R & D in oxidative desulfurization of fuels technologies: From chemistry to patents

Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 174-196

  García Gutiérrez, José Luis ^a   Lozano, Irene Patricia ^a   Hernández Pérez, Fidencio ^a   Laredo, Georgina C ^a   Jimenez Cruz, Federico ^a  

^a INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETRÓLEO   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Catalysis; Desulfurization; Dibenzothiophenes; Diesel; Extraction; Fuels; Gasoline; Hydrodesulfurization; Oxidation; Oxidative desulfurization; Oxidesulfurization; Refractory compounds; Sulfones

Indexed keywords

DIBENZOTHIOPHENES; DIESEL; OXIDATIVE DESULFURIZATION; OXIDESULFURIZATION; REFRACTORY COMPOUNDS; SULFONES;

CATALYSIS; DESULFURIZATION; EXTRACTION; FUELING; FUELS; GASOLINE; OXIDATION; PATENTS AND INVENTIONS; RESEARCH; TECHNOLOGY;

HYDRODESULFURIZATION;

EID: 84880173482     PISSN: 18744788     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (272)

1. S. F. Venner, Hydrocarbon Process., Int. Ed., 51, 2000, 5.
2. S. Mayo, N. J. Gudde, E. Brevoord, F. Plantenga, G. Hoekstra, Paper AM-02-38, National Petroleum and Refiners Association Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, 17-19 March 2002.
3. H. Schulz, W. Böhringer, F. Ousmanov, P. Waller, Fuel Process. Technol., 61, 1999, 5.
4. H. Schulz, W. Böhringer, P. Waller, F. Ousmanov, Catal. Today, 49, 1999 87.
5. I.V. Babich, J. A. Moulija, Fuel, 82, 2003, 607.
6. C. Song, X. Ma, Appl. Catal. B, 41, 2003, 207.
7. V. Hulea, F. Fajula, J. Bousquet, J. Catal., 198, 2001, 179.
8. A.V. Anisimov, E. V. Fedorova, A. Z. Lesnugin, V. M. Senyavin, L. A. Aslanov, V. B. Rybakov, A. V. Tarakanova, Catal. Today, 78, 2003, 319.
9. J. Palomeque, J. M. Clacens, F. Figueras, J. Catal. 211, 2002, 103.
10. L. Wang, C. Li, H. Yingfei, Adv. Mater. Res., 79-82, 2009, 1683.
11. S. Djangkung, S. Murti, H. Yang, K. Choi, Y. Kora, I. Mochida, Appl. Catal. A, 252, 2003, 331.
12. Y. Shiraishi, Y. Taki, T. Hirai, I. Komasawa, Chem. Commun. 1998, 2601.
13. T. Aida, Catalysts & Catalysis, 37(3), 1995, 243.
14. C. Song, Catal. Today, 86, 2003, 211.
15. E. W. Qian, J. Jpn. Pet. Inst., 51(1), 2008, 14.
16. A. Avidan, B. Klein, R. Ragsdale, Hydrocarbon Process., Int. Ed., 80(2), 2001, 1.
17. EPA-Gasoline RIA, Regulatory Impact Analysis-Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles: Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions Standards and Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements, US Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, EPA420-R- 99-023, December 1999.
18. EPA-RFG-II, Phase II RFG Report on Performance Testing, US Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, EPA420-R- 99-025, April 1999.
19. EPA, Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles Amendment to the Tier-2/Gasoline Sulfur Regulations, US Environmental Protection Agency, April 13, 2001.
20. EPA-Diesel RIA, Regulatory Impact Analysis: Heavy-duty Engine and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements, US Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation, EPA420-R-00-026, December 2000.
21. EPA, EPA Gives the Green Light on Diesel Sulfur Rule, Press Release, US Environmental Protection Agency, February 28, 2001.
22. EPA, Reducing Non-road Diesel Emissions, US Environmental Protection Agency, April 2003.
23. Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council. Brussels COM(2001) 11.05.2001 241final.
24. J.F. Larive, Hydrocarbon Eng., 4, 2000, 15.
25. T.V. Rao, B. Sain, S. Kafola, B. R. Nautiyal, Y. K. Sharma, S. M. Nanoti, M. O. Garg, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 3420.
26. G. Yu, S. Lu, H. Chen, Z. Zhu, Energy & Fuels, 19, 2005, 447.
27. C. Komintarachat, W. Trakarnpruk, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 2006, 1853.
28. H. Gilman, D. Esmay, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74, 1952, 2021.
29. B.N. Heimlich, T. Wallace, Tetrahedron, 22, 1966, 3571.
30. A.S. Rappas, US Patent 6,402,940, 2002.
31. T. Aida, US Patent 0,565,324, 1993.
32. T. Aida, D. Yamamoto, Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Fuel Chem., 39, 1994, 623.
33. S. Otsuki, T. Nonaka, N. Takashima, W. Qian, A. Ishihara, T. Imai, T. Kabe, Energy & Fuels, 14, 2000, 1232.
34. G. Yu, S. Lu, H. Chen, Z. Zhu, Carbon, 43, 2005, 2285.
35. T. Aida, D. Yamamoto, M. Iwata, K. Sakata, Rev. Heteroatom. Chem., 22, 2000, 241.
36. P. D. Filippis, M. Scarsella, Energy & Fuels, 17, 2003, 1452.
37. L.F. Ramírez-Verduzco, F. Murrieta-Guevara, J. L. Garcia- Gutierrez, R. S. Martin-Castanon, M. C. Martinez-Guerrero, M. C. Montiel-Pacheco, R. Manta-Diaz, Pet. Sci. Technol., 22, 2004, 129.
38. P.S. Tam, J. R. Kittrell, J. W. Eldridge, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 29, 1990, 321.
39. G.X. Yu, S. X. Lu, H. Chen, Z. N. Zhu, Energy & Fuels, 19, 2005, 447.
40. A.M. Dehkordi, Z. Kiaei, M. A. Sobati, Fuel Processing Technology, 90, 2009, 435.
41. P. Moreau, V. Hulea, S. Gomez, D. Brunel, F. Di Renzo, Appl. Catal. A Gen. 155, 1997, 253.
42. S.E. Abonde, W. Gore, G. E. Dolbear, E. R. Skov, Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Pet. Chem. 45, 2000, 364.
43. S.E. Bonde, D. Chapados, W. L. Gore, G. E. Dolbear, E. Skov, National Petrochemical and Refiners Association (NPRA), Annual Meeting, A M-00-25, San Antonio, TX, March 26-28, 2000.
44. F. Zannikos, E. Lois, S. Stournas, Fuel Process. Technol, 42, 1995, 35.
45. W.-H. Lo, H.-Y. Yang, G.-T. Wei, Green Chem., 5, 2003, 639.
46. K. Yazu, M. Makino, K. Ukegawa, Chem. Lett., 33, 2004, 1306.
47. J. Nehlseh, J. Benziger, I. Kerrekidis, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45(2), 2006, 518.
48. M. Te, C. Fairbridge, Z. Ring, Appl. Catal. A, 219, 2001, 267.
49. K. Yazu, Y. Yamamoto, K. Miki, K. Ukegawa, J. Oleo. Sci. 50(6), 2001, 521.
50. Y. Lu, Y. Wang, L. Gao, J. Chen, J. Mao, Q. Xue, Y. Liu, H. Wu, G. Gao, M.-Y. He, ChemSusChem., 1, 2008, 302.
51. W. H. Lo, H. Y. Yang, G. T. Wei, Green Chem., 5, 2003, 639.
52. L. Lu, S. Cheng, J. Gao, G. Gao, M.-Y. He, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 383.
53. W. S. Zhu, H. M. Li, X. Jiang, Y. S. Yan, J. D. Lu, J. X. Xia, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 2514.
54. D. S. Zhao, J. L. Wang, E. P. Zhou, Green Chem., 9, 2007, 1219.
55. P. Wasserscheid, A. Jess, Green Chem., 6, 2004, 316.
56. Y. Nie, C. X. Li, Z. H. Wang, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46, 2007, 5108.
57. J. Planeta, P. Karasek, M. Roth, Green Chem., 8, 2006, 70.
58. Y. Nie, C. X. Li, A. J. Sun, H. Meng, Z. H. Wang, Energy & Fuels, 20, 2006, 2083.
59. X. C. Jiang, Y. Nie, C. X. Li, Z. H. Wang, Fuel, 87, 2008, 79.
60. S. Murata, K. Murata, K. Kidena, M. Nomura, Energy & Fuels, 18, 2004, 116.
61. C. P. Huang, B. H. Chen, J. Zhang, Z. C. Liu, Y. X. Li, Energy & Fuels, 18, 2004, 1862.
62. A. Bösmann, L. Datsevich, A. Jess, A. Lauter, C. Schmitz, P. Wasserscheid, Chem. Commun., 2001, 2494.
63. L. N. He, H. M. Li, W. S. Zhu, J. X. Guo, X. Jiang, J. D. Lu, Y. S. Yan, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 47, 2008, 6890.
64. G. Gao, S. Cheng, Y. An, X. Si, X. Fu, Y. Liu, H. Zhang, P. Wu, M.Y. He, ChemCatChem, 2(4), 2010, 459.
65. A.L. Maciuca, C.E. Ciocan, E. D. Dumitriu, F. Fajula, V. Hulea, Catal. Today, 138(1-2), 2008, 33.
66. F.-T. Li, R.-H. Liu, J.-H. Wen, D.-S. Zhao, Z.-M. Sun, Y. Liu, Green Chem., 11, 2009, 883.
67. K. Yazu, Y. Yamamoto, T. Furuya, K. Miki, K. Ukegawa, Energy & Fuels, 15, 2001, 1535.
68. K. Yazu, T. Furuya, K. Miki, K. Ukegawa, Chem. Lett., 32, 2003, 920.
69. F. M. Collins, A. R. Lucy, C. Sharp, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 117, 1997, 397.
70. H. Li, W. Zhu, J. Lu, X. Jiang, L. Gong, G. Zhu, Y. Yan, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 96(1), 2009, 165.
71. J. Gao, S. Wang, Z. Jiang, H. Lu, Y. Yang, F. Jing, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 258, 2006, 261.
72. D. Huang, Z. Zhai, Y. C. Lu, L. M. Yang, G. S. Luo, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46, 2007, 1447.
73. F. Al-Shahrani, T. C. Xiao, S. A. Llewellyn, S. Barri, Z. Jiang, H. H. Shi, G. Martinie, M. L. Green, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 73, 2007, 311.
74. H. Mei, B. M. Mei, T. F. Yen, Fuel, 82, 2003, 405.
75. P. De Filippis, M. Scarsella, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 47, 2008, 973.
76. F. Bigi, A. Corradini, C. Quarantelli, G. Sartori, J. Catal., 250, 2007, 222.
77. F. Villaseñor, O. Loera, A. Campero, G. Viniegra-González, Fuel Process. Technol., 86, 2004, 49.
78. L. C. Caero, E. Hernández, F. Pedraza, F. Murrieta, Catal. Today, 107-108, 2005, 564.
79. D. Huang, Y. J. Wang, L. M. Yang, G. S. Luo, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 2006, 1880.
80. X. Jiang, H. M. Li, W. S. Zhu, L. N. He, H. M. Shu, J. D. Lu, Fuel, 88, 2009, 431.
81. X. Jiang, H. Li, W. Zhu, L. He, H. Shu, J. Lu, Fuel, 88, 2009, 431.
82. W. S. Nathan, US Patent 3,284,342, 1966.
83. W. B. Friedrich, US Patent 2,697,682, 1954.
84. C. Li, Z. Jiang, J. Gao, Y. Yang, S. Wang, F. Tian, Chem. Eur. J., 10, 2004, 2277.
85. H. Lü, J. Gao, Z. Jiang, F. Jing, Y. Yang, G. Wang, J. Catal., 239, 2006, 369.
86. S. Vincent, C. Lion, M. Hedayatullah, A. Challier, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon, 92, 1994, 189.
87. W. Trakarnpruk, K. Rujiraworawut, Fuel Processing Technology, 90, 2009, 411.
88. D. Huang, Y. J. Wang, L. M. Yang, G. S. Luo, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 2006, 1880.
89. L. Lu, S. Cheng, J. Gao, G. Gao, M. Y. He, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 383.
90. W. H. Lo, H. Y. Yang, G. T. Wei, Green Chem., 5, 2003, 639.
91. L. N. He, H. M. Li, W. S. Zhu, J. Guo, X. Jiang, J. D. Lu, Y. S. Yan, AIChE Spring National Meeting, New Orleans, L.A. 6 April 2008, code 74098.
92. W. S. Zhu, H. M. Li, X. Jiang, Y. S. Yan, J. D. Lu, L. N. He, Green Chem., 10, 2008, 641.
93. H. Li, L. He, J. Lu, W. Zhu, X. Jiang, Y. Wang, Y. Yan, Energy & Fuels, 23, 2009, 1354.
94. S. Zhang, Z. C. Zhang, Green Chem., 4, 2002, 376.
95. H. Li, W. Zhu, Y. Wang, J. Zhang, J. Lu, Y. Yan, Green Chem., 11, 2009, 810.
96. F. Figueras, J. Palomeque, S. Loridant, C. Fèche, N. Essayem, G. Gelbard, J. Catal., 226, 2004, 25.
97. V. Hulea, A.-L. Maciuca, F. Fajula, E. Dumitriu, Appl. Catal. A: General, 313, 2006, 200.
98. K. Yazu, T. Furuya, K. Miki, J. Jpn Pet. Inst., 46(6), 2003, 379.
99. C. Li, J. Gao, Z. Jiang, S. Wang, H. Lu, Y. Yang, F. Jing, Top. Catal., 35, 2005, 169.
100. E. Torres-García, G. Canizal, S. Velumani, L. F. Ramírez- Verduzco, F. Murrieta-Guevara, J. A. Ascencio, Appl. Phys. A, 79, 2004, 2037.
101. M.A. Cortes-Jácome, M. Morales, C. Angeles-Chavez, L.F. Ramírez-Verduzco, E. López-Salinas, J.A. Toledo-Antonio, Chem. Mater., 19(26), 2007, 6605.
102. R. S. Drago and D. S. Burns, J. Catal., 166, 1997, 377.
103. L. Yang, J. Li, X. Yuan, J. Shen, Y. Qi, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical, 262, 2007, 114.
104. L. F. Ramírez-Verduzco, J. A. De los Reyes, and E. Torres-García, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 47(15), 2008, 5353.
105. L. F. Ramírez-Verduzco, E. Torres-García, R. Gómez-Quintana, V. González-Peña, and F. Murrieta-Guevara, Catal. Today, 98, 2004, 289.
106. S. Dhir, R. Uppaluri, M.K. Purkait, J. Hazardous Mater., 161, 2009, 1360.
107. J. L. García-Gutiérrez, G. A. Fuentes, M. E. Hernández-Terán, P. García, F. Murrieta-Guevara, F. Jiménez-Cruz, Appl. Catal. A: General, 334, 2008, 366.
108. X.-M. Yan, P. Mei, J. Lei, Y. Mi, L. Xiong, L. Guo, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 304, 2009, 52.
109. Z. E. Ali Abdalla, B. Li, A. Tufail, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 341, 2009, 86.
110. Hulea, A.-L, Maciuca, F. Fajula, E. Dumitriu, Appl. Catal. A, 313, 2006, 200.
111. D. Huang, Y.J. Wang, Y.C. Cui, G.S. Luo, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 116, 2008, 378.
112. D. Wang, E. W. Qian, H. Amano, K. Okata, A. Ishihara, T. Kabe, Appl. Catal. A: General, 253, 2003, 91.
113. B. Zapata, F. Pedraza, M. A. Valenzuela, Catal. Today. 106, 2005, 219.
114. W. Zhu, H. Li, X. Jiang, Y. Yan, J. Lu, J. Xia, Energy & Fuels, 21(5), 2007, 2514.
115. V. V. D. N. Prasad, K.-E. Jeong, H.-J. Chae, C.-U. Kim, S.-Y. Jeong, Catal. Comm. 9, 2008, 1966.
116. V. Selvavathi, A. Meenakshisundaram, B. Sairam, and B. Sivasankar, Pet. Sci. Tech., 26, 2008, 208.
117. J. L. Garcia-Gutierrez, G. A. Fuentes, M. E. Hernandez-Teran, F. Murrieta, J. Navarrete, F. Jimenez-Cruz, Appl. Catal. A, 305, 2006, 15.
118. B. Zapata, F. Pedraza, M. A. Valenzuela, Catal. Today, 106, 2005, 219.
119. X. Si, S. Cheng, Y. Lu, G. Gao, M.-Y. He, Catal. Lett., 122, 2008, 321.
120. L. Cedeño-Caero, J. F. Navarro, Catal. Today, 116, 2006, 562.
121. Y. Shiraishi, T. Naito, T. Hirai, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42(24), 2003, 6034.
122. L. Cedeño, H. Gómez, A. Fraustro, H. Guerra, R. Cuevas, Catal. Today, 133, 2008, 244.
123. H. Gomez, L. Cedeño, Int. J. Chem. Reactor Eng. 3, 2005, A28.
124. L. Cedeño-Caero, J. F. Navarro, A. Gutiérrez-Alejandre, Catal. Today. 116, 2006, 562.
125. L. Cedeño-Caero, H. Gomez-Bernal, A. Fraustro-Cuevas, H. D. Guerra-Gomez, R. Cuevas-Garcia, Catal. Today, 133-135, 2008, 244.
126. L. Cedeño-Caero, E. Hernández, F. Pedraza, F. Murrieta, Catal. Today, 107-108, 2005, 564.
127. H. Gomez-Bernal, L. Cedeño-Caero, A. Gutierrez-Alejandre, Catal. Today, 142, 2009, 227.
128. L.Y. Kong, G. Li, X.S. Wang, Catal. Lett. 92, 2004, 163.
129. L.Y. Kong, G. Li, X.S. Wang, Catal. Today, 93-95, 2004, 341.
130. L. Kong, G. Li, X. Wang, B. Wu, Energy & Fuel, 20, 2006, 896.
131. L. Kong, G. Li, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Chin. J. Catal, 25(2), 2004, 89.
132. Y. Shiraishi, T. Hirai, I. Komasawa, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 35, 2002, 1305.
133. V. Hulea, F. Fajula, J. Bousquet, J. Catal., 198, 2001, 179.
134. S. Cheng, Y. Liu, J. Gao, L. Wang, X. Liu, G. Gao, P. Wu, M.-Y. He, Chin. J. Catal., 27, 2006, 547.
135. C. Jin, G. Li, X. Wang, Y. Wang, L. Zhao, D. Sun, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 111, 2008, 236.
136. Y. Fang, H. Hu, Catal. Commun. 8, 2007, 817.
137. A. Taguchi, F. Schuth, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 77, 2005, 1.
138. N. N. Trukhan, V. N. Romannikov, A. N. Shmakov, M. P. Vanina, E. A. Paukshtis, V. Bukhtiyarov, V. V. Kriventsov, I. Y. Danilov, O. A. Kholdeeva, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 59, 2003, 73.
139. O. A. Kholdeeva, M. S. Melgunov, A. N. Shmakov, N. N. Trukhan, V.V. Kriventsov, V.I. Zaikovskii, M. E. Malyshev, V. N. Romannikov, Catal.Today, 91-92, 2004, 205.
140. C.Z. Jin, G. Li, X. S. Wang, L. X. Zhao, L. P. Liu, H. O. Liu, Y. Liu, W. P. Zhang, X. W. Han, X. H. Bao, Chem. Mater., 19, 2007, 1664.
141. Y. Wang, G. Li, X. S. Wang, C. Z. Jin, Chin. J. Catal. 26, 2005, 567.
142. H. Y. Song, G. Li, X. S. Wang, S. Q. Ma, C. Z. Jin, D. W. Sun, Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Petr. Chem., 52, 2007, 297.
143. A.T. Shah, B. Li, Z. E. A. Abdalla, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 336, 2009, 707.
144. Y. Jia, G. Li, G. Ning, C. Jin, Catal. Today, 140, 2009, 192.
145. S. Yamazaki, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 69, 1996, 2955.
146. Y. Wang, J. H. Espenson, J. Org. Chem. 65, 2000, 104.
147. D. W. Lahti, J. H. Espenson, Inorg. Chem., 39, 2000, 2164.
148. H. Q. N. Gunaratne, M. A. McKervey, S. Feutren, J. Finlay, J. Boyd, Tetra. Lett. 39, 1998, 5655.
149. A. Di Giuseppe, M. Crucianelli, F. De Angelis, C. Crestini, R. Saladino, Appl. Catal. B: Environmental, 89, 2009, 239.
150. Y. Wang, G. Li, X. S. Wang, C. Z. Jin, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 1415.
151. S. S. Cheng, T. F. Yen, Energy & Fuels, 22, 2008, 1400.
152. T. A. Koch, K. R. Krause, L. E. Manzer, M. Mehdizadeh, J. M. Odom, S. K. Senupta, New J. Chem. 20, 1996, 163.
153. J. K. Stanger, J. R. Angelici, Energy & Fuels, 20, 2006, 1757.
154. D. Wang, E. W. Qian, H. Amano, K. Okata, A. Ishihara, T. Kabe, Appl. Catal., A, 253, 2003, 91.
155. A. Ishihara, D. Wang, F. Dumeignil, H. Amano, E. W. Qian, T. Kabe, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 279, 2005, 279.
156. E.L. Sughrue et al., US Patent 20,040,007,501, 2004.
157. A. Chica, G. Gatti, B. Moden, L. Marchese, E. Iglesia, Chem. Eur. J., 12, 2006, 1960.
158. A. Chica, A. Corma, M. E. Dómine, J. Catal., 242, 2006, 299.
159. Y. Wang, G. Lente, J. H. Espenson, Inorg. Chem., 41, 2002, 1272.
160. X. Zhou, C. Zhao, J. Yang, S. Zhang, Energy & Fuels, 21, 2007, 7.
161. J. Li, X. Zhou, D. Zhao, J. Fuel Chem. Technol., 34(2), 2006, 249.
162. E.W. Qian, J. Jpn. Pet. Inst., 51, 2008, 14.
163. D. Wang, E. W. Qian, H. Amano, K. Okata, A. Ishihara, T. Kabe, Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 253, 2003, 61.
164. E.W. Qian, F. Dumeignil, H. Amano, A. Ishihara, Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Pet. Chem., 50, 2005, 430.
165. W. Y. Liu, Zh. L. Lei, J. K. Wang, Energy & Fuels, 15, 2001, 38.
166. H. Lu, J. Gao, Z. Jiang, Y. Yang, B. Song, C. Li, Chem. Commun., 2007, 150.
167. S. R. Livingston, C. C. Landry, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 2008, 13214.
168. J. T. Sampanthar, H. Xiao, J. Dou, T. Y. Nah, X. Rong, W. P. Kwan, Appl. Catal. B: Environmental, 63, 2006, 85.
169. V. R. Landaeta, L. Gonsalvi, M. Peruzzini, J. Mol. Catal. A, 257, 2006, 112.
170. X. Ma, A. Zhou, C. Song, Catal. Today, 123, 2007, 276.
171. X. Zhou, J. Li, X. Wang, K. Jin, W. Ma Fuel Processing Technology, 90, 2009, 317.
172. L. Gao, Y. Tang, Q. Xue, Y. Liu, Y. Lu, Energy & Fuels, 23, 2009, 624.
173. B.M. Choundary, C. R. V. Reddy, B. V. Prakash, M. L. Kantan, B. Sreedhar, Chem. Comm., 2003, 754.
174. V.T. Rao, B. Sain, K. Kumar, P. S. Murthy, T. S. R. P. Rao, G. C. Joshi, Synth. Commun., 28, 1998, 319.
175. T. Kaneda, H. Daimon, Jpn. Kokai. Tokkyo Koho, 540, 1979.
176. P. Mastrorilli, C. F. Nobile, Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 1994, 4193.
177. M. M. Dell'Anna, P. Mastrorilli, C. F. Nobile, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 108, 1996, 57.
178. M. M. Dell'Anna, P. Mastrorilli, C. F. Nobile, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chemical, IQ8, 1996, 57.
179. G. Song, F. Wang, H. Zhang, X. Lu, C. Wang, Synth. Commun., 28, 1998, 2783.
180. S. Cheng, Y. Liu, J. Gao, L. Wang, X. Liu, G. Rao, P. Wu, M.-Y. He, Chin. J. Catal., 27, 2006, 547.
181. Y. L. Zub, A. B. Pecheny, A. A. Chuiko, T. L. Stuchinskaya, N. N. Kundo, Catal. Today, 17, 1993 31.
182. A.H. Sun, G. C. Zhang, Y. M. Xu, Materials Letters, 59, 2005, 4016.
183. V. Dumont, L. Oliviero, F. Maugé, M. Houalla, Catal. Today, 130, 2008, 195.
184. V.T. Rao, B. Sain, P. S. N. Murthy, G.C. Joshi, G.C. Prasada, T. S. R. P. Rao, Sut. Sur. Sci. Catal., 113, 1998, 920.
185. J.R. McNesby, C. A. Heller, Chem. Rev., 54, 1954, 325.
186. W.Y. Suprun, D. Kiebling, T. Machold, H. Papp, Chem. Eng. Technol., 29, 2006, 1376.
187. P.S. Tam, J. R. Kittrell, J. W. Eldridge, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 29, 1990, 324.
188. K. Imagawa, T. Nagata, T. Yamada, T. Mukaiyama, Chem. Lett. 1995, 335.
189. I.V. Khavrutskii, G. M. Maksimov, O. A. Kholdeeva, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 66, 1999, 325.
190. M. Wan, T. Yen, Appl. Catal. A, 319, 2007, 237.
191. T.F. Yen, H. Mei, S. H.-M. Lu, US Patent 6,402,939, 2002.
192. A. Deshpande, A. Bassi, A. Prakash, Energy & Fuels, 19, 2005, 28.
193. Y. Hangun, L. Alexandrova, S. Khetan, C. Horwitz, A. Cugint, D. D. Link, B. Howard, T. Collins, J. Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Pet. Chem., 47, 2002, 42.
194. A. Treiber, P. M. Dansette, H. El Amri, J. P. Girault, D. Ginderow, J. P. Mornon, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119, 1997, 1565.
195. Z. Wu, B. Ondruschka, Ultrason. Sonochem., 13, 2006, 371.
196. Z. Wu, B. Ondruschka, Ultrason. Sonochem., 13, 2006, 86.
197. T. Hirai, K. Ogawa, I. Komasawa, Ind Eng Chem Res, 35, 1996, 586.
198. S. Matsuzawa, J. Tanak, S. Sato, I. Takashi, J. Photoch, Photobiol. A, 149, 2002, 183.
199. Y. Shiraishi, T. Hirai, I. Komasawa, J Chem Eng Jpn, 32, 1999, 158.
200. A. Marcinek, Z. Jacek, J. Geübicki, J. Phys. Chem. A, 105, 2001, 9305.
201. C. Lee, T. Winston, A. Unni, R. M. Pagni, G. Mamantov, J. Am. Chem. Soc.118(21), 1996, 4919.
202. M. G. Charles, J. M. Andrew, Chem. Commun. 2000, 1395.
203. D. S. Zhao, R. Liu, J. L. Wang, B. Y. Liu, Energy & Fuels, 22, 2008, 1100.
204. R. Brown, US Patent 2,671,049, 1954.
205. C. Shiah, US Patent 2,834,717, 1958.
206. W.L. Fierce, R. L. Weichman, US Patent 3,135,680, 1964.
207. R.D. Smetana, S. Herbstman, T. C. Mead, US Patent 3,595,778, 1971.
208. S. Herbstman, US Patent 3,719,589, 1973.
209. E.D. Guth, A. F. Diaz, US Patent 3,847,800, 1974.
210. E.D. Guth, N. L. Helgeson, K. W. Arledge, A. R. Brienza, US Patent 3,919,402, 1975.
211. J.G. Schulz, J. J. Stanulonis, W. R. Wajert, US Patent 4,280,818, 1981.
212. P.S. Tam, J. R. Kittrell, US Patent 4,485,007, 1984.
213. J.R. Kittrell, S. T. Darian, P. S. Tam, European Patent 236 021, 1987.
214. D. Sayed-Hamit, US Patent 4,746,420, 1988.
215. L. Paris-Marcano, US Patent 5,017,280, 1991.
216. L. Paris-Marcano, US Patent 5,087,350, 1992.
217. M. Nomura, S. Murata, Japant Patent 168 663, 2004.
218. J. Thirugnanasampanthar, R. Xu, F. M. Dautzenberg, Worldwide Patent 116169, 2005.
219. J. W. Gues, C. M. A. M. Mesters, R. J. Schoonebeek, Worldwide Patent 030638 A1, 2005.
220. Lyapin et al., US Patent 5,824,207, 1998.
221. J. H. Sherman, US Patent 2001/0015339 A1, 2001.
222. D. Alexander, J. Nobel, British Patent 713 740, 1954.
223. A.B. Webster, R. Righy, US Patent 3,163,593, 1964.
224. J.F. Ford, T. A. Rayne, D. G. Adlington, US Patent 3,341,448, 1967.
225. J.F. Ford, T. A. Rayne, D. G. Adlington, GB Patent 972 803, 1964.
226. E.L. Cole, R. F. Wilson, F. Herbstman, S. Herbstman, US Patent 3,551,328, 1970.
227. A.B. Webster, R. Righy, US Patent 3,163,593, 1964.
228. L. Wallace, US Patent 3,505,210, 1970.
229. T. Aida, F. Izumi, European Patent 565 324 A1, 1993.
230. F. M. Collins, A. R. Lucy, D. J. H. Smith, European Patent 482 841, 1991.
231. T. Aida, F. Izumi, Japanese Patent. 04 072 384, 1998.
232. T. Aida, F. Izumi, US Patent 5,753,102, 1998.
233. A. Corma, T. Navarro, Perez-Pariente J., US Patent 5,783,167.
234. T. C. Ho, C. S. Hsu, G. D. Dupre, R. Liotta, V. Buchholz, US Patent 5, 958,224, 1999.
235. W. Gore et al. U.S. Patent. 6,274,785, 2000.
236. W. Gore et al. U.S. Patent 6,160,193, 1998.
237. W. Gore, S. Bonde, G. E. Dolbare, E. R. Skov, US Patent 6,596,914 B2, 2003.
238. C.A. Cabrera et al., US Patent 6,171,478, 2001.
239. T. Aida, European Patent 93 302 642.9, 1999.
240. F. Fajula, A. Rabion, J. R. Bernard, V. Hulea, Worldwide Patent 01/48119 A1, 2001.
241. F. Fajula, A. Rabion, J. R. Bernard, V. Hulea, French Patent 99 16559, 1999.
242. L. R. Stowe, US Patent 5,547,563, 1995 [243] M. Cullen, US Patent 2004/0074812 A1, 2004.
243. E.O. Ohsol, T. E. Gillespie, J. W. Pinkerton, US Patent 5,985,137, l999.
244. E.O. Ohsol, US Patent 5,948,242, 1997.
245. A.S. Rappas, US Patent. 6,402,940, 2002.
246. A.S. Rappas, US Pantent 6,406,616, 2001.
247. R.E. Levy, A. Stavros, C. Sudhakar, V. P. Nero, S. J. De Canio, US Patent 2003/009440 A1, 2003.
248. R.E. Levy, A. S. Rappas, C. Sudhakar, V. P. Nero, S. J. De Canio, Worldwide Patent 2003014266, 2003.
249. F. Figueras et al., BFF 02/0235/JLP/20020628, 2002.
250. T.F. Yen, H. Mei, S. H. M. Lu, US Patent 6,412,939 B1. 2002.
251. J.S. Yoo, A. P. Voss, US Patent 3,945,914, 1976.
252. Kocal, US Patent 6,368,495, 2002.
253. Kocal, Brandvold, US Patent 6,277,271, 2001.
254. E.L. Cole, R. F. Wilson, S. Herbstman, US Patent 3,551,328, 1970.
255. S. Herbstman, F. E. Guptill, 3,565,793, 1971.
256. H.A. Sorgenti, US Patent 3,816,301, 1974.
257. S.E. Bonde, D. Chapados, W. L. Gore, G. Dolbear, E. Skov. Desulfurization by selective oxidation and extraction of sulfur-containing in diesel fuel. AM-00-25. NPRA. 2000 Annual Meeting. San Antonio, Texas. March 26-28, 2000.
258. S.E. Bonde, W. Gore, G. E. Dolbear, Prepritns. Am.Chem. Soc. Div. Pet. Chem., 44(2), 1999, 199.
259. G.E. Dolbear, E. R. Skov, Prepr. Am.Chem. Soc. Div. Pet. Chem., 45(2), 2000, 375.
260. W. Gore, S. Bonde, G. E. Dolbare, E. R. Skov, US Patent 6,596,914 B2, 2003.
261. W. Gore, US Patent 6,274,785, 2001.
262. W. Gore, US Patent 6,160,193, 2000.
263. F.J. Liotta, Y. Z. Han. Production of Ultra-Low Sulfur Fuels by Selective Hydroperoxide Oxidation. NPRA. AM-03-23. Annual Meeting. San Antonio, TX. March 23-25, 2003.
264. Cullen, M.; Avidan, A.; "SulphCo - Desulfurization via Selective Oxidation", AM- 01-55, NPRA 2001 Annual Meeting.
265. R.E Levy, A. S. Pappas, V. P. Nero, S. J. De Canio, Unipure's ASR-2 Diesel Desulfurization Process: A Novel, Cost-Effective Process for Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel Fuel. AM-01-10, NPRA 2001. Annual Meeting.
266. Chapados, D.; Bonde, S. E.; Gore, W. L.; Dolbear, G.; Skov, E. Desulfurization by Selective Oxidation and Extract of Sulfur- Containing Compounds to Economically Achiebe Ultra-low Proposed Diesel Fuel Sulfur Requirements. AM-00-25, NPRA, 2000. Annual Meeting.
267. H.A. Sorgenti, US Patent 3,674,885, 1972.
268. J. Novel, et al. British Patent 713,740, 1954.
269. A.B. Webster, R. Righy, US Patent 3,163,593, 1964.
270. J.F. Ford, T. A. Rayne, D. G. Adlington, US Patent 3,341,448, 1967.
271. Cole, E.L., Wilson, R. F., Herbstman, S., US Patent 3,551,328, 1970.
272. T.C. Ho, C. S. Hsu, G. D. Dupre, R. Liotta, V. B. Buckholz, US Patent 5,958,224, 1998.