Survey shows consumers open to a greater role for physician assistants and nurse practitioners

Health Affairs

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1135-1142

  Dill, Michael J ^a   Pankow, Stacie ^b   Erikson, Clese ^b   Shipman, Scott ^b  

^a ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES   (United States)

^b AAMC Center for Workforce Studies   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONSUMER; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NURSE PRACTITIONER; PATIENT PREFERENCE; PHYSICIAN; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT; UNITED STATES;

CONSUMER ISSUES; NURSE PRACTITIONER; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT; PHYSICIANS; WORKFORCE ISSUES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NURSE PRACTITIONERS; PATIENT PREFERENCE; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS; PHYSICIANS, PRIMARY CARE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84879270194     PISSN: 02782715     EISSN: 15445208     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1150     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Dill MJ, Salsberg ES. The complexities of physician supply and demand: projections through 2025 [Internet]. Washington (DC): Association of American Medical Colleges; 2008 [cited 2013 May 2]. Available from: https:// members.aamc.org/eweb/upload/ The%20Complexities%20of %20Physician%20Supply.pdf
2. Salsberg E, Grover A. Physician workforce shortages: implications and issues for academic health centers and policymakers. Acad Med. 2006;81(9):782-87.
3. Colwill JM, Cultice JM, Kruse RL. Will generalist physician supply meet demands of an increasing and aging population? Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27(3):w232-41. DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.27.3.w232.
4. Cooper RA, Getzen TE, McKee HJ, Laud P. Economic and demographic trends signal an impending physician shortage. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21(1):140-54.
5. Petterson SM, Liaw WR, Phillips RL, Rabin DL, Meyers DS, Bazemore AW. Projecting US primary care physician workforce needs: 2010-2025. Ann Fam Med. 2012;10:503-9.
6. Ku L, Jones K, Shin P, Bruen B, Hayes K. The states' next challenge- securing primary care for expanded Medicaid populations. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(6):493-5.
7. Association of American Medical Colleges. The impact of health care reform on the future supply and demand for physicians, updated projections through 2025 [Internet].Washington (DC): AAMC; 2010 [cited 2013 May 2]. Available from: https://www.aamc.org/ download/158076/data/updated_ projections_through_2025.pdf
8. Physician Assistant Education Association. The projected physician shortage and implications for PAs. PAEA Networker [serial on the Internet]. 2006 Nov [cited 2013 May 2]. Available from: http:// www.paeaonline.org/Networker/ 1106Networker/1106Keynote.htm
9. Naylor MD, Kurtzman ET. The role of nurse practitioners in reinventing primary care. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010;29(5):893-9.
10. Buswell LA, Ponte PR, Shulman LN. Provider practice models in ambulatory oncology practice: analysis of productivity, revenue, and provider and patient satisfaction. J Oncol Pract. 2009;5(4):188-92.
11. Margolius D, Bodenheimer T. Primary care: current problems and proposed solutions. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010;29(5):779-84.
12. Cooper RA. New directions for nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the era of physician shortages. Acad Med. 2007;82(9): 827-8.
13. Everett CM, Schumacher JR, Wright A, Smith MA. Physician assistants and nurse practitioners as a usual source of care. J Rural Health. 2009;25(4):407-14.
14. Jones PE. Physician assistant education in the United States. Acad Med. 2007;82(9):882-7.
15. Hess C. Health reform could be boon for nurse practitioners. Business Journal [serial on the Internet]. 2009 Aug 23 [cited 2011 Dec 5]. Available from: http://www .bizjournals.com/milwaukee/ stories/2009/08/24/story12.html
16. Hooker RS, Berlin LE. Trends in the supply of physician assistants and nurse practitioners in the United States. Health Aff (Millwood). 2002;21(5):174-81.
17. Bodenheimer T, Pham HH. Primary care: current problems and proposed solutions. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010;29(5):799-805.
18. Aiken LH, Cheung RB, Olds DM. Education policy initiatives to address the nurse shortage in the United States. Health Aff (Millwood). 2009;28(4):w646-56. DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.28.4.w646.
19. Horrocks S, Anderson E, Salisbury C. Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors. BMJ. 2002;324:819-23.
20. Kinnersley P, Anderson E, Parry K, Clement J, Archard L, Turton P, et al. Randomised controlled trial of nurse practitioner versus general practitioner care for patients requesting "same day" consultations in primary care. BMJ. 2000;320:1043-8.
21. Larkin GL, Hooker RS. Patient willingness to be seen by physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and residents in the emergency department: does the presumption of assent have an empirical basis? Am J Bioethics. 2010;10(8):1-10.
22. Hooker RS, McCaig LF. Use of physician assistants and nurse practitioners in primary care, 1995-1999. Health Aff (Millwood). 2001;20(4):231-8.
23. Nelson EC, Jacobs AR, Johnson KG. Patients' acceptance of physician's assistants. JAMA. 1974;228(1):63-7.
24. Oliver DR, Conboy JE, Donahue WJ, Daniels MA, McKelvey PA. Patients' satisfaction with physician assistant services. Physician Assistant. 1986;10(7):51-4, 57-60.
25. Strunk HK. Patient attitudes toward physician's assistants. Calif Med. 1973;118:73-7.
26. Sulmasy DP, McIlvane JM. Patients' ratings of quality and satisfaction with care at the end of life. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:2098-104.
27. Shum C, Humphreys A, Wheeler D, Cochrane MA, Skoda S, Clement S. Nurse management of patients with minor illnesses in general practice: multicentre, randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2000;320:1038-43.
28. Toluna. Frequently asked questions [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2011 Dec 19]. Available from: http://us.toluna .com/help#S2Q2
29. Census Bureau. Current Population Survey, Hispanic Population in the United States [Internet]. Washington (DC): The Bureau; 2009 Mar. Table 1, Population by sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race: 2009 [cited 2013 May 2]. Available from: http://www.census.gov/population/ socdemo/hispanic/cps2009/CPS- 2009-table01.xls
30. Hooker RS, Potts R, Ray W. Patient satisfaction: comparing physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and physicians. Permanente J. 1997; 1(1):38-42.
31. The following definition of these practitioners was provided: "Physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) are licensed practitioners that are trained in the diagnosis and treatment of illness and treat patients in primary care and specialty care settings. They can prescribe medicine and may practice independently and/or collaboratively with physicians."
32. The order in which these two scenarios were asked of respondents was randomized.
33. Kirch DG, Henderson MK, Dill MJ. Physician workforce projections in an era of health care reform. Annu Rev Med. 2012;63(4):435-45.
34. Hing E, Uddin S. Physician assistant and advance practice nurse care in hospital outpatient departments: United States, 2008-2009. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics; 2011. (NCHS Data Brief No. 77).
35. Sargen M, Hooker RS, Cooper RA. Gaps in the supply of physicians, advance practice nurses, and physician assistants. J Am Coll Surg. 2011;12(6):991-9.
36. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The number of practicing primary care physicians in the United States [Internet]. Rockville (MD): AHRQ; 2011 Oct [cited 2013 Jan 22]. (Primary Care Workforce Facts and Stats No. 1, Pub. No. 12- P001-2-EF). Available from: http:// www.ahrq.gov/research/ pcwork1.htm
37. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The number of nurse practitioners and physician assistants practicing primary care in the United States [Internet]. Rockville (MD): AHRQ; 2011 Oct [cited 2013 Jan 22]. (Primary Care Workforce Facts and Stats No. 2; Pub. No. 12-P001-3-EF). Available from: http://www.ahrq .gov/research/pcwork2.htm
38. Morgan PA, Abbott DH, McNeil RB, Fisher DA. Characteristics of primary care office visits to nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and physicians in United States Veterans Health Administration facilities, 2005 to 2010: a retrospective crosssectional analysis. Hum Resour Health. 2012;10:42-9.
39. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. National healthcare disparities report 2011 [Internet]. Rockville (MD): AHRQ; 2012 Mar [cited 2013 May 13]. (Pub. No. 12- 0006). Available from: http://www .ahrq.gov/research/findings/ nhqrdr/nhdr11/nhdr11.pdf
40. Hooker RS, Harrison K, Pashen D. Are Australians willing to be treated by a physician assistant? Australasian Med J. 2010;3(7): 407-13.
41. US Congress Office of Technology Assessment. Nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and certified nurse-midwives: a policy analysis. Washington (DC): Government Printing Office; 1986. (Health Technology Case Study No. 37; Pub. No. OTA-HCS-37).
42. Venning P, Durie A, Roland M, Roberts C, Leese B. Randomised controlled trial comparing cost effectiveness of general practitioners and nurse practitioners in primary care. BMJ. 2000;320:1048-53.
43. Mundinger MO, Kane RL, Lenz ER, Totten AM, Tsai WY, Cleary PD, et al. Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2000;283(1):59-68.
44. Mehrotra A, Lave JR. Visits to retail clinics grew fourfold from 2007 to 2009, although their share of overall outpatient visits remains low. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012;31(9):1-7.