Braskem's Ethanol to Polyethylene Process Development

Catalytic Process Development for Renewable Materials

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 149-165

  de Andrade Coutinho, Paulo Luiz ^a   Morita, Augusto Teruo ^a   Cassinelli, Luis F ^a   Morschbacker, Antonio ^a   Werneck Do Carmo, Roberto ^a  

^a Braskem SA   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Bioplastic; Ethanol; Ethylene; dehydration technology; Polyethylene; Renewable feedstock

Indexed keywords

EID: 84879335394     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9783527656639.ch6     Document Type: Chapter

References (49)

1. European Bioplastics Bioplastics. http:// en.european-bioplastics.org/bioplastics/ (accessed 25 February 2012).
2. Morschbacker, A., and Thielen, M. (2010) Basics of bio-polyethylene. Bioplastics Mag., Sept 2010. pp. 52-55.
3. BNDES, and CGEE (2008) Sugarcanebased ethanol - Energy for Sustainable Development. Bioetanol, p. 189, http:// www.bioetanoldecana.org/en/download/ bioetanol.pdf (accessed 27 February 2012).
4. van den Wall Bake, J.D., et al. (2009) Explaining the experience curve: cost reductions of Brazilian ethanol from sugarcane. Biomass Bioenergy, 33 (4), 644-648.
5. UNICA The Industry - Production Map. UNICA - SugarCane Industry Association, http://english.unica.com.br/content/ show.asp?cntCode=%7BD6C39D36-69BA-458D-A95C-815C87E4404D%7D (accessed 28 February 2012).
6. IBGE (2006) Censo Agropecuário 2006. http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/ economia/agropecuaria/censoagro/2006/ default.shtm (accessed 12 April 2012).
7. ANEEL (2012) Banco de Informações de Geração. ANEEL - Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica, http://www.aneel.gov.br/ aplicacoes/capacidadebrasil/ OperacaoCapacidadeBrasil.asp (accessed 28 February 2012).
8. New York Times (2012) After Three Decades, Tax Credit for Ethanol Expires. New York Times. http:// www.nytimes.com/2012/01/02/business/ energy-environment/after-three-decadesfederal-tax-credit-for-ethanol-expires.html (accessed 27 February 2012).
9. The truth about cars (2011) U.S. Congress Stops Ethanol Subsidies & Tariff on Brazilian Imports. The truth about cars. http://www.thetruthaboutcars. com/2011/12/u-s-congress-stops-ethanolsubsidies-tariff-on-brazilian-imports/ (accessed 27 February 2012).
10. Crago, C.L., et al. (2010) Competitiveness of Brazilian Sugarcane Ethanol Compared to US Corn Ethanol. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association - University of Minnesota Department of Applied Economics, http:// ageconsearch.umn.edu/ bitstream/60895/2/Crago_ CostofCornandSugarcaneEthanol_ AAEA.pdf (accessed 27 February 2012).
11. Western Farm Press (2012) Brazil's Tax on Imported Ethanol Sparks Investigation Cry, Western Farm Press, http:// westernfarmpress.com/government/ brazil-s-tax-imported-ethanol-sparksinvestigation-cry (accessed 27 February 2012).
12. Kuhlmann, T. (2011) Converting European Sugar Beets into High High-Value Products. German-Brazilian Workshop on Value Creation from Bio-resources. São Paulo: s.n., 03 16, 2011.
13. Ethanol Summit 2011 (2011) Ethanol Summit 2011. UNICA, http:// english.unica.com.br/multimedia/ (accessed 28 February 2012).
14. Fourcroy (1797) Ann. Chim. January 1797, pp. 48-71.
15. Deiman, J.R., et al. (1795) Crell's Chem. Ann., 195 (2), 195-205, 310-316, 430-440.
16. Priestley, J., and Banks, J. (1783) Experiments relating to phlogiston, and the seeming conversion of water into air. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, 73, 398-434.
17. Morschbacker, A. (2009) Bio-ethanol based ethylene. J. Macromol. Sci. Part C., 49, 79-84.
18. Marcos, C.A.N. Chemicals from Ethanol, SRI Consulting, Menlo Park, 2007.
19. Baratelli, F., Jr. (1980) Projeto Eteno de álcool. B. Téc Petrobras, 23 (2), 91-100.
20. The Coca-Cola Company (2012) PlantBottle® Basics. http://www. thecoca-colacompany.com/citizenship/ plantbottle_basics.html (accessed 21 February 2012).
21. Chinn, H., and Kumamoto, T. (2010) CEH Marketing Research Report. s.l.: SRI Consulting, 652.4000 A.
22. Coca-Cola to announce PlantBottle partners (2011) ICIS Green Chemicals. [Online] 12 14, 2011, http://www.icis. com/blogs/green-chemicals/2011/12/ coca-cola-to-announce-plantbot.html (accessed 21 February 2012).
23. The Coca-Cola Company (2012) PlantBottle Frequently Asked Question. http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/ citizenship/plantbottle_faq.html (accessed 21 February 2012).
24. Scientific Design Company, Inc. (2012) [Online] http://www.scidesign.com/ (accessed 21 February 2012).
25. Bruscino, M. (2010) Scientific design's ethanol to monoethylene glycol technology. Hydrocarbon World, 5 (2), 12-16.
26. Petron Scientech Inc. (2012) [Online] http://www.petronscientech.com/ technologies.htm (accessed 21 February 2012).
27. Guzmán, D. (2012) http:// greenchemicalsblog.com/2012/10/26/ toyota-tsushos-bio-pet-rolls-out/ (accessed 4 January 2013).
28. Plastics Today (2008) Solvay Indupa Invests in Sugar-cane-derived Ethylene for PVC. http://www.plasticstoday.com/ articles/solvay-indupa-invests-sugar-canederived-ethylene-pvc (accessed 21 February 2012).
29. Tan, F. (2005) Songyuan Ji'an Biochem Eyes Ethanol-to-ethylene Unit. ICIS. [Online] 10 31, 2005, http://www.icis. com/Articles/2005/10/31/1017275/songyuanjian-biochem-eyes-ethanol-to-ethyleneunit. html (accessed 21 February 2012).
30. Lundgren, A., and Hjertberg, T. (2010) Ethylene from renewable resources, in Surfactants from Renewable Resources, (eds M. Kjellin and I. Johansson), John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, p. 6.
31. Braskem S.A. (2011) From Brazil to the World. Braskem - I'm green, http:// www.braskem.com.br/plasticoverde/eng/ unidade-industrial.html (accessed 21 February 2012).
32. Biofuels Digest (2011) The Sugar Rush: Dow, Mitsui Revive Major Renewables Project in Brazil. Biofuels Digest. [Online] 07 20, 2011, http://www.biofuelsdigest. com/bdigest/2011/07/20/the-sugar-rushdow-mitsui-revive-major-renewablesproject-in-brazil/ (accessed 21 February 2012).
33. Carmo, R.W., Belloli, R., and Morschbacker, A. (2012) Green polyethylene. Bol. Inf. CETEA, 24, 1, 1-5.
34. Braskem S.A. (2011) Braskem - Code of Conduct for Suppliers of Ethanol. [Online] http://www.braskem.com.br/ plasticoverde/doc/bras2011-codigo-deconduta. pdf (accessed 12 February 2012).
35. UDOP (2011) Código de conduta do etanol na Braskem completa um ano com adesão de 93%. União dos produtores de bioenergia. [Online] 11 19, 2011, http:// www.udop.com.br/index.php?item=notici as&cod=1078879 (accessed 21 February 2012).
36. Nguyen, T.M., and Mao, R.L.V. (1990) Conversion of ethanol in aqueous solution over ZSM-5 zeolites. Appl. Catal., 58, 119-129.
37. Phillips, C.B., and Datta, R. (1997) Production of ethylene from hydrous ethanol on H-ZSM-5 under mild conditions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 36, 4466-4475.
38. Butt, J.B., Bliss, H., and Walker, C.A. (1969) Reaction rates in a recycling system - dehydration of ethanol and diethyl ether over alumina. AIChE J., 8 (1), 42-47.
39. Winter, O., and Meng-Teck, E. (1976) Make ethylene from ethanol. Hydrocarbon Process., Nov, 125-133.
40. Kochar, N.K., Merims, R., and Padia, A.S. (1981) Ethylene from ethanol. Chem. Eng. Progress, 77 (6), 66-70.
41. Kagyrmanova, A.P., Chumachenko, V.A., Korotkikh, V.N., Kashkin, V.N., and Noskov, A.S. (2011) Catalytic dehydration of bioethanol to ethylene: pilot-scale studies and process. Chem. Eng. J., 176, 188-194.
42. Morávek, V., and Kraus, M. (1986) Kinetics of individual steps in reaction network ethanol-ether-ethylene-water on alumina. Collect. Czech. Chern. Commun., 51, 763-773.
43. Zhang, X., Wang, R., Yang, X., and Zhang, F. (2008) Comparison of four catalysts in the catalytic dehydration of ethanol to ethylene. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 116, 210-215.
44. Wu, L., Shi, X., Cui, Q., Wang, H., and Huang, H. (2011) Effects of the SAPO-11 synthetic process on dehydration of ethanol to ethylene. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 5 (1), 60-66.
45. Kochar, N.K., and Marcell, R.L. (1980) Ethylene from ethanol: the economics are improved. Chem. Eng., 87 (2), 80-81.
46. Morais, E.R., Lunelli, B.H., Jaimes, R.R., Victorino, I.R.S., Maciel, M.R.W., and Maciel Filho, R. (2011) Development of an industrial multitubular fixed bed catalytic reactor as CAPE-OPEN unit operation model applied to ethene production by ethanol dehydration process. Chem. Eng. Trans., 24, 403-408.
47. Tsao, U., and Zasloff, H.B. (1979) Production of ethylene from ethanol. US Patent 4,134,926.
48. Pinho, A.R., Cabral, J.A.R., and Leite, L.F. Process for converting ethanol and hydrocarbons in a fluidized catalytic cracking unit, US patent 7,867,378, 2011.
49. Ethylene from ethanol. [Online] http:// www.chematur.se/sok/download/ Ethylene_rev_0904.pdf (accessed 21 February 2012).