Chiral spin torque at magnetic domain walls

Nature Nanotechnology

Volumn 8, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 527-533

  Ryu, Kwang Su ^a   Thomas, Luc ^b   Yang, See Hun ^a   Parkin, Stuart ^a  

^a IBM ALMADEN RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b TDK CORPORATION   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOMAIN WALLS; MAGNETIC DEVICES; MAGNETIC FIELDS; MAGNETIZATION; NANOWIRES; ULTRATHIN FILMS;

DOMAIN WALL MOTION; DZYALOSHINSKII-MORIYA INTERACTION; INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELD; SPIN HALL CURRENTS; SPIN ORBIT INTERACTIONS; SPIN POLARIZED CURRENTS; SPIN TRANSFER TORQUE; ULTRA THIN MAGNETIC FILMS;

MAGNETIC DOMAINS;

COBALT; NANOWIRE; NICKEL; PLATINUM;

ACCELERATION; ANISOTROPY; ARTICLE; CHEMICAL INTERACTION; CHIRALITY; DENSITY; DYNAMICS; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; MAGNETIC FIELD; MICROSCOPY; MOTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TORQUE; VELOCITY;

EID: 84880210903     PISSN: 17483387     EISSN: 17483395     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.102     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Parkin, S. S. P., Hayashi, M. & Thomas, L. Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory. Science 320, 190-194 (2008).
2. Berger, L. Exchange interaction between ferromagnetic domain wall and electric current in very thin metallic films. J. Appl. Phys. 55, 1954-1956 (1984).
3. Berger, L. Possible existence of a Josephson effect in ferromagnets. Phys. Rev. B 33, 1572-1578 (1986).
4. Slonczewski, J. Current driven excitation of magnetic multilayers. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 159, L1-L7 (1996).
5. Kim, K-J. et al. Electric control of multiple domain walls in Pt/Co/Pt nanotrack with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Appl. Phys. Express 3, 083001 (2010).
6. Miron, I. M. et al. Fast current-induced domain-wall motion controlled by the Rashba effect. Nature Mater. 10, 419-423 (2011).
7. Ryu, K-S., Thomas, L., Yang, S-H. & Parkin, S. S. P. Current induced tilting of domain walls in high velocity motion along perpendicularly magnetized micron-sized Co/Ni/Co racetracks. Appl. Phys. Express 5, 093006 (2012).
8. Miron, I. M. et al. Current-driven spin torque induced by the Rashba effect in a ferromagnetic metal layer. Nature Mater. 9, 230-234 (2010).
9. Miron, I. M. et al. Perpendicular switching of a single ferromagnetic layer induced by in-plane current injection. Nature 476, 189-193 (2011).
10. Kim, K-W., Seo, S-M., Ryu, J., Lee, K-J. & Lee, H-W. Magnetization dynamics induced by in-plane currents in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Phys. Rev. B 85, 180404 (2012).
11. Liu, L., Lee, O. J., Gudmundsen, T. J., Ralph, D. C. & Buhrman, R. A. Current-induced switching of perpendicularly magnetized magnetic layers using spin torque from the spin Hall effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 096602 (2012).
12. Seo, S-M., Kim, K-W., Ryu, J., Lee, H-W. & Lee, K-J. Current-induced motion of a transverse magnetic domain wall in the presence of spin Hall effect. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 022405 (2012).
13. Garello, K. et al. Symmetry and magnitude of spin-orbit torques in ferromagnetic heterostructures. Preprint at http://arXiv.org/abs/1301.3573 (2013).
14. Haazen, P. P. J. et al. Domain wall motion governed by the spin Hall effect. Nature Mater. 12, 299-303 (2013).
15. Hirsch, J. E. Spin Hall effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1834-1837 (1999).
16. D'yakonov, M. I. Spin Hall effect. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 23, 2556-2565 (2009).
17. Bychkov, Y. A. & Rashba, E. I. Properties of a 2D electron gas with lifted spectral degeneracy. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. Lett. 39, 78-81 (1984).
18. Manchon, A. & Zhang, S. Theory of nonequilibrium intrinsic spin torque in a single nanomagnet. Phys. Rev. B 78, 212405 (2008).
19. Manchon, A. & Zhang, S. Theory of spin torque due to spin-orbit coupling. Phys. Rev. B 79, 094422 (2009).
20. Parkin, S. S. P. et al. Magnetically engineered spintronic sensors and memory. Proc. IEEE 91, 661-680 (2003).
21. Kim, J. et al. Layer thickness dependence of the current-induced effective field vector in Ta|CoFeB|MgO. Nature Mater. 12, 240-245 (2013).
22. Dzyaloshinskii, I. E. Thermodynamic theory of weak ferromagnetism in antiferromagnetic substances. Sov. Phys. JETP 5, 1259-1272 (1957).
23. Moriya, T. Anisotropic superexchange interaction and weak ferromagnetism. Phys. Rev. 120, 91-98 (1960).
24. Dzyaloshinskii, I. E. Theory of helicoidal structures in antiferromagnets. Nonmetals. Sov. Phys. JETP 19, 960-971 (1964).
25. Bogdanov, A. N. & Rößler, U. K. Chiral symmetry breaking in magnetic thin films and multilayers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 037203 (2001).
26. Heide, M., Bihlmayer, G. & Blügel, S. Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction accounting for the orientation of magnetic domains in ultrathin films: Fe/W(110). Phys. Rev. B 78, 140403 (2008).
27. Meckler, S. et al. Real-space observation of a right-rotating inhomogeneous cycloidal spin spiral by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy in a triple axes vector magnet. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 157201 (2009).
28. Vedmedenko, E. Y., Udvardi, L., Weinberger, P. & Wiesendanger, R. Chiral magnetic ordering in two-dimensional ferromagnets with competing Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions. Phys. Rev. B 75, 104431 (2007).
29. Khvalkovskiy, A. V. et al. Matching domain wall configuration and spin-orbit torques for very efficient domain-wall motion. Phys. Rev. B 87, 020402(R) (2013).
30. Thiaville, A., Rohart, S., Jue, E., Cros, V. & Fert, A. Dynamics of Dzyaloshinskii domain walls in ultrathin magnetic films. Europhys. Lett. 100, 57002 (2012).
31. Malozemoff, A. P. & Slonczewski, J. C. Magnetic Domain Walls in Bubble Material (Academic, 1979).
32. Thiaville, A., Nakatani, Y., Miltat, J. & Suzuki, Y. Micromagnetic understanding of current-driven domain wall motion in patterned nanowires. Europhys. Lett. 69, 990-996 (2005).
33. Thomas, L. et al. Oscillatory dependence of current-driven magnetic domain wall motion on current pulse length. Nature 443, 197-200 (2006).
34. Hubert, A. & Schäfer, R. Magnetic Domains: The Analysis of Magnetic Microstructures (Springer, 1998).
35. Koyama, T. et al. Magnetic field insensitivity of magnetic domain wall velocity induced by electrical current in Co/Ni nanowire. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 192509 (2011).