메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 142-151

Use of antiretrovirals for HIV prevention: What do we know and what don't we know?

Author keywords

Antiretroviral medications; Chemoprophylaxis; Global epidemic; HIV prevention; HIV AIDS; Pre exposure prophylaxis (PrEP); Sexual HIV transmission

Indexed keywords

EMTRICITABINE PLUS TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL;

EID: 84880246959     PISSN: 15483568     EISSN: 15483576     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11904-013-0157-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 34247600748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrative review: Antiretroviral therapy to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1
    • 17438318 10.7326/0003-4819-146-8-200704170-00010
    • Cohen MS, Gay C, Kashuba AD, Blower S, Paxton L. Narrative review: antiretroviral therapy to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:591-601.
    • (2007) Ann Intern Med , vol.146 , pp. 591-601
    • Cohen, M.S.1    Gay, C.2    Kashuba, A.D.3    Blower, S.4    Paxton, L.5
  • 2
    • 84871947767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic and topical drugs for the prevention of HIV infection: Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis
    • Baeten J, Celum C. Systemic and topical drugs for the prevention of HIV infection: antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis. Annu Rev Med. 2012;27:27.
    • (2012) Annu Rev Med , vol.27 , pp. 27
    • Baeten, J.1    Celum, C.2
  • 3
    • 80051633217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy
    • 21767103 10.1056/NEJMoa1105243 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtVars7jF This randomized clinical trial provided definitive evidence that use of antiretroviral treatment by HIV-infected persons reduces the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partner. Use of antiretroviral medications for treatment of HIV infected persons to reduce infectiousness and PrEP for HIV uninfected persons to reduce susceptibility are complementary prevention strategies
    • •• Cohen MS, Chen YQ, McCauley M, Gamble T, Hosseinipour MC, et al. Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:493-505. This randomized clinical trial provided definitive evidence that use of antiretroviral treatment by HIV-infected persons reduces the risk of HIV transmission to sexual partner. Use of antiretroviral medications for treatment of HIV infected persons to reduce infectiousness and PrEP for HIV uninfected persons to reduce susceptibility are complementary prevention strategies.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 493-505
    • Cohen, M.S.1    Chen, Y.Q.2    McCauley, M.3    Gamble, T.4    Hosseinipour, M.C.5
  • 4
    • 77953293984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission after initiation of antiretroviral therapy: A prospective cohort analysis
    • 20537376 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60705-2
    • Donnell D, Baeten JM, Kiarie J, Thomas KK, Stevens W, et al. Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission after initiation of antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort analysis. Lancet. 2010;375:2092-8.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 2092-2098
    • Donnell, D.1    Baeten, J.M.2    Kiarie, J.3    Thomas, K.K.4    Stevens, W.5
  • 5
    • 84864505868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women
    • 22784037 10.1056/NEJMoa1108524 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtlSltrbK This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that oral PrEP using daily oral FTC/TDF and daily oral TDF alon, was efficacious for prevention of HIV acquisition in both heterosexual men and women who were in HIV serodiscordant partnerships
    • •• Baeten JM, Donnell D, Ndase P, Mugo NR, Campbell JD, et al. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:399-410. This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that oral PrEP using daily oral FTC/TDF and daily oral TDF alon, was efficacious for prevention of HIV acquisition in both heterosexual men and women who were in HIV serodiscordant partnerships.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 399-410
    • Baeten, J.M.1    Donnell, D.2    Ndase, P.3    Mugo, N.R.4    Campbell, J.D.5
  • 6
    • 78650549662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men
    • 21091279 10.1056/NEJMoa1011205 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXit1ansg%3D%3D This randomized clincal trial demonstrated that oral PrEP, using daily oral FTC/TDF, was efficacious for prevention of HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men
    • •• Grant RM, Lama JR, Anderson PL, McMahan V, Liu AY, et al. Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2587-99. This randomized clincal trial demonstrated that oral PrEP, using daily oral FTC/TDF, was efficacious for prevention of HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.363 , pp. 2587-2599
    • Grant, R.M.1    Lama, J.R.2    Anderson, P.L.3    McMahan, V.4    Liu, A.Y.5
  • 7
    • 84864527306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis for heterosexual HIV transmission in Botswana
    • 22784038 10.1056/NEJMoa1110711 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtlSltrbE This randomized clinical trial provides additional evidence of the efficacy FTC/TDF PrEP for HIV prevention among heterosexuals
    • •• Thigpen MC, Kebaabetswe PM, Paxton LA, Smith DK, Rose CE, et al. Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis for heterosexual HIV transmission in Botswana. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:423-34. This randomized clinical trial provides additional evidence of the efficacy FTC/TDF PrEP for HIV prevention among heterosexuals.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 423-434
    • Thigpen, M.C.1    Kebaabetswe, P.M.2    Paxton, L.A.3    Smith, D.K.4    Rose, C.E.5
  • 10
    • 25844446513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviors from a nationally representative household survey
    • 16135907 10.1097/01.aids.0000183129.16830.06
    • Pettifor AE, Rees HV, Kleinschmidt I, Steffenson AE, MacPhail C, et al. Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviors from a nationally representative household survey. AIDS. 2005;19:1525-34.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1525-1534
    • Pettifor, A.E.1    Rees, H.V.2    Kleinschmidt, I.3    Steffenson, A.E.4    Macphail, C.5
  • 11
    • 45849144087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New heterosexually transmitted HIV infections in married or cohabitating couples in urban Zambia and Rwanda: An analysis of survey and clinical data
    • 18586173 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60953-8
    • Dunkle KL, Stephenson R, Karita E, Chomba E, Kayitenkore K, et al. New heterosexually transmitted HIV infections in married or cohabitating couples in urban Zambia and Rwanda: an analysis of survey and clinical data. Lancet. 2008;371:2183-91.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.371 , pp. 2183-2191
    • Dunkle, K.L.1    Stephenson, R.2    Karita, E.3    Chomba, E.4    Kayitenkore, K.5
  • 13
    • 38049087576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated risk for HIV infection among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries 2000-2006: A systematic review
    • 18052602 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040339
    • Baral S, Sifakis F, Cleghorn F, Beyrer C. Elevated risk for HIV infection among men who have sex with men in low- and middle-income countries 2000-2006: a systematic review. PLoS Med. 2007;4:e339.
    • (2007) PLoS Med , vol.4 , pp. 339
    • Baral, S.1    Sifakis, F.2    Cleghorn, F.3    Beyrer, C.4
  • 14
    • 46949108668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended antiretroviral prophylaxis to reduce breast-milk HIV-1 transmission
    • 18525035 10.1056/NEJMoa0801941 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVKht7zF
    • Kumwenda NI, Hoover DR, Mofenson LM, Thigpen MC, Kafulafula G, et al. Extended antiretroviral prophylaxis to reduce breast-milk HIV-1 transmission. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:119-29.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 119-129
    • Kumwenda, N.I.1    Hoover, D.R.2    Mofenson, L.M.3    Thigpen, M.C.4    Kafulafula, G.5
  • 15
    • 77953727886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protecting the next generation-eliminating perinatal HIV-1 infection
    • 20554987 10.1056/NEJMe1004406 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnvVakurg%3D
    • Mofenson LM. Protecting the next generation-eliminating perinatal HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:2316-8.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 2316-2318
    • Mofenson, L.M.1
  • 16
    • 0028003766 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group
    • 7935654 10.1056/NEJM199411033311801 1:STN:280:DyaK2M%2FitFGmuw%3D%3D
    • Connor EM, Sperling RS, Gelber R, Kiselev P, Scott G, et al. Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1173-80.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Connor, E.M.1    Sperling, R.S.2    Gelber, R.3    Kiselev, P.4    Scott, G.5
  • 17
    • 0033523454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial
    • 10485720 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmt1Kqt7c%3D
    • Guay LA, Musoke P, Fleming T, Bagenda D, Allen M, et al. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;354:795-802.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 795-802
    • Guay, L.A.1    Musoke, P.2    Fleming, T.3    Bagenda, D.4    Allen, M.5
  • 18
    • 39849100140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of rectal SHIV transmission in macaques by daily or intermittent prophylaxis with emtricitabine and tenofovir
    • 18254653 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050028
    • Garcia-Lerma JG, Otten RA, Qari SH, Jackson E, Cong ME, et al. Prevention of rectal SHIV transmission in macaques by daily or intermittent prophylaxis with emtricitabine and tenofovir. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e28.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5 , pp. 28
    • Garcia-Lerma, J.G.1    Otten, R.A.2    Qari, S.H.3    Jackson, E.4    Cong, M.E.5
  • 19
    • 0028791836 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of SIV infection in macaques by (R)-9-(2- phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine
    • 7502044 10.1126/science.270.5239.1197 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpsVyktLY%3D
    • Tsai CC, Follis KE, Sabo A, Beck TW, Grant RF, et al. Prevention of SIV infection in macaques by (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine. Science. 1995;270:1197-9.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1197-1199
    • Tsai, C.C.1    Follis, K.E.2    Sabo, A.3    Beck, T.W.4    Grant, R.F.5
  • 20
    • 77952986105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent prophylaxis with oral truvada protects macaques from rectal SHIV infection
    • 20371467 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000391
    • Garcia-Lerma JG, Cong ME, Mitchell J, Youngpairoj AS, Zheng Q, et al. Intermittent prophylaxis with oral truvada protects macaques from rectal SHIV infection. Sci Transl Med. 2010;2:14ra4.
    • (2010) Sci Transl Med , vol.2
    • Garcia-Lerma, J.G.1    Cong, M.E.2    Mitchell, J.3    Youngpairoj, A.S.4    Zheng, Q.5
  • 21
    • 70349736171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete protection from repeated vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus exposures in macaques by a topical gel containing tenofovir alone or with emtricitabine
    • 19656878 10.1128/JVI.01073-09 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlClsbjE
    • Parikh UM, Dobard C, Sharma S, Cong ME, Jia H, et al. Complete protection from repeated vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus exposures in macaques by a topical gel containing tenofovir alone or with emtricitabine. J Virol. 2009;83:10358-65.
    • (2009) J Virol , vol.83 , pp. 10358-10365
    • Parikh, U.M.1    Dobard, C.2    Sharma, S.3    Cong, M.E.4    Jia, H.5
  • 22
    • 33748988204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoprophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate provided partial protection against infection with simian human immunodeficiency virus in macaques given multiple virus challenges
    • 16960777 10.1086/507306 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFSgt7zO
    • Subbarao S, Otten RA, Ramos A, Kim C, Jackson E, et al. Chemoprophylaxis with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate provided partial protection against infection with simian human immunodeficiency virus in macaques given multiple virus challenges. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:904-11.
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.194 , pp. 904-911
    • Subbarao, S.1    Otten, R.A.2    Ramos, A.3    Kim, C.4    Jackson, E.5
  • 23
    • 84868502768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical pharmacology of antiretrovirals for HIV prevention
    • 22964888 10.1097/COH.0b013e32835847ae 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXis1Wlsrg%3D This recent article comprehensively reviews the clinical pharmacology of PrEP for HIV prevention
    • • Hendrix CW. The clinical pharmacology of antiretrovirals for HIV prevention. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2012;7:498-504. This recent article comprehensively reviews the clinical pharmacology of PrEP for HIV prevention.
    • (2012) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 498-504
    • Hendrix, C.W.1
  • 24
    • 84857147197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: How to predict success
    • Kashuba AD, Patterson KB, Dumond JB, Cohen MS. Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: how to predict success. Lancet. 2011;6:6.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.6 , pp. 6
    • Kashuba, A.D.1    Patterson, K.B.2    Dumond, J.B.3    Cohen, M.S.4
  • 25
    • 83155177076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of tenofovir and emtricitabine in mucosal tissues: Implications for prevention of HIV-1 transmission
    • 22158861 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003174
    • Patterson KB, Prince HA, Kraft E, Jenkins AJ, Shaheen NJ, et al. Penetration of tenofovir and emtricitabine in mucosal tissues: implications for prevention of HIV-1 transmission. Sci Transl Med. 2011;3:112re4.
    • (2011) Sci Transl Med , vol.3
    • Patterson, K.B.1    Prince, H.A.2    Kraft, E.3    Jenkins, A.J.4    Shaheen, N.J.5
  • 26
    • 79960372412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug concentrations after topical and oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis: Implications for HIV prevention in women
    • 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60878-7 This report details the relationship between tenofovir exposure and HIV protection in the CAPRISA 004 study
    • • Abdool Karim SS, Kashuba AD, Werner L, Abdool Karim QA. Drug concentrations after topical and oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis: implications for HIV prevention in women. Lancet. 2011;378:279-81. This report details the relationship between tenofovir exposure and HIV protection in the CAPRISA 004 study.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.378 , pp. 279-281
    • Abdool Karim, S.S.1    Kashuba, A.D.2    Werner, L.3    Abdool Karim, Q.A.4
  • 27
    • 77955930318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women
    • 20643915 10.1126/science.1193748 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtV2hsr%2FI This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that 1 % tenofovir vaginal gel, when used with coitus, reduced HIV risk in South African women
    • •• Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS, Frohlich JA, Grobler AC, Baxter C, et al. Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV infection in women. Science. 2010;329:1168-74. This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that 1 % tenofovir vaginal gel, when used with coitus, reduced HIV risk in South African women.
    • (2010) Science , vol.329 , pp. 1168-1174
    • Abdool Karim, Q.1    Abdool Karim, S.S.2    Frohlich, J.A.3    Grobler, A.C.4    Baxter, C.5
  • 28
    • 0025248466 scopus 로고
    • HIV prevention: The need for methods women can use
    • 2316768 10.2105/AJPH.80.4.460 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7ps1ChsQ%3D%3D
    • Stein ZA. HIV prevention: the need for methods women can use. Am J Public Health. 1990;80:460-2.
    • (1990) Am J Public Health , vol.80 , pp. 460-462
    • Stein, Z.A.1
  • 29
    • 80053589498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of HIV-1 serodiscordant couples enrolled in a clinical trial of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention
    • 21998703 10.1371/journal.pone.0025828 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtlOlurzK
    • Mujugira A, Baeten JM, Donnell D, Ndase P, Mugo NR, et al. Characteristics of HIV-1 serodiscordant couples enrolled in a clinical trial of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention. PLoS One. 2011;6:e25828.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , pp. 25828
    • Mujugira, A.1    Baeten, J.M.2    Donnell, D.3    Ndase, P.4    Mugo, N.R.5
  • 30
    • 83955164274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral prophylaxis: A defining moment in HIV control
    • 21771566 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61136-7 This commentary succinctly presents the importance of PrEP trials for HIV prevention
    • • Karim SS, Karim QA. Antiretroviral prophylaxis: a defining moment in HIV control. Lancet. 2011;378:e23-5. This commentary succinctly presents the importance of PrEP trials for HIV prevention.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.378
    • Karim, S.S.1    Karim, Q.A.2
  • 31
    • 84860014826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the divergent results of pre-exposure prophylaxis trials for HIV prevention
    • 22333749 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283522272 This review article summarizes possible hypotheses for divergent PrEP trial results
    • • van der Straten A, Van Damme L, Haberer JE, Bangsberg DR. Unraveling the divergent results of pre-exposure prophylaxis trials for HIV prevention. AIDS. 2012;26:F13-9. This review article summarizes possible hypotheses for divergent PrEP trial results.
    • (2012) AIDS , vol.26
    • Van Der Straten, A.1    Van Damme, L.2    Haberer, J.E.3    Bangsberg, D.R.4
  • 32
    • 84864507852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women
    • 22784040 10.1056/NEJMoa1202614 This randomized clinical trial among women from Kenya, South Africa, and Tanzania failed to demonstration HIV protection using emtricitabine/tenofovir oral PrEP, likely as a result of low PrEP use
    • •• Van Damme L, Corneli A, Ahmed K, Agot K, Lombaard J, et al. Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:411-22. This randomized clinical trial among women from Kenya, South Africa, and Tanzania failed to demonstration HIV protection using emtricitabine/tenofovir oral PrEP, likely as a result of low PrEP use.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 411-422
    • Van Damme, L.1    Corneli, A.2    Ahmed, K.3    Agot, K.4    Lombaard, J.5
  • 33
    • 84871878311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
    • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). NIH modifies 'VOICE' HIV prevention study in women. 2011. http://www.nih.gov/news/ health/sep2011/niaid-28.htm.
    • (2011) NIH Modifies 'Voice' HIV Prevention Study in Women
  • 35
    • 80053232795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enrollment characteristics and risk behaviors of injection drug users participating in the Bangkok Tenofovir Study, Thailand
    • 21969870 10.1371/journal.pone.0025127 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtlCmtr3N
    • Martin M, Vanichseni S, Suntharasamai P, Sangkum U, Chuachoowong R, et al. Enrollment characteristics and risk behaviors of injection drug users participating in the Bangkok Tenofovir Study, Thailand. PLoS One. 2011;6:e25127.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , pp. 25127
    • Martin, M.1    Vanichseni, S.2    Suntharasamai, P.3    Sangkum, U.4    Chuachoowong, R.5
  • 36
    • 84883052310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The IPERGAY Study
    • The IPERGAY Study. 2012. http://www.ipergay.fr/.
    • (2012)
  • 37
    • 84866283847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emtricitabine-tenofovir concentrations and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacy in men who have sex with men
    • 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004006 This recent article details the relationship between PrEP blood concentrations and HIV protection in the iPrEx study
    • • Anderson PL, Glidden DV, Liu A, Buchbinder S, Lama JR, et al. Emtricitabine-tenofovir concentrations and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacy in men who have sex with men. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4:151ra25. This recent article details the relationship between PrEP blood concentrations and HIV protection in the iPrEx study.
    • (2012) Sci Transl Med , vol.4
    • Anderson, P.L.1    Glidden, D.V.2    Liu, A.3    Buchbinder, S.4    Lama, J.R.5
  • 44
    • 84868455990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adherence to preexposure chemoprophylaxis: The behavioral bridge from efficacy to effectiveness
    • 22964887 10.1097/COH.0b013e3283582d4a This review article addresses key challenges in adherence to PrEP
    • • Amico KR. Adherence to preexposure chemoprophylaxis: the behavioral bridge from efficacy to effectiveness. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2012;7:542-8. This review article addresses key challenges in adherence to PrEP.
    • (2012) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.7 , pp. 542-548
    • Amico, K.R.1
  • 45
    • 77955349669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periconception pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV transmission: Benefits, risks, and challenges to implementation
    • 20679759 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833bedeb
    • Matthews LT, Baeten JM, Celum C, Bangsberg DR. Periconception pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV transmission: benefits, risks, and challenges to implementation. AIDS. 2010;24:1975-82.
    • (2010) AIDS , vol.24 , pp. 1975-1982
    • Matthews, L.T.1    Baeten, J.M.2    Celum, C.3    Bangsberg, D.R.4
  • 46
    • 84865779923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and adherence to intermittent pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV-1 in African men who have sex with men and female sex workers
    • 22511916 10.1371/journal.pone.0033103 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xmt1ejtL4%3D
    • Mutua G, Sanders E, Mugo P, Anzala O, Haberer JE, et al. Safety and adherence to intermittent pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV-1 in African men who have sex with men and female sex workers. PLoS One. 2012;7:e33103.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. 33103
    • Mutua, G.1    Sanders, E.2    Mugo, P.3    Anzala, O.4    Haberer, J.E.5
  • 48
    • 84868153362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Food and Drug Administration US FDA approval of a label indication for FTC/TDF as PrEP for HIV prevention
    • • U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves first drug for reducing the risk of sexually acquired HIV infection. 2012. http://www.fda.gov/ NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm312210.htm. US FDA approval of a label indication for FTC/TDF as PrEP for HIV prevention.
    • (2012) FDA Approves First Drug for Reducing the Risk of Sexually Acquired HIV Infection
  • 49
    • 84883053289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance on pre-exposure oral prophylaxis (PrEP) for serodiscordant couples, men and transgender women who have sex with men at high risk of HIV: Recommendation for use in the context of demonstration projects, World Health Organization, Geneva
    • World Health Organization
    • • World Health Organization. Guidance on pre-exposure oral prophylaxis (PrEP) for serodiscordant couples, men and transgender women who have sex with men at high risk of HIV: recommendation for use in the context of demonstration projects, World Health Organization, Geneva. 2012. WHO guidance on next steps for implementing PrEP for HIV prevention.
    • (2012) WHO Guidance on Next Steps for Implementing PrEP for HIV Prevention
  • 50
    • 84864996766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interim guidance for clinicians considering the use of preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in heterosexually active adults
    • US CDC guidance on prescribing PrEP for HIV prevention in heterosexuals
    • • Interim guidance for clinicians considering the use of preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in heterosexually active adults. MMWR. 2012;61:586-9. US CDC guidance on prescribing PrEP for HIV prevention in heterosexuals.
    • (2012) MMWR , vol.61 , pp. 586-589
  • 51
    • 79251646972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interim guidance: Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in men who have sex with men
    • US CDC guidance on prescribing PrEP for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men
    • • Interim guidance: preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in men who have sex with men. MMWR. 2011;60:65-8. US CDC guidance on prescribing PrEP for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men.
    • (2011) MMWR , vol.60 , pp. 65-68
  • 52
    • 82455205791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal uses of antiretrovirals for prevention in HIV-1 serodiscordant heterosexual couples in South Africa: A modelling study
    • 22110407 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001123
    • Hallett TB, Baeten JM, Heffron R, Barnabas R, de Bruyn G, et al. Optimal uses of antiretrovirals for prevention in HIV-1 serodiscordant heterosexual couples in South Africa: a modelling study. PLoS Med. 2011;8:e1001123.
    • (2011) PLoS Med , vol.8 , pp. 1001123
    • Hallett, T.B.1    Baeten, J.M.2    Heffron, R.3    Barnabas, R.4    De Bruyn, G.5
  • 53
    • 84859771317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost-effectiveness of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in the United States in men who have sex with men
    • 22508731 10.7326/0003-4819-156-8-201204170-00004
    • Juusola JL, Brandeau ML, Owens DK, Bendavid E. The cost-effectiveness of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in the United States in men who have sex with men. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:541-50.
    • (2012) Ann Intern Med , vol.156 , pp. 541-550
    • Juusola, J.L.1    Brandeau, M.L.2    Owens, D.K.3    Bendavid, E.4
  • 54
    • 84860247184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection in South African women
    • 22474224 10.1093/cid/cis225
    • Walensky RP, Park JE, Wood R, Freedberg KA, Scott CA, et al. The cost-effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection in South African women. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54:1504-13.
    • (2012) Clin Infect Dis , vol.54 , pp. 1504-1513
    • Walensky, R.P.1    Park, J.E.2    Wood, R.3    Freedberg, K.A.4    Scott, C.A.5
  • 55
    • 79960372412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug concentrations after topical and oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis: Implications for HIV prevention in women
    • 21763939 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60878-7
    • Karim SS, Kashuba AD, Werner L, Karim QA. Drug concentrations after topical and oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis: implications for HIV prevention in women. Lancet. 2011;378:279-81.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.378 , pp. 279-281
    • Karim, S.S.1    Kashuba, A.D.2    Werner, L.3    Karim, Q.A.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.