3D simulations of the impact of two-phase flow on PEM fuel cell performance

Chemical Engineering Science

Volumn 100, Issue , 2013, Pages 445-455

  Ding, Yulong ^a,b   Bi, Xiaotao ^a,b   Wilkinson, David P ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b Clean Energy Research Centre   (Canada)

Author keywords

Electrochemistry; Fluid mechanics; Mathematical modeling; Multiphase flow; PEM fuel cell; VOF method

Indexed keywords

ELECTROCHEMISTRY; FLOW OF GASES; FLOW RATE; FLUID MECHANICS; HYDROPHOBICITY; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MULTIPHASE FLOW; PRESSURE DROP; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFC); THREE DIMENSIONAL; TWO PHASE FLOW;

FUEL CELL OPERATION; FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE; MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES; PEM FUEL CELL; SINGLE-PHASE FLOW; SURFACE WETTABILITY; TWO-PHASE FLOW PATTERNS; VOF METHOD;

FLOW PATTERNS;

EID: 84880697845     PISSN: 00092509     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.11.007     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Anderson R., Wilkinson D.P., Bi X.T., Zhang L.F. Two-phase flow pressure drop hysteresis in parallel channels of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2010, 195:4168-4176.
2. Anderson R., Zhang L., Ding Y., Blanco M., Bi X., Wilkinson D.P. A critical review of two-phase flow in gas flow channels of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2010, 195:4531-4553.
3. Bazylak A. Liquid water visualization in PEM fuel cells: a review. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34:3845-3857.
4. Bazylak A., Sinton D., Djilali N. Dynamic water transport and droplet emergence in PEMFC gas diffusion layers. J. Power Sources 2008, 176:240-246.
5. Berg P., Promislow K., St.Pierre J., Stumper J., Wetton B. Water management in PEM fuel cells. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2004, 151. A341-A353-A341-A353.
6. Bernardi D.M., Verbrugge M.W. Mathematical model of a gas diffusion electrode bonded to a polymer electrolyte. AIChE J. 1991, 37:1151-1163.
7. Brackbill J.U., Kothe D.B., Zemach C. A continuum method for modeling surface tension. J. Comput. Phys. 1992, 100:335-354.
8. Cai Y.H., Hu J., Ma H.P., Yi B.L., Zhang H.M. Effects of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties on the water behavior in the micro-channels of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2006, 161:843-848.
9. Cheddie D.F., Munroe N.D.H. Semi-analytical proton exchange membrane fuel cell modeling. J. Power Sources 2008, 183:164-173.
10. Ding Y., Bi H.T., Wilkinson D.P. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of water droplet emerging from a gas diffusion layer surface in micro-channels. J. Power Sources 2010, 195:7278-7288.
11. Ding Y., Bi H.T., Wilkinson D.P. Three dimensional numerical simulation of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns in a polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells gas flow channel. J. Power Sources 2011, 196:6284-6292.
12. Dunbar Z.W., Masel R.I. Magnetic resonance imaging investigation of water accumulation and transport in graphite flow fields in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell: do defects control transport?. J. Power Sources 2008, 182:76-82.
13. Fang C., Hidrovo C., Wang F.-m., Eaton J., Goodson K. 3-D numerical simulation of contact angle hysteresis for microscale two phase flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2008, 34:690-705.
14. Hussaini I.S., Wang C.-Y. Visualization and quantification of cathode channel flooding in PEM fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2009, 187:444-451.
15. Jiao K., Zhou B., Quan P. Liquid water transport in parallel serpentine channels with manifolds on cathode side of a PEM fuel cell stack. J. Power Sources 2006, 154:124-137.
16. Jiao K., Zhou B., Quan P. Liquid water transport in straight micro-parallel-channels with manifolds for PEM fuel cell cathode. J. Power Sources 2006, 157:226-243.
17. Kim G.-S., Sui P.C., Shah A.A., Djilali N. Reduced-dimensional models for straight-channel proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2010, 195:3240-3249.
18. Le A.D., Zhou B. A general model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2008, 182:197-222.
19. Le A.D., Zhou B. Fundamental understanding of liquid water effects on the performance of a PEMFC with serpentine-parallel channels. Electrochim. Acta 2009, 54:2137-2154.
20. Le A.D., Zhou B. A generalized numerical model for liquid water in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with interdigitated design. J. Power Sources 2009, 193:665-683.
21. Le A.D., Zhou B., Shiu H.-R., Lee C.-I., Chang W.-C. Numerical simulation and experimental validation of liquid water behaviors in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode with serpentine channels. J. Power Sources 2010, 195:7302-7315.
22. Liu X., Guo H., Ye F., Ma C.F. Flow dynamic characteristics in flow field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33:1040-1051.
23. Lu Z., Kandlikar S.G., Rath C., Grimm M., Domigan W., White A.D., Hardbarger M., Owejan J.P., Trabold T.A. Water management studies in PEM fuel cells, Part II: Ex situ investigation of flow maldistribution, pressure drop and two-phase flow pattern in gas channels. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34:3445-3456.
24. Quan P., Lai M.C. Numerical study of water management in the air flow channel of a PEM fuel cell cathode. J. Power Sources 2007, 164:222-237.
25. Quan P., Zhou B., Sobiesiak A., Liu Z. Water behavior in serpentine micro-channel for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode. J. Power Sources 2005, 152:131-145.
26. Shirani E., Masoomi S. Deformation of a droplet in a channel flow. J. Fuel Cell Sci. Technol. 2008, 5. 041008-041008.
27. Springer T.E. Polymer electrolyte fuel cell model. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1991, 138. 2334-2334.
28. Theodorakakos A., Ous T., Gavaises A., Nouri J.M., Nikolopoulos N., Yanagihara H. Dynamics of water droplets detached from porous surfaces of relevance to PEM fuel cells. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006, 300:673-687.
29. Theodorakakos A., Ous T., Gavaises M., Nouri J.M., Nikolopoulos N., Yanagihara H. Dynamics of water droplets detached from porous surfaces of relevance to PEM fuel cells. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006, 300:673-687.
30. Tüber K., Pócza D., Hebling C. Visualization of water buildup in the cathode of a transparent PEM fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2003, 124:403-414.
31. Weber A.Z., Newman J. Modeling transport in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells. Chem. Rev. (Washington, DC, United States) 2004, 104:4679-4726.
32. Youngs D.L. Time-dependent multi-material flow with large fluid distortion. Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics 1982, Academic Press. K.W. Morton, M.J. Baines (Eds.).
33. Zhan Z., Xiao J., Pan M., Yuan R. Characteristics of droplet and film water motion in the flow channels of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2006, 160:1-9.
34. Zhu X., Sui P.C., Djilali N. Dynamic behaviour of liquid water emerging from a GDL pore into a PEMFC gas flow channel. J. Power Sources 2007, 172:287-295.
35. Zhu X., Sui P.C., Djilali N. Numerical simulation of emergence of a water droplet from a pore into a microchannel gas stream. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2008, 4:543-555.
36. Zhu X., Sui P.C., Djilali N. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of water droplet dynamics in a PEMFC gas channel. J. Power Sources 2008, 181:101-115.