Imaging of prostate carcinoma

Cancer Control

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 161-176

  Outwater, Eric K ^a   Montilla Soler, Jaime L ^a  

^a H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETIC ACID C 11; CAPROMAB PENDETIDE IN 111; CARBON 11; CHOLINE C 11; ECHO CONTRAST MEDIUM; FLUORINE 18; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; PROSTATE SPECIFIC MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; TECHNETIUM 99M; TRACER;

ANTIGEN DETECTION; ARTICLE; BONE METASTASIS; BONE SCINTISCANNING; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL EVALUATION; COLOR ULTRASOUND FLOWMETRY; COMPUTER ASSISTED EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; GAMMA CAMERA; GLEASON SCORE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MOLECULAR IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEAR MEDICINE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PROSTATE CARCINOMA; PROSTATE SCINTISCANNING; PROSTATECTOMY; RECURRENT CANCER; SCINTIGRAPHY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY; TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TUMOR INVASION; ANIMAL; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; MALE; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS;

ANIMALS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HUMANS; MALE; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84879541285     PISSN: 10732748     EISSN: 15262359     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107327481302000304     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Prostate Cancer. Version 2.2013. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf. Accessed March 15, 2013.
2. Plawker MW, Fleisher JM, Vapnek EM, et al. Current trends in prostate cancer diagnosis and staging among United States urologists. J Urol. 1997;158(5):1853-1858.
3. Schooler J. Unpublished results hide the decline effect. Nature. 2011; 470(7335):437.
4. Ioannidis JP. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Med. 2005;2(8):e124.
5. Xiao G, Bloch BN, Chappelow J, et al. Determining histology-MRI slice correspondences for defining MRI-based disease signatures of prostate cancer. Comp Med Imaging Graph. 2011;35(7-8):568-578.
6. Turkbey B, Pinto PA, Mani H, et al. Prostate cancer: value of multiparametric MR imaging at 3 T for detection--histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 2010;255(1):89-99.
7. Turkbey B, Pinto PA, Choyke PL. Imaging techniques for prostate cancer: implications for focal therapy. Nat Rev Urol. 2009;6(4):191-203.
8. Heijmink S, van Moerkerk H, Kiemeney L, et al. A comparison of the diagnostic performance of systematic versus ultrasound-guided biopsies of prostate cancer. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(4):927-938.
9. Halpern EJ, Frauscher F, Strup SE, et al. Prostate: high-frequency Doppler US imaging for cancer detection. Radiology. 2002;225(1):71-77.
10. Sehgal CM, Arger PH, Holzer AC, et al. Correlation between Doppler vascular density and PSA response to radiation therapy in patients with localized prostate carcinoma. Acad Radiol. 2003;10(4):366-372.
11. Cornud F, Hamida K, Flam T, et al. Endorectal color doppler sonography and endorectal MR imaging features of nonpalpable prostate cancer: correlation with radical prostatectomy findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000; 175(4):1161-1168.
12. Halpern EJ. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of prostate cancer. Rev Urol. 2006;(8 suppl 1):S29-S37.
13. Halpern EJ, Ramey JR, Strup SE, et al. Detection of prostate carcinoma with contrast-enhanced sonography using intermittent harmonic imaging. Cancer. 2005;104(11):2373-2383.
14. Pelzer A, Bektic J, Berger AP, et al. Prostate cancer detection in men with prostate specific antigen 4 to 10 ng/ml using a combined approach of contrast enhanced color Doppler targeted and systematic biopsy. J Urol. 2005;173(6):1926-1929.
15. Halpern EJ, Rosenberg M, Gomella LG. Prostate cancer: contrastenhanced us for detection. Radiology. 2001;219(1):219-225.
16. Mitterberger M, Pinggera GM, Horninger W, et al. Comparison of contrast enhanced color Doppler targeted biopsy to conventional systematic biopsy: impact on Gleason score. J Urol. 2007;178(2):464-468.
17. Salomon G, Köllerman J, Thederan I, et al. Evaluation of prostate cancer detection with ultrasound real-time elastography: a comparison with step section pathological analysis after radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol. 2008;54(6):1354-1362.
18. Curiel L, Souchon R, Rouviére O, et al. Elastography for the follow-up of high-intensity focused ultrasound prostate cancer treatment: initial comparison with MRI. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2005;31(11):1461-1468.
19. Schnall MD, Imai Y, Tomaszewski J, et al. Prostate cancer: local staging with endorectal surface coil MR imaging. Radiology. 1991;178(3):797-802.
20. Villeirs GM, Verstraete KL, De Neve WJ, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging anatomy of the prostate and periprostatic area: a guide for radiotherapists. Radiother Oncol. 2005;76(1):99-106.
21. McLaughlin PW, Troyer S, Berri S, et al. Functional anatomy of the prostate: implications for treatment planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;63(2):479-491.
22. Rosenkrantz AB, Kopec M, Kong X, et al. Prostate cancer vs. postbiopsy hemorrhage: diagnosis with T2- and diffusion-weighted imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;31(6):1387-1394.
23. Schlemmer HP, Merkle J, Grobholz R, et al. Can pre-operative contrast-enhanced dynamic MR imaging for prostate cancer predict microvessel density in prostatectomy specimens? Eur Radiol. 2004;14(2):309-317.
24. Outwater EK, Petersen RO, Siegelman ES, et al. Prostate carcinoma: assessment of diagnostic criteria for capsular penetration on endorectal coil MR images. Radiology. 1994;193(2):333-339.
25. Sala E, Akin O, Moskowitz CS, et al. Endorectal MR imaging in the evaluation of seminal vesicle invasion: diagnostic accuracy and multivariate feature analysis. Radiology. 2006;238(3):929-937.
26. Petraki CD, Sfikas CP. Histopathological changes induced by therapies in the benign prostate and prostate adenocarcinoma. Histol Histopathol. 2007;22(1):107-118.
27. Pucar D, Shukla-Dave A, Hricak H, et al. Prostate cancer: correlation of MR imaging and MR spectroscopy with pathologic findings after radiation therapy-initial experience. Radiology. 2005;236(2):545-553.
28. Testa C, Schiavina R, Lodi R, et al. Prostate cancer: sextant localization with MR imaging, MR spectroscopy, and 11C-choline PET/CT. Radiology. 2007;244(3):797-806.
29. Weinreb JC, Blume JD, Coakley FV, et al. Prostate cancer: sextant localization at MR imaging and MR spectroscopic imaging before prostatectomy. Results of ACRIN prospective multi-institutional clinicopathologic study. Radiology. 2009;251(1):122-133.
30. Sonnad SS, Langlotz CP, Schwartz JS. Accuracy of MR imaging for staging prostate cancer: a meta-analysis to examine the effect of technologic change. Acad Radiol. 2001;8(2):149-157.
31. Quinn SF, Franzini DA, Demlow TA, et al. MR imaging of prostate cancer with an endorectal surface coil technique: correlation with wholemount specimens. Radiology. 1994;190(2):323-327.
32. Bloch BN, Furman-Haran E, Helbich TH, et al. Prostate cancer: accurate determination of extracapsular extension with high-spatial-resolution dynamic contrast-enhanced and T2-weighted MR imaging. Initial results. Radiology. 2007;245(1):176-185.
33. Hoeks CM, Barentsz JO, Hambrock T, et al. Prostate cancer: multiparametric MR imaging for detection, localization, and staging. Radiology. 2011;261(1):46-66.
34. Yu KK, Hricak H, Alagappan R, et al. Detection of extracapsular extension of prostate carcinoma with endorectal and phased-array coil MR imaging: multivariate feature analysis. Radiology. 1997;202(3):697-702.
35. Cornud F, Flam T, Chauveinc L, et al. Extraprostatic spread of clinically localized prostate cancer: factors predictive of pT3 tumor and of positive endorectal MR imaging examination results. Radiology. 2002;224(1):203-210.
36. Mullerad M, Hricak H, Wang L, et al. Prostate cancer: detection of extracapsular extension by genitourinary and general body radiologists at MR imaging. Radiology. 2004;232(1):140-146.
37. Heijmink SW, Fütterer JJ, Hambrock T, et al. Prostate cancer: bodyarray versus endorectal coil MR imaging at 3 T. Comparison of image quality, localization, and staging performance. Radiology. 2007;244(1):184-195.
38. Wang L, Mullerad M, Chen HN, et al. Prostate cancer: incremental value of endorectal MR imaging findings for prediction of extracapsular extension. Radiology. 2004;232(1):133-139.
39. Wang L, Hricak H, Kattan MW, et al. Prediction of organ-confined prostate cancer: incremental value of MR imaging and MR spectroscopic imaging to staging nomograms. Radiology. 2006;238(2):597-603.
40. Roethke MC, Lichy MP, Jurgschat L, et al. Tumor size dependent detection rate of endorectal MRI of prostate cancer--a histopathologic correlation with whole-mount sections in 70 patients with prostate cancer. Eur J Radiol. 2011;79(2):189-195.
41. Tiguert R, Gheiler EL, Tefilli MV, et al. Lymph node size does not correlate with the presence of prostate cancer metastasis. Urology. 1999;53(2):367-371.
42. Hövels AM, Heesakkers RA, Adang EM, et al. The diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI in the staging of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. Clin Radiol. 2008;63(4):387-395.
43. Heesakkers RA, Hövels AM, Jager GJ, et al. MRI with a lymph-nodespecific contrast agent as an alternative to CT scan and lymph-node dissection in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective multicohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2008;9(9):850-856.
44. Eiber M, Beer AJ, Holzapfel K, et al. Preliminary results for characterization of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer by diffusionweighted MR-imaging. Invest Radiol. 2010;45(1):15-23.
45. Jager GJ, Barentsz JO, Oosterhof GO, et al. Pelvic adenopathy in prostatic and urinary bladder carcinoma: MR imaging with a three-dimensional TI-weighted magnetization-prepared-rapid gradient-echo sequence. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;167(6):1503-1507.
46. Heesakkers RA, Jager GJ, Hövels AM, et al. Prostate cancer: detection of lymph node metastases outside the routine surgical area with ferumoxtran-10 enhanced MR imaging. Radiology. 2009;251(2):408-414.
47. Lauenstein TC, Goehde SC, Herborn CU, et al. Whole-body MR imaging: evaluation of patients for metastases. Radiology. 2004;233(1):139-148.
48. Schmidt G, Schoenberg S, Schmid R, et al. Screening for bone metastases: whole-body MRI using a 32-channel system versus dual-modality PET-CT. Eur Radiol. 2007;17(4):939-949.
49. Luboldt W, Küfer R, Blumstein N, et al. Prostate carcinoma: diffusionweighted imaging as potential alternative to conventional MR and 11C-choline PET/CT for detection of bone metastases. Radiology. 2008;249(3):1017-1025.
50. Jacobson AF. Association of prostate-specific antibody levels and patterns of benign and malignant uptake detected on bone scintigraphy in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Nucl Med Commun. 2000;21:617-622.
51. McArthur C, McLaughlin G, Meddings RN. Changing the referral criteria for bone scan in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. Br J Radiol. 2012;85(1012):390-394.
52. Huncharek M, Muscat J. Serum prostate-specific antigen as a predictor of radiographic staging studies in newly diagnosed prostate cancer. Cancer Invest. 1995;13(1):31-35.
53. Abuzallouf S, Dayes I, Lukka H. Baseline staging of newly diagnosed prostate cancer: a summary of the literature. J Urol. 2004;171(6 part 1): 2122-2127.
54. Wymenga LF, Boomsma JH, Groenier K, et al. Routine bone scans in patients with prostate cancer related to serum prostate-specific antigen and alkaline phosphatase. BJU Int. 2001;88(3):226-230.
55. Yap BK, Choo R, Deboer G, et al. Are serial bone scans useful for the follow-up of clinically localized, low to intermediate grade prostate cancer managed with watchful observation alone? BJU Int. 2003;91(7):613-617.
56. Pollen JJ, Witztum KF, Ashburn WL. The flare phenomenon on radionuclide bone scan in metastatic prostate cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1984;142(4):773-776.
57. Love C, Din AS, Tomas MB, et al. Radionuclide bone imaging: an illustrative review. Radiographics. 2003;23(2):341-358.
58. Cook GJ, Venkitaraman R, Sohaib AS, et al. The diagnostic utility of the flare phenomenon on bone scintigraphy in staging prostate cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011;38(1):7-13.
59. Even-Sapir E, Metser U, Mishani E, et al. The detection of bone metastases in patients with high-risk prostate cancer: 99mTc-MDP Planar bone scintigraphy, singleand multi-field-of-view SPECT, 18F-fluoride PET, and 18F-fluoride PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2006;47(2):287-297.
60. Yeh SD, Imbriaco M, Larson SM, et al. Detection of bony metastases of androgen-independent prostate cancer by PET-FDG. Nucl Med Biol. 1996;23(6):693-697.
61. Brassell SA, Rosner IL, McLeod DG. Update on magnetic resonance imaging, ProstaScint, and novel imaging in prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol. 2005;15(3):163-166.
62. Seltzer MA, Barbaric Z, Belldegrun A, et al. Comparison of helical computerized tomography, positron emission tomography and monoclonal antibody scans for evaluation of lymph node metastases in patients with prostate specific antigen relapse after treatment for localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 1999;162(4):1322-1328.
63. Lange PH. PROSTASCINT scan for staging prostate cancer. Urology. 2001;57(3):402-406.
64. Oyama N, Miller TR, Dehdashti F, et al. 11C-acetate PET imaging of prostate cancer: detection of recurrent disease at PSA relapse. J Nucl Med. 2003;44(4):549-555.
65. Fricke E, Machtens S, Hofmann M, et al. Positron emission tomography with 11C-acetate and 18-FDG in prostate cancer patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2003;30(4):607-611.
66. Yu EY, Muzi M, Hackenbracht JA, et al. C11-acetate and F-18 FDG PET for men with prostate cancer bone metastases: relative findings and response to therapy. Clin Nucl Med. 2011;36(3):192-198.
67. Rodriguez-González A, Ramirez de Molina A, Benitez-Rajal J, et al. Phospholipase D and choline kinase: their role in cancer development and their potential as drug targets. Prog Cell Cycle Res. 2003;5:191-201.
68. de Jong IJ, Pruim J, Elsinga PH, et al. Visualization of prostate cancer with 11C-choline positron emission tomography. Eur Urol. 2002;42(1):18-23.
69. Hara T, Kosaka N, Kishi H. PET imaging of prostate cancer using carbon-11-choline. J Nucl Med. 1998;39(6):990-995.
70. Kotzerke J, Prang J, Neumaier B, et al. Experience with carbon-11 choline positron emission tomography in prostate carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2000;27(9):1415-1419.
71. Reske SN, Blumstein NM, Neumaier B, et al. Imaging prostate cancer with 11C-choline PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2006;47(8):1249-1254.
72. de Jong IJ, Pruim J, Elsinga PH, et al. 11C-choline positron emission tomography for the evaluation after treatment of localized prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2003;44(1):32-39.
73. Schmid DT, John H, Zweifel R, et al. Fluorocholine PET/CT in patients with prostate cancer: initial experience. Radiology. 2005;235(2):623-628.
74. Vees H, Buchegger F, Albrecht S, et al. 18F-choline and/or 11C- acetate positron emission tomography: detection of residual or progressive subclinical disease at very low prostate-specific antigen values (<1 ng/mL) after radical prostatectomy. BJU Int. 2007;99(6):1415-1420.
75. Schuster DM, Votaw JR, Nieh PT, et al. Initial experience with the radiotracer anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid with PET/ CT in prostate carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2007;48(1):56-63.
76. Hofer C, Laubenbacher C, Block T, et al. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is useless for the detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol. 1999;36(1):31-35.
77. Krämer S, Görich J, Gottfried HW, et al. Sensitivity of computed tomography in detecting local recurrence of prostatic carcinoma following radical prostatectomy. Br J Radiol. 1997;70(838):995-999.
78. Abi-Aad AS, Macfarlane MT, Stein A, et al. Detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy by prostate specific antigen and transrectal ultrasound. J Urol. 1992;147(3 pt 2):952-955.
79. Leventis AK, Shariat SF, Slawin KM. Local recurrence after radical prostatectomy: correlation of US features with prostatic fossa biopsy findings. Radiology. 2001;219(2):432-439.
80. Tamsel S, Killi R, Apaydin E, et al. The potential value of power Doppler ultrasound imaging compared with grey-scale ultrasound findings in the diagnosis of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Clin Radiol. 2006;61(4):325-330.
81. Scattoni V, Roscigno M, Raber M, et al. Multiple vesico-urethral biopsies following radical prostatectomy: the predictive roles of TRUS, DRE, PSA and the pathological stage. Eur Urol. 2003;44(4):407-414.
82. Rouvière O, Glas L, Girouin N, et al. Prostate cancer ablation with transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound: assessment of tissue destruction with contrast-enhanced US. Radiology. 2011;259(2):583-591.
83. De Visschere PJ, De Meerleer GO, Fütterer JJ, et al. Role of MRI in follow-up after focal therapy for prostate carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;194(6):1427-1433.
84. Sella T, Schwartz LH, Swindle PW, et al. Suspected local recurrence after radical prostatectomy: endorectal coil MR imaging. Radiology. 2004;231(2):379-385.
85. Sciarra A, Panebianco V, Salciccia S, et al. Role of dynamic contrastenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and proton MR spectroscopic imaging in the detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2008;54(3):589-600.
86. Casciani E, Polettini E, Carmenini E, et al. Endorectal and eynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for detection of local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(5):1187-1192.
87. Chen M, Hricak H, Kalbhen CL, et al. Hormonal ablation of prostatic cancer: effects on prostate morphology, tumor detection, and staging by endorectal coil MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;166(5):1157-1163.
88. Sheaff MT, Baithun SI. Effects of radiation on the normal prostate gland. Histopathology. 1997;30(4):341-348.
89. Coakley FV, Hricak H, Wefer AE, et al. Brachytherapy for prostate cancer: endorectal MR imaging of local treatment-related changes. Radiology. 2001;219(3):817-821.
90. Kim CK, Park BK, Lee HM. Prediction of locally recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy: incremental value of 3T diffusion-weighted MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2009;29(2):391-397.
91. Rouvière O, Girouin N, Glas L, et al. Prostate cancer transrectal HIFU ablation: detection of local recurrences using T2-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Eur Radiol. 2010;20(1):48-55.
92. Kim CK, Park BK, Park W, et al. Prostate MR imaging at 3T using a phased-arrayed coil in predicting locally recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy: preliminary experience. Abdom Imaging. 2009;35(2):246-252.
93. Westphalen AC, Coakley FV, Roach M III, et al. Locally recurrent prostate cancer after external beam radiation therapy: diagnostic performance of 1.5-T endorectal MR imaging and MR spectroscopic imaging for detection. Radiology. 2010;256(2):485-492.