C. Hales, John Harrison, Sean McLaughlin, Tobias Nipkow, Steven Obua, and Roland Zumkeller. A revision of the proof of the Kepler conjecture. Discrete and Computational Geometry, pages 1-34, 2010.
133. Kevin Hammond, Peter Horn, Alexander Konovalov, Steve Linton, Dan Roozemond, Abdallah Al Zain, and Phil Trinder. Easy composition of symbolic computation software: A new lingua franca for symbolic computation. In Proceedings of the 2010 International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation (ISSAC), pages 339-346. ACM Press, 2010.
134. Steve Harris and Andy Seaborne. SPARQL 1.1 query language. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), October 2010. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/ 2010/WD-sparql11-query-20101014/.
135. Olaf Hartig, Hannes Mühleisen, and Johann-Christoph Freytag. Linked data for building a map of researchers. In Bizer et al. [69]. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-449/.
136. Philipp Heim, Steffen Lohmann, and Timo Stegemann. Interactive relationship discovery via the semantic web. In Aroyo et al. [45], pages 303-317.
137. Tom Heath and Christian Bizer. Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space. Morgan & Claypool, San Rafael, CA, 2011. URL http://linkeddatabook.com.
138. Bettina Heintz. Die Innenwelt der Mathematik. Zur Kultur und Praxis einer beweisenden Disziplin. Springer Verlag, Wien, 2000.
139. Ian Hickson. HTML5. A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), May 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-20110525/.
140. IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee. Standard for Learning Object Metadata. Technical Report 1484.12.1, IEEE, 2002.
141. IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee. Standard for Resource Description Framework (RDF) binding for Learning Object Metadata data model. Technical Report 1484.12.4, IEEE, 2002.
142. Prateek Jain, Pascal Hitzler, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma, and Amit P. Sheh. Linked data is merely more data. In Brickley et al. [75].
143. Fairouz Kamareddine, Manuel Maarek, Krzysztof Retel, and J. B. Wells. Narrative structure of mathematical texts. In Manuel Kauers, Manfred Kerber, Robert Miner, and Wolfgang Windsteiger, editors, Towards Mechanized Mathematical Assistants. MKM/Calculemus, number 4573 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 296-312. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2007. ISBN 978-3-540-73083-5.
144. Fairouz Kamareddine, J. B. Wells, and Christoph Zengler. Computerising mathematical text with MathLang. Electron. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci., 205:5-30, 2008. ISSN 1571-0661. URL http://www.cedar-forest.org/forest/papers/drafts/ mathlang-coq-short.pdf.
145. Andrea Kohlhase and Michael Kohlhase. Semantic knowledge management for education. Proceedings of the IEEE; Special Issue on Educational Technology, 96(6):970-989, June 2008. URL http://kwarc.info/kohlhase/papers/semkm4ed.pdf.
146. Andrea Kohlhase and Michael Kohlhase. Spreadsheet interaction with frames: Exploring a mathematical practice. In Carette et al. [83], pages 341-356. ISBN 9783642026133. URL http://kwarc.info/kohlhase/papers/mkm09- framing.pdf.
147. Michael Kohlhase. OMDOC - An open markup format for mathematical documents [Version 1.2]. Number 4180 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, August 2006. URL http://omdoc.org/pubs/omdoc1.2.pdf.
148. Michael Kohlhase. Using LATEX as a Semantic Markup Format. Mathematics in Computer Science, 2(2):279- 304, 2008. URL https://svn.kwarc.info/repos/stex/ doc/mcs08/stex.pdf.
149. Michael Kohlhase. Towards bootstrapping the pragmatic to strict mapping in OMDoc. August 2009. URL https://svn.omdoc.org/repos/omdoc/trunk/doc/blue/p2s- bootstrap/note.pdf.
150. Michael Kohlhase and Ioan Şucan. A search engine for mathematical formulae. In Tetsuo Ida, Jacques Calmet, and Dongming Wang, editors, Proceedings of Artificial Intelligence and Symbolic Computation, AISC'2006, number 4120 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 241-253. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2006. URL http://kwarc.info/kohlhase/papers/aisc06.pdf.
151. Michael Kohlhase, Till Mossakowski, and Florian Rabe. Latin: Logic atlas and integrator. URL http://latin.omdoc.org.
152. Michael Kohlhase, Joe Corneli, Catalin David, Deyan Ginev, Constantin Jucovschi, Andrea Kohlhase, Christoph Lange, Bogdan Matican, Stefan Mirea, and Vyacheslav Zholudev. The Planetary system: Web 3.0 & active documents for STEM. Procedia Computer Science, 4:598-607, 2011. URL https://svn.mathweb.org/ repos/planetary/doc/epc11/paper.pdf. Finalist at the Executable Papers Challenge.
153. Werner Kunz and Horst W. J. Rittel. Issues as elements of information systems. Working paper 131, Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California, Berkeley, July 1970.
154. Imre Lakatos. Proofs and Refutations. Cambridge University Press, 1976.
155. Christoph Lange. Krextor - an extensible XML!RDF extraction framework. In Bizer et al. [69]. URL http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-449/ShortPaper2.pdf.
156. Christoph Lange. wiki.openmath.org - how it works, how you can participate. In James H. Davenport, editor, 22nd OpenMath Workshop, July 2009. URL http://staff.bath.ac.uk/masjhd/OM2009.html.
157. Christoph Lange. Towards OpenMath content dictionaries as linked data. In Michael Kohlhase and Christoph Lange, editors, 23rd OpenMath Workshop, July 2010. URL http://cicm2010.cnam.fr/om/.
158. Christoph Lange. The OMDoc ontology, 2010. URL http://kwarc.info/ projects/docOnto/omdoc.html.
159. Christoph Lange. Krextor - an extensible framework for contributing content math to the web of data. In Davenport et al. [96], pages 304-306. URL http://kwarc.info/clange/pubs/krextor-system.pdf.
160. Christoph Lange. Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web Integration. PhD thesis, Jacobs University Bremen, 2011, number 11 in Studies on the SemanticWeb. AKA Verlag and IOS Press, Heidelberg and Amsterdam, 2011.
161. Christoph Lange and Michael Kohlhase. A mathematical approach to ontology authoring and documentation. In Carette et al. [83], pages 389-404. ISBN 9783642026133. URL http://kwarc.info/kohlhase/papers/mkm09-omdoc4onto.pdf.
162. Christoph Lange, Patrick Ion, Anastasia Dimou, Charalampos Bratsas, Wolfram Sperber, Michael Kohlhase, and Ioannis Antoniou. Getting Mathematics Towards the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject Classification. Submitted to Extended Semantic Web Conference 2012. URL http://kwarc.info/ clange/pubs/eswc2012-msc-skos.pdf.
163. Christoph Lange, Uldis Bojars, Tudor Groza, John Breslin, and Siegfried Handschuh. Expressing argumentative discussions in social media sites. In John Breslin, Uldis Bojars, Alexandre Passant, and Sergio Fernández, editors, Social Data on the Web (SDoW), Workshop at the 7th International Semantic Web Conference, number 405 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, 2008. URL http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-405/paper4.pdf.
164. Christoph Lange, Tuukka Hastrup, and Stéphane Corlosquet. Arguing on issues with mathematical knowledge items in a semantic wiki. In Joachim Baumeister and Martin Atzmüller, editors, Wissens- und Erfahrungsmanagement LWA (Lernen, Wissensentdeckung und Adaptivität) Conference Proceedings, volume 448, October 2008.
165. Christoph Lange et al. Krextor - the KWARC RDF extractor. URL http://kwarc.info/projects/krextor/.
166. Paul Libbrecht. Cross curriculum search through the geoskills ontology. In D. Massart, J.-N. Colin, F. Van Asche, and M. Wolpers, editors, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Search and Exchange of e-le@rning Material (SE@M), located at EC-TEL-2008, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, 2008. CEUR-WS.org. URL http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-385/.
167. Paul Libbrecht. Notations around the world: Census and exploitation. In Autexier et al. [54], pages 398-410. ISBN 3642141277.
168. Paul Libbrecht and Erica Melis. Methods for Access and Retrieval of Mathematical Content in Active- Math. In N. Takayama and A. Iglesias, editors, Proceedings of ICMS-2006, number 4151 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 331-342. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2006. URL http://www.activemath.org/publications/Libbrecht-Melis-Access-and-Retrieval- ActiveMath-ICMS-2006.pdf.
169. William C. Mann and Maite Taboada. Rhetorical structure theory. URL http://www.sfu.ca/rst/.
170. Massimo Marchiori. The mathematical semantic web. In Asperti et al. [48], pages 216-223. Keynote.
171. Jonathan Marsh, Daniel Veillard, and Norman Walsh.xml:id version 1.0. W3C Recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), September 2005. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-xml-id-20050909/.
172. Viviana Mascardi, Valentina Cordì, and Paolo Rosso. A comparison of upper ontologies. In Matteo Baldoni, Antonio Boccalatte, Flavio De Paoli, Maurizio Martelli, and Viviana Mascardi, editors, WOA, pages 55-64. Seneca Edizioni Torino, 2007. ISBN 978-88-6122-061-4.
173. Claudio Masolo, Stefano Borgo, Aldo Gangemi, Nicola Guarino, Alessandro Oltramari, and Luc Schneider. The wonderweb library of foundational ontologies. WonderWeb Deliverable 17, Laboratory for Applied Ontology - ISTC-CNR, May 2003. URL http://wonderweb.semanticweb.org/deliverables/documents/D17.pdf.
174. MathDox. MathDox - interactive mathematics. URL http://www.mathdox.org.
175. Deborah L. McGuinness, Li Ding, Paulo Pinheiro da Silva, and Cyntha Chang. PML 2: A modular explanation interlingua. In Thomas Roth-Berghofer, Stefan Schulz, and David B. Leake, editors, Proceedings of the AAAI Workshop on Explanation-Aware Computing (ExaCt), 2007. URL http://www.aaai.org/Papers/ Workshops/2007/WS-07-06/WS07-06-008.pdf.
176. Erica Melis, Giorgi Goguadze, Paul Libbrecht, and Carsten Ullrich. Culturally adapted mathematics education with ActiveMath. AI & Society, 24(3):251-265, 2009.
177. Paolo Missier, Satya S. Sahoo, Jun Zhao, Carole Goble, and Amit Sheth. Janus: from workflows to semantic provenance and linked open data. In Proceedings of the 3rd Provenance and Annotation Workshop, 2010.
178. MKMNET. MKMNET (Mathematical Knowledge Management Network). URL http://monet.nag.co.uk/mkm/.
179. Monet. MONET - Mathematics on the net. web page at http://monet.nag.co. uk. URL http://monet.nag.co.uk.
180. Till Mossakowski. Hets: the Heterogeneous Tool Set. URL http://www.dfki.de/sks/hets.
181. Till Mossakowski, Christian Maeder, and Klaus Lüttich. The Heterogeneous Tool Set. In Orna Grumberg and Michael Huth, editors, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Anal ysis of Systems TACAS-2007, number 4424 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 519-522, Berlin, Germany, 2007. Springer Verlag.
182. Christine Müller. Adaptation of Mathematical Documents. PhD thesis, Jacobs University Bremen, 2010. URL http://kwarc.info/cmueller/papers/thesis. pdf.
183. Hala Naja-Jazzar, Nishadi de Silva, Hala Skaf-Molli, Charbel Rahhal, and Pascal Molli. OntoReST: A RST-based ontology for enhancing documents content quality in collaborative writing. INFOCOMP Journal of Computer Science, 8(3): 1-10, September 2009.
184. Mikael Nilsson, Andy Powell, Pete Johnston, and Ambjörn Naeve. Expressing Dublin Core metadata using the Resource Description Framework (RDF). DCMI recommendation, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative. URL http://dublincore.org/ documents/2008/01/14/dc-rdf/.
185. Mikael Nilsson, Matthias Palmér, and Jan Brase. The LOM RDF binding - principles and implementation. In 3rd Annual Ariadne Conference, 2003.
186. Tope Omitola, Christos L. Koumenides, Igor O. Popov, Yang Yang, Manuel Salvadores, Martin Szomszor, Tim Berners- Lee, Nicholas Gibbins, Wendy Hall, mc schraefel, and Nigel Shadbolt. Put in your postcode, out comes the data: A case study. In Aroyo et al. [45], pages 318-332.
187. OpenLink Software. OpenLink universal integration middleware - Virtuoso product family. URL http://virtuoso.openlinksw.com.
188. Christian-Emil Ore and Øyvind Eide. TEI and cultural heritage ontologies: Exchange of information? Literary and Linguistic Computing, 24(2):161-172, 2009.
189. Luca Padovani. GtkMathView. URL http://helm.cs.unibo.it/mml-widget/.
190. Luca Padovani and Stefano Zacchiroli. From notation to semantics: There and back again. In Borwein and Farmer [72], pages 194-207.
191. Alexandre Passant, Paolo Ciccarese, John G. Breslin, and Tim Clark. SWAN/SIOC: Aligning scientific discourse representation and social semantics. In Clark et al. [85].
192. PlanetMath.org. PlanetMath.org - math for the people, by the people. URL http://planetmath.org.
193. Judith Plümer. Erinnerungen an Prof. Dr. Schwänzl, 2004. URL http://d-mathnet.preprints.org/research/wissinfo/NachrufRS.html.
194. George Pólya. How to Solve it. Princeton University Press, 1973.
195. Florian Rabe. Representing Logics and Logic Translations. PhD thesis, Jacobs University Bremen, 2008. URL http://kwarc.info/frabe/Research/phdthesis. pdf.
196. Florian Rabe and Michael Kohlhase. A scalable module system. Manuscript, submitted to Information & Computation, 2011. URL http://kwarc.info/frabe/ Research/mmt.pdf.
197. Ricardo Radaelli-Sanchez and Connexions. The intermediate CNXML (Connexions web site). URL http://cnx.org/content/m9006/2.22/.
198. Robert G. Raskin and Michael J. Pan. Knowledge representation in the semantic web for Earth environmental terminology (SWEET). Computers & Geosciences, 31:1119-1125, 2005.
199. Krzysztof Retel. Gradual Computerisation and Verification of Mathematics. PhD thesis, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, April 2009.
200. Andrew Robbins. Semantic MathML. 2009. URL http://straymindcough. blogspot.com/2009/06/semantic-mathml.html.
201. Leo Sauermann and Richard Cyganiak. Cool URIs for the semantic web. W3C Interest Group Note, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), December 2008. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/NOTE-cooluris-20081203/.
202. Irene Schena. Towards a SemanticWeb for Formal Mathematics. PhD thesis, University of Bologna, March 2002. Technical Report UBLCS-2002-6.
203. SCIEnce. The SCIEnce project - Symbolic Computation Infrastructure for Europe. URL http://www.symbolic-computation.org/.
204. François-Paul Servant. Linking enterprise data. In Christian Bizer, Tom Heath, Kingsley Idehen, and Tim Berners- Lee, editors, Linked Data on the Web (LDOW), number 369 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, April 2008. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-369/.
205. John Sheridan and Jeni Tennison. Linking UK government data. In Christian Bizer, Tom Heath, Tim Berners- Lee, and Michael Hausenblas, editors, Linked Data on the Web (LDOW), number 628 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, April 2010. URL http://CEUR-WS.org/Vol-628/.
206. David Shotton and Silvio Peroni. DoCo, the Document Components Ontology. May 2011. URL http://purl.org/spar/doco.
207. Neil J. A. Sloane. The on-line encyclopedia of integer sequences. Notices of the AMS, 50(8):912, 2003.
208. Wolfram Sperber. Math-Net international and the Math-Net page. In Fengshan Bai and Bernd Wegner, editors, Electronic Information and Communication in Mathematics, number 2730 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 169- 177. Springer, 2003.
209. Manu Sporny, Benjamin Adrian, Nathan Rixham, Mark Birbeck, and Ivan Herman. RDFa API. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), April 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-rdfa-api-20110419/.
210. Heinrich Stamerjohanns, Michael Kohlhase, Deyan Ginev, Catalin David, and Bruce Miller. Transforming large collections of scientific publications to XML. Mathematics in Computer Science, 3(3):299-307, 2010. URL http://kwarc.info/ kohlhase/papers/mcs10.pdf.
211. Pradeep Suresh, Shuo-Huan Hsu, Pavan Akkisetty, Gintaras V. Reklaitis, and Venkat Venkatasubramanian. OntoMODEL: Ontological Mathematical Modeling Knowledge Management in Pharmaceutical Product Development, 1: Conceptual Framework. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49(17):7758-7767, 2010.
212. Carlos Tejo-Alonso, Sergio Fernández, Diego Berrueta, Luis Polo, María Jesús Fernández, and Víctor Morlán. eZaragoza, a tourist promotional mashup. In Adrian Giurca, Brigitte Endres-Niggemeyer, Christoph Lange, Lutz Maicher, and Pascal Hitzler, editors, AI Mashup Challenge at ESWC, June 2010. URL http://sites.google.com/a/fh- hannover.de/aimashup/home/ezaragoza.
213. Christoph Tempich, H. Sofia Pinto, York Sure, and Steffen Staab. An argumentation ontology for DIstributed, Looselycontrolled and evolvInG Engineering processes of oNTologies (DILIGENT). In Asunción Gómez-Pérez and Jérôme Euzenat, editors, The Semantic Web: Research and Applications, number 3532 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 241-256. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2005. ISBN 3- 540-26124-9.
214. Christoph Tempich, Elena Simperl, Markus Luczak, Rudi Studer, and H. Sofia Pinto. Argumentation-based ontology engineering. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 22(6):52-59, 2007. ISSN 1541-1672.
215. Jerzy Trzeciak. Writing Mathematical Papers in English. Gda'nskie Wydawnictwo O'swiatowe, 1995.
216. Josef Urban, Jesse Alama, Piotr Rudnicki, and Herman Geuvers. A wiki for Mizar: Motivation, considerations, and initial prototype. In Autexier et al. [54], pages 455-469. ISBN 3642141277.
217. Josef Urban. Content-based encoding of mathematical and code libraries. In Christoph Lange and Josef Urban, editors, ITP Workshop on Mathematical Wikis (MathWikis), number 767 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, 2011, pages 49-53. URL http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-767/paper-09.pdf.
218. Denny Vrandečić, Markus Krötzsch, Sebastian Rudolph, and Uta Lösch. Leveraging non-lexical knowledge for the Linked Open Data Web. In Rodolphe Héliot and Antoine Zimmermann, editors, The Fifth RAFT, the yearly bilingual publication on nonchalant research, 2010. URL http://km.aifb.kit.edu/projects/numbers/linked-open-numbers.pdf.
219. Denny Vrandečić, Christoph Lange, Michael Hausenblas, Jie Bao, and Li Ding. Semantics of governmental statistics data. In Proceedings of WebSci'10: Extending the Frontiers of Society On-Line. Web Science Trust, 2010. URL http://journal.webscience.org/400/.
220. NormanWalsh. The DocBook schema. Committee specification, OASIS, August 2008. URL http://www.docbook.org/specs/docbook-5.0-spec-cs-01.html.
221. Norman Walsh and Leonard Muellner. DocBook 5.0: The Definitive Guide. O'Reilly, 2008.
222. Makarius Wenzel, Clemens Ballarin, Stefan Berghofer, Timothy Bourke, Lucas Dixon, Florian Haftmann, Gerwin Klein, Alexander Krauss, Tobias Nipkow, David von Oheimb, Larry Paulson, and Sebastian Skalberg. The Isabelle/Isar Reference Manual. URL http://isabelle.in.tum.de/doc/isar-ref.pdf.
223. Freek Wiedijk. Statistics on digital libraries of mathematics. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 18(31), 2009.
224. Wikipedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. URL http://www.wikipedia. org.
225. Wikipedia: Knowledge management. Knowledge management, December 2009. URL http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Knowledge-management&oldid= 329227520.
226. Wikipedia: Linus' Law. Linus' Law, March 2011. URL http://en.wikipedia. org/w/index.php? title=Linus%27-Law&oldid=421629750.
227. Wikipedia: Mathematics. Portal: Mathematics, December 2009. URL http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mathematics&oldid= 329137789.
228. Wikipedia: Open Notebook Science. Open Notebook Science, July 2010. URL http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Open-Notebook- Science&oldid= 372235042.
229. Wikipedia: Pythagorean theorem. Pythagorean theorem, November 2009. URL http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pythagorean- theorem&oldid= 328597679.
230. Gregory Todd Williams. SPARQL 1.1 Service Description. W3C Working Draft, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), May 2011. URL http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD- sparql11-service-description-20110512/.
231. Stefano Zacchiroli. User Interaction Widgets for Interactive Theorem Proving. PhD thesis, Università di Bologna, 2007.
232. Jürgen Zimmer. MathServe - A Framework for Semantic Reasoning Services. PhD thesis, Universität des Saarlandes, July 2008.
233. Antoine Zimmermann. Ontology recommendations for the data publishers. In Mathieu d'Aquin, Alexander García Castro, Christoph Lange, and Kim Viljanen, editors, 1st Workshop on Ontology Repositories and Editors, number 596 in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Aachen, 2010. URL http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-596/.
234. Claus Zinn. Understanding Informal Mathematical Discourse. PhD thesis, Technischen Fakultät der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2004.