메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 86, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 61-74

Ecology rather than psychology explains co-occurrence of predation and border patrols in male chimpanzees

Author keywords

Behavioural syndrome; Chimpanzee; Collective action; Cooperation; Hunting; Impact males; Lethal aggression; Pan troglodytes; Territoriality

Indexed keywords

AGGRESSION; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; MALE BEHAVIOR; PREDATION; PRIMATE; PSYCHOLOGY; TERRITORIALITY;

EID: 84880150120     PISSN: 00033472     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.04.012     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0016235113 scopus 로고
    • Observational study of behavior: sampling methods
    • Altmann J. Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour 1974, 49:227-267.
    • (1974) Behaviour , vol.49 , pp. 227-267
    • Altmann, J.1
  • 2
    • 72249122777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetic costs of territorial boundary patrols by wild chimpanzees
    • Amsler S.J. Energetic costs of territorial boundary patrols by wild chimpanzees. American Journal of Primatology 2010, 72:93-103.
    • (2010) American Journal of Primatology , vol.72 , pp. 93-103
    • Amsler, S.J.1
  • 3
    • 0042430278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing fission-fusion grouping in chimpanzees in the Taï National Park, CÔte d'Ivoire
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.)
    • Anderson D.P., Nordheim E.V., Boesch C., Moermond T.C. Factors influencing fission-fusion grouping in chimpanzees in the Taï National Park, CÔte d'Ivoire. Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos 2002, 90-101. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.).
    • (2002) Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos , pp. 90-101
    • Anderson, D.P.1    Nordheim, E.V.2    Boesch, C.3    Moermond, T.C.4
  • 4
    • 0028161792 scopus 로고
    • Cooperative hunting in wild chimpanzees
    • Boesch C. Cooperative hunting in wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour 1994, 48:653-667.
    • (1994) Animal Behaviour , vol.48 , pp. 653-667
    • Boesch, C.1
  • 6
    • 0024652682 scopus 로고
    • Hunting behavior of wild chimpanzees in the Taï National Park
    • Boesch C., Boesch H. Hunting behavior of wild chimpanzees in the Taï National Park. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1989, 78:547-573.
    • (1989) American Journal of Physical Anthropology , vol.78 , pp. 547-573
    • Boesch, C.1    Boesch, H.2
  • 8
    • 79959519398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking genotypes, phenotypes, and fitness in wild primate populations
    • Bradley B.J., Lawler R.R. Linking genotypes, phenotypes, and fitness in wild primate populations. Evolutionary Anthropology 2011, 20:104-119.
    • (2011) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.20 , pp. 104-119
    • Bradley, B.J.1    Lawler, R.R.2
  • 9
    • 84990101163 scopus 로고
    • Asurvey of forest composition in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania
    • Clutton-Brock T.H., Gillett J.B. Asurvey of forest composition in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology 1979, 17:131-158.
    • (1979) African Journal of Ecology , vol.17 , pp. 131-158
    • Clutton-Brock, T.H.1    Gillett, J.B.2
  • 12
    • 46249131553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine receptor genetic polymorphisms and body composition in undernourished pastoralists: an exploration of nutrition indices among nomadic and recently settled Ariaal men of northern Kenya
    • Eisenberg D.T.A., Campbell B., Gray P.B., Sorenson M.D. Dopamine receptor genetic polymorphisms and body composition in undernourished pastoralists: an exploration of nutrition indices among nomadic and recently settled Ariaal men of northern Kenya. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008, 8:173. 10.1186/1471-2148-8-173.
    • (2008) BMC Evolutionary Biology , vol.8 , pp. 173
    • Eisenberg, D.T.A.1    Campbell, B.2    Gray, P.B.3    Sorenson, M.D.4
  • 13
    • 84880175501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunting and meat sharing among the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota.
    • Gilby, I. C. 2004. Hunting and meat sharing among the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Ph.D. thesis, University of Minnesota.
    • (2004)
    • Gilby, I.C.1
  • 14
    • 84880181208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation among nonkin: reciprocity, markets and mutualism
    • University of Chicago Press, Chicago, J.C. Mitani, J. Call, P.M. Kappeler, R.A. Palombit, J.B. Silk (Eds.)
    • Gilby I.C. Cooperation among nonkin: reciprocity, markets and mutualism. Evolution of Primate Societies 2012, 514-530. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. J.C. Mitani, J. Call, P.M. Kappeler, R.A. Palombit, J.B. Silk (Eds.).
    • (2012) Evolution of Primate Societies , pp. 514-530
    • Gilby, I.C.1
  • 15
    • 84861713570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of intelligence in group hunting: are chimpanzees different from other social predators?
    • University of Chicago Press, Chicago, E.V. Lonsdorf, S.R. Ross, T. Matsuzawa (Eds.)
    • Gilby I.C., Connor R.C. The role of intelligence in group hunting: are chimpanzees different from other social predators?. The Mind of the Chimpanzee: Ecological and Experimental Perspectives 2010, 220-233. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. E.V. Lonsdorf, S.R. Ross, T. Matsuzawa (Eds.).
    • (2010) The Mind of the Chimpanzee: Ecological and Experimental Perspectives , pp. 220-233
    • Gilby, I.C.1    Connor, R.C.2
  • 16
    • 34547665709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk-prone hunting by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) increases during periods of high diet quality
    • Gilby I.C., Wrangham R.W. Risk-prone hunting by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) increases during periods of high diet quality. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2007, 61:1771-1779.
    • (2007) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.61 , pp. 1771-1779
    • Gilby, I.C.1    Wrangham, R.W.2
  • 17
    • 33745244791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and social influences on the hunting behaviour of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
    • Gilby I.C., Eberly L.E., Pintea L., Pusey A.E. Ecological and social influences on the hunting behaviour of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Animal Behaviour 2006, 72:169-180.
    • (2006) Animal Behaviour , vol.72 , pp. 169-180
    • Gilby, I.C.1    Eberly, L.E.2    Pintea, L.3    Pusey, A.E.4
  • 18
    • 38649090082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic profitability of social predation among wild chimpanzees: individual variation promotes cooperation
    • Gilby I.C., Eberly L.E., Wrangham R.W. Economic profitability of social predation among wild chimpanzees: individual variation promotes cooperation. Animal Behaviour 2008, 75:351-360.
    • (2008) Animal Behaviour , vol.75 , pp. 351-360
    • Gilby, I.C.1    Eberly, L.E.2    Wrangham, R.W.3
  • 21
    • 0002170897 scopus 로고
    • Intercommunity interactions in the chimpanzee population of Gombe National Park
    • Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, California, D.A. Hamburg, E.R. McCown (Eds.)
    • Goodall J., Bandora A., Bergmann E., Busse C., Matama H., Mpongo E., Pierce A., Riss D. Intercommunity interactions in the chimpanzee population of Gombe National Park. The Great Apes 1979, 12-53. Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, California. D.A. Hamburg, E.R. McCown (Eds.).
    • (1979) The Great Apes , pp. 12-53
    • Goodall, J.1    Bandora, A.2    Bergmann, E.3    Busse, C.4    Matama, H.5    Mpongo, E.6    Pierce, A.7    Riss, D.8
  • 22
    • 0035170407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What factors affect the size of chimpanzee parties in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda? Examination of fruit abundance and number of estrous females
    • Hashimoto C., Furuichi T., Tashiro Y. What factors affect the size of chimpanzee parties in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda? Examination of fruit abundance and number of estrous females. International Journal of Primatology 2001, 22:947-959.
    • (2001) International Journal of Primatology , vol.22 , pp. 947-959
    • Hashimoto, C.1    Furuichi, T.2    Tashiro, Y.3
  • 23
    • 33947681168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerance allows bonobos to outperform chimpanzees on a cooperative task
    • Hare B., Melis A.P., Woods V., Hastings S., Wrangham R. Tolerance allows bonobos to outperform chimpanzees on a cooperative task. Current Biology 2007, 17:619-623.
    • (2007) Current Biology , vol.17 , pp. 619-623
    • Hare, B.1    Melis, A.P.2    Woods, V.3    Hastings, S.4    Wrangham, R.5
  • 24
    • 84857063681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The self-domestication hypothesis: evolution of bonobo psychology is due to selection against aggression
    • Hare B., Wobber V., Wrangham R. The self-domestication hypothesis: evolution of bonobo psychology is due to selection against aggression. Animal Behaviour 2012, 83:573-585.
    • (2012) Animal Behaviour , vol.83 , pp. 573-585
    • Hare, B.1    Wobber, V.2    Wrangham, R.3
  • 26
    • 0006105979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predation of mammals by the chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania
    • Klewer Academic, New York, B. Galdikas, N. Briggs, L. Sheeran, G. Shapiro, J. Goodall (Eds.)
    • Hosaka K., Nishida T., Hamai M., Matsumoto-Oda A., Uehara S. Predation of mammals by the chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. All Apes Great and Small. Vol. I: African Apes 2001, 107-130. Klewer Academic, New York. B. Galdikas, N. Briggs, L. Sheeran, G. Shapiro, J. Goodall (Eds.).
    • (2001) All Apes Great and Small. Vol. I: African Apes , pp. 107-130
    • Hosaka, K.1    Nishida, T.2    Hamai, M.3    Matsumoto-Oda, A.4    Uehara, S.5
  • 27
    • 33947228943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzee grouping patterns and food availability in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania
    • Itoh N., Nishida T. Chimpanzee grouping patterns and food availability in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates 2007, 48:87-96.
    • (2007) Primates , vol.48 , pp. 87-96
    • Itoh, N.1    Nishida, T.2
  • 28
    • 33746904316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergence of ape and human monoamine oxidase A gene promoters: comparative analysis of polymorphisms, tandem repeat structures and transcriptional activities on reporter gene expression
    • Inoue-Murayama M., Mishima N., Hayasaka I., Ito S., Murayama Y. Divergence of ape and human monoamine oxidase A gene promoters: comparative analysis of polymorphisms, tandem repeat structures and transcriptional activities on reporter gene expression. Neuroscience Letters 2006, 405:207-211.
    • (2006) Neuroscience Letters , vol.405 , pp. 207-211
    • Inoue-Murayama, M.1    Mishima, N.2    Hayasaka, I.3    Ito, S.4    Murayama, Y.5
  • 30
    • 84857050167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual variation in behavioural reactions to unfamiliar conspecific vocalisation and hormonal underpinnings in male chimpanzees
    • Kutsukake N., Teramoto M., Homma S., Mori Y., Matsudaira K., Kobayashi H., Ishida T., Okanoya K., Hasegawa T. Individual variation in behavioural reactions to unfamiliar conspecific vocalisation and hormonal underpinnings in male chimpanzees. Ethology 2012, 118:269-280.
    • (2012) Ethology , vol.118 , pp. 269-280
    • Kutsukake, N.1    Teramoto, M.2    Homma, S.3    Mori, Y.4    Matsudaira, K.5    Kobayashi, H.6    Ishida, T.7    Okanoya, K.8    Hasegawa, T.9
  • 31
    • 84935677308 scopus 로고
    • Intergroup aggression in chimpanzees and humans
    • Manson J.H., Wrangham R.W. Intergroup aggression in chimpanzees and humans. Current Anthropology 1991, 32:369-390.
    • (1991) Current Anthropology , vol.32 , pp. 369-390
    • Manson, J.H.1    Wrangham, R.W.2
  • 32
    • 76949084259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation and competition in chimpanzees: current understanding and future challenges
    • Mitani J.C. Cooperation and competition in chimpanzees: current understanding and future challenges. Evolutionary Anthropology 2009, 18:215-227.
    • (2009) Evolutionary Anthropology , vol.18 , pp. 215-227
    • Mitani, J.C.1
  • 33
    • 0034993594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why do chimpanzees hunt and share meat?
    • Mitani J.C., Watts D.P. Why do chimpanzees hunt and share meat?. Animal Behaviour 2001, 61:915-924.
    • (2001) Animal Behaviour , vol.61 , pp. 915-924
    • Mitani, J.C.1    Watts, D.P.2
  • 34
    • 27144452547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of territorial boundary patrol behaviour in wild chimpanzees
    • Mitani J.C., Watts D.P. Correlates of territorial boundary patrol behaviour in wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour 2005, 70:1079-1086.
    • (2005) Animal Behaviour , vol.70 , pp. 1079-1086
    • Mitani, J.C.1    Watts, D.P.2
  • 35
    • 1142276668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and social correlates of chimpanzee party size and composition
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.)
    • Mitani J.C., Watts D.P., Lwanga J.S. Ecological and social correlates of chimpanzee party size and composition. Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos 2002, 102-111. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.).
    • (2002) Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos , pp. 102-111
    • Mitani, J.C.1    Watts, D.P.2    Lwanga, J.S.3
  • 36
    • 1142281885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominance, aggression, and testosterone in wild chimpanzees: a test of the 'challenge hypothesis'
    • Muller M.N., Wrangham R.W. Dominance, aggression, and testosterone in wild chimpanzees: a test of the 'challenge hypothesis'. Animal Behaviour 2004, 67:113-123.
    • (2004) Animal Behaviour , vol.67 , pp. 113-123
    • Muller, M.N.1    Wrangham, R.W.2
  • 37
  • 38
    • 0033824318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food supply and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) party size in the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda
    • Newton-Fisher N.E. Food supply and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) party size in the Budongo Forest Reserve, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology 2000, 21:613-628.
    • (2000) International Journal of Primatology , vol.21 , pp. 613-628
    • Newton-Fisher, N.E.1
  • 39
    • 0001677362 scopus 로고
    • The social group of wild chimpanzees in the Mahali Mountains
    • Nishida T. The social group of wild chimpanzees in the Mahali Mountains. Primates 1968, 9:167-224.
    • (1968) Primates , vol.9 , pp. 167-224
    • Nishida, T.1
  • 40
    • 0026323688 scopus 로고
    • Fluprazine inhibits intermale attack and infanticide, but not predation, in male mice
    • Parmigiani S., Palanza P. Fluprazine inhibits intermale attack and infanticide, but not predation, in male mice. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 1991, 15:511-513.
    • (1991) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , vol.15 , pp. 511-513
    • Parmigiani, S.1    Palanza, P.2
  • 43
    • 48849116260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights for behavioral ecology from behavioral syndromes
    • Sih A., Bell A.M. Insights for behavioral ecology from behavioral syndromes. Advances in the Study of Behavior 2008, 38:227-281.
    • (2008) Advances in the Study of Behavior , vol.38 , pp. 227-281
    • Sih, A.1    Bell, A.M.2
  • 44
    • 2942742936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview
    • Sih A., Bell A., Johnson J.C. Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 2004, 19:372-378.
    • (2004) Trends in Ecology & Evolution , vol.19 , pp. 372-378
    • Sih, A.1    Bell, A.2    Johnson, J.C.3
  • 46
    • 84870443631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Territoriality, tolerance and testosterone in wild chimpanzees
    • Sobolewski M.E., Brown J.L., Mitani J.C. Territoriality, tolerance and testosterone in wild chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour 2012, 84:1469-1474.
    • (2012) Animal Behaviour , vol.84 , pp. 1469-1474
    • Sobolewski, M.E.1    Brown, J.L.2    Mitani, J.C.3
  • 47
    • 0028977630 scopus 로고
    • The influence of chimpanzee predation on group size andanti-predator behaviour in red colobus monkeys
    • Stanford C.B. The influence of chimpanzee predation on group size andanti-predator behaviour in red colobus monkeys. Animal Behaviour 1995, 49:577-587.
    • (1995) Animal Behaviour , vol.49 , pp. 577-587
    • Stanford, C.B.1
  • 50
    • 0000618093 scopus 로고
    • The logic of risk-sensitive foraging preferences
    • Stephens D.W. The logic of risk-sensitive foraging preferences. Animal Behaviour 1981, 29:628-629.
    • (1981) Animal Behaviour , vol.29 , pp. 628-629
    • Stephens, D.W.1
  • 51
    • 53249134718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primate hunting by bonobos at LuiKotale, Salonga National Park
    • Surbeck M., Hohmann G. Primate hunting by bonobos at LuiKotale, Salonga National Park. Current Biology 2008, 18:R906-R907.
    • (2008) Current Biology , vol.18
    • Surbeck, M.1    Hohmann, G.2
  • 52
    • 59449092869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the consumption of arboreal, diurnal primates by bonobos (Pan paniscus)
    • Surbeck M., Fowler A., Deimel C., Hohmann G. Evidence for the consumption of arboreal, diurnal primates by bonobos (Pan paniscus). American Journal of Primatology 2009, 71:171-174.
    • (2009) American Journal of Primatology , vol.71 , pp. 171-174
    • Surbeck, M.1    Fowler, A.2    Deimel, C.3    Hohmann, G.4
  • 53
    • 39649084221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acomparative study of conflict resolution in macaques: insights into the nature of trait covariation
    • Thierry B., Aureli F., Nunn C.L., Petit O., Abegg C., de Waal F.B.M. Acomparative study of conflict resolution in macaques: insights into the nature of trait covariation. Animal Behaviour 2008, 75:847-860.
    • (2008) Animal Behaviour , vol.75 , pp. 847-860
    • Thierry, B.1    Aureli, F.2    Nunn, C.L.3    Petit, O.4    Abegg, C.5    de Waal, F.B.M.6
  • 54
    • 0031416935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predation on mammals by the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
    • Uehara S. Predation on mammals by the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Primates 1997, 38:193-214.
    • (1997) Primates , vol.38 , pp. 193-214
    • Uehara, S.1
  • 55
    • 0035608762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boundary patrols and intergroup encounters in wild chimpanzees
    • Watts D.P., Mitani J.C. Boundary patrols and intergroup encounters in wild chimpanzees. Behaviour 2001, 138:299-327.
    • (2001) Behaviour , vol.138 , pp. 299-327
    • Watts, D.P.1    Mitani, J.C.2
  • 56
    • 0036148036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunting behavior of chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda
    • Watts D.P., Mitani J.C. Hunting behavior of chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology 2002, 23:1-28.
    • (2002) International Journal of Primatology , vol.23 , pp. 1-28
    • Watts, D.P.1    Mitani, J.C.2
  • 58
    • 34748856863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the vasopressin 1b receptor gene impairs the attack component of aggressive behavior in mice
    • Wersinger S.R., Caldwell H.K., Christiansen M., Young W.S. Disruption of the vasopressin 1b receptor gene impairs the attack component of aggressive behavior in mice. Genes Brain and Behavior 2007, 6:653-660.
    • (2007) Genes Brain and Behavior , vol.6 , pp. 653-660
    • Wersinger, S.R.1    Caldwell, H.K.2    Christiansen, M.3    Young, W.S.4
  • 59
    • 2442500974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs and benefits of grouping in female chimpanzees at Gombe
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.)
    • Williams J.M., Liu H., Pusey A.E. Costs and benefits of grouping in female chimpanzees at Gombe. Behavioral Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos 2002, 192-203. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, L. Marchant (Eds.).
    • (2002) Behavioral Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos , pp. 192-203
    • Williams, J.M.1    Liu, H.2    Pusey, A.E.3
  • 60
    • 84880169875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term studies of the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania
    • Springer-Verlag, Berlin, P.M. Kappeler, D.P. Watts (Eds.)
    • Wilson M.L. Long-term studies of the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Long-term Field Studies of Primates 2012, 357-384. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. P.M. Kappeler, D.P. Watts (Eds.).
    • (2012) Long-term Field Studies of Primates , pp. 357-384
    • Wilson, M.L.1
  • 61
    • 84880179628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzees, warfare and the invention of peace
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford, D.P. Fry (Ed.)
    • Wilson M.L. Chimpanzees, warfare and the invention of peace. War, Peace, and Human Nature 2013, 361-388. Oxford University Press, Oxford. D.P. Fry (Ed.).
    • (2013) War, Peace, and Human Nature , pp. 361-388
    • Wilson, M.L.1
  • 63
    • 0034952015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does participation in intergroup conflict depend on numerical assessment, range location or rank for wild chimpanzees?
    • Wilson M.L., Hauser M.D., Wrangham R.W. Does participation in intergroup conflict depend on numerical assessment, range location or rank for wild chimpanzees?. Animal Behaviour 2001, 61:1203-1216.
    • (2001) Animal Behaviour , vol.61 , pp. 1203-1216
    • Wilson, M.L.1    Hauser, M.D.2    Wrangham, R.W.3
  • 64
    • 36048957556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) modify grouping and vocal behaviour in response to location-specific risk
    • Wilson M.W., Hauser M.D., Wrangham R.W. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) modify grouping and vocal behaviour in response to location-specific risk. Behaviour 2007, 144:1621-1653.
    • (2007) Behaviour , vol.144 , pp. 1621-1653
    • Wilson, M.W.1    Hauser, M.D.2    Wrangham, R.W.3
  • 65
    • 83555166244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and social factors affect the occurrence and outcomes of intergroup encounters in chimpanzees
    • Wilson M.L., Kahlenberg S.M., Wells M., Wrangham R.W. Ecological and social factors affect the occurrence and outcomes of intergroup encounters in chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour 2012, 82:277-291.
    • (2012) Animal Behaviour , vol.82 , pp. 277-291
    • Wilson, M.L.1    Kahlenberg, S.M.2    Wells, M.3    Wrangham, R.W.4
  • 70
    • 0346758022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African apes as time machines
    • Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, B. Galdikas, N. Briggs, L. Sheeran, G. Shapiro, J. Goodall (Eds.)
    • Wrangham R.W., Pilbeam D. African apes as time machines. All Apes Great and Small. Vol. I: African Apes 2001, 5-17. Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York. B. Galdikas, N. Briggs, L. Sheeran, G. Shapiro, J. Goodall (Eds.).
    • (2001) All Apes Great and Small. Vol. I: African Apes , pp. 5-17
    • Wrangham, R.W.1    Pilbeam, D.2
  • 71
    • 0019264804 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in the behavioral ecology of chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania
    • Wrangham R.W., Smuts B. Sex differences in the behavioral ecology of chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement 1980, 28:13-31.
    • (1980) Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Supplement , vol.28 , pp. 13-31
    • Wrangham, R.W.1    Smuts, B.2
  • 72
    • 0027808246 scopus 로고
    • Constraints on group size in primates and carnivores: population density and day-range as assays of exploitation competition
    • Wrangham R.W., Gittleman J.L., Chapman C.A. Constraints on group size in primates and carnivores: population density and day-range as assays of exploitation competition. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 1993, 32:199-209.
    • (1993) Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology , vol.32 , pp. 199-209
    • Wrangham, R.W.1    Gittleman, J.L.2    Chapman, C.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.