Ethylene from Renewable Resources

Surfactants from Renewable Resources

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 109-126

  Lundgren, Anna ^a   Hjertberg, Thomas ^b  

^a CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

^b BOREALIS AB   (Sweden)

Author keywords

'peak oil scenario'; Bioethylene commercialization; Ethylene from renewable resources; Ethylene oxide key material in surfactant and detergent production; Ethylene production from renewable feedstock; Ethylene, important intermediate in chemical industry; EU directive and electricity consumption from renewable resources; Fossil fuel streams ethane, propane, butane and naphtha; Renewable feedstocks for polymers; Starch based plastics, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLA)

Indexed keywords

EID: 84885990472     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470686607.ch6     Document Type: Chapter

References (36)

1. (2007) Petrochemical Market Dynamics: Olefins, www.nextant.com (accessed 15 May 2009).
2. European Bioplastics (2008) Bioplastics, Frequently Asked Questions, p. 4, http://www. european-bioplastics.org/index.php?id=191.
3. (2007) Braskem has the First Certified Green Polyethylene in the World, Press release, www.braskem.com (accessed 5 May 2009).
4. (2007) Braskem Confirms Investment to Produce 200 kton/year of Green Polyethylene, 30/10/2007, Press release, http://www.braskem.com.br/site/portal_braskem/en/sala_de_ imprensa/sala_de_imprensa_detalhes_6970.aspx (accessed 5 May 2009).
5. www.coskata.com (accessed 15 May 2009).
6. (2007) Solvay News, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Derived from Sugar Cane and Salt, www. solvay.com (accessed 15 May 2009).
7. (2003) European Directive 2003/30/EC on the Promotion of the Use of Biofuels or Other Renewable Fuels for Transport.
8. (2001) European Directive 2001/77/EC on the Promotion of Electricity Produced from Renewable Energy Sources in the Internal Electricity Market.
9. Crell's Annalen, 1795 (2), 195, 310, 430.
10. Howat (1946) Coke Smokel. Fuel Age, 8, 177.
11. Stanley, H. M. (1969) History of ethylene and its industrial utilisation, in Ethylene and Its Industrial Derivatives (ed. S. A. Miller), Ernest Benn Ltd, London.
12. Choren (2009) The Key Element in the Technology: The Carbo-V Process, www.choren.com (accessed 12 May 2009).
13. (2008) CHEMREC to Build World's First BioDME Advanced Biofuels Plant, Press release, www.chemrec.se (accessed 12 May 2009).
14. Gas to Chemicals, http://www.lurgi.com/website/fileadmin/user_upload/1_PDF/1_Broshures_ Flyer/englisch/B_0305e_Gas-to-Chemicals.pdf (accessed 12 May 2009).
15. (2004) UOP/HYDRO MTO Process Methanol to Olefins Conversion, www.uop.com (accessed.
16. Nouri, S. and Kaggerud, K. (2006) Waste-to-Plastics: Process Alternatives, Department of Energy and Environment, Environmental Systems Analysis Division, p. 71.
17. Berg, C. (2004) World Fuel Ethanol-Analysis and Outlook, www.distill.com (accessed 15 May 2009).
18. Ethanol Pilot Plant-Introduction, www.sekab.com (accessed 15 May 2009).
19. Concept and Technology, www.biogasol.com (accessed 5 May 2009).
20. Bio-Ethylene/Ethylene Oxide/Ethylene Glycol, www.chemtex.com/templates/ethylene.html (accessed 15 May 2009).
21. Winter, O. and Ming, E. (1976) Make ethylene from ethanol. Hydrocarb. Process., 55 (11), 125-133.
22. Phillips, C. B. and Datta, R. (1997) Ind. Engng Chem. Res., 36, 4466-4475.
23. Nguyen, T. M. and Mao, R. L. V. (1990) Appl. Catal., 58, 119-129.
24. Wilson, S. and Barger, P. (1999) Microporous Mater., 29, 117-126.
25. Inoue, M., Dhupatemiya, P. and Inui, T. (1999) Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 28, 19-24.
26. Kang, M. (1999) J. Molec. Catal. A: Chem., 159, 205-212.
27. Kang, M. (2000) J. Molec. Catal. A: Chem., 160, 437-444.
28. Zhang, X., Wang, R., Yang, X. and Zhang, F. et al. (2008) Comparison of four catalysts in the catalytic dehydration of ethanol to ethylene. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 116 (1-3), 210-215.
29. Barrocas, H. V. and Lacerda, A. I. (2007) Process for production of ethylene from ethyl alcohol, WO 2007/134415 A2.
30. Banholtzer, W. F., Watson, K. J. and Jones, M. E. (2008) How might biofuels impact the chemical industry?, ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry, 104 (3), 7-14.
31. Baumann, H. and Tillman, A.-M. (2004) The Hitch Hiker's Guide to LCA. An Orientation in Life Cycle Assessment Methodology and Application, Studentlitteratur, Lund.
32. (2007) JRC/CONCAWE/EUCAR, http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/WTW.
33. Patel, M. K., Medium and long-term opportunities and risks of the biotechnological production of bulk chemicals from renewable resources, http://www.chem.uu.nl/brew/.
34. Macedo, I. d. C. (2004) Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Production and Use of Fuel Ethanol in Brazil, Government of the State Sao Paulo, Brazil.
35. Arnold, J. R. and Libby, W. F. (1949) Age determinations by radiocarbon content: checks with samples of known age. Science, 110 (2869), 678-680.
36. ASTM Standard D6866-08 (2008) Standard Test Methods for determining the Biobased Content in Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous Samples Using Radiocarbon Analysis, ASTM International, www.astm.org.