Gaps in the supply of physicians, advance practice nurses, and physician assistants

Journal of the American College of Surgeons

Volumn 212, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 991-999

  Sargen, Michael ^a   Hooker, Roderick S ^b   Cooper, Richard A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b LEWIN GROUP   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL COMPETENCE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE NEED; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HUMAN; NURSE PRACTITIONER; NURSING SHORTAGE; PERSONNEL SHORTAGE; PHYSICIAN; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT; POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESIDENCY EDUCATION;

ADULT; ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE REFORM; HEALTH MANPOWER; HEALTH SERVICES NEEDS AND DEMAND; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NURSE CLINICIANS; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS; PHYSICIANS; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 79957622748     PISSN: 10727515     EISSN: 18791190     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.03.005     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Cooper RA. Weighing the evidence for expanding physician supply. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:705-714. (Pubitemid 39434843)
2. Sheldon GF. The surgeon shortage: constructive participation during health reform. J Am Coll Surg 2010;210:887-894.
3. Etzioni DA, Liu JH, Maggard MA, Ko CY. The aging population and its impact on the surgery workforce. Ann Surg 2003;238:170-177. (Pubitemid 38174489)
4. Liu JH, Etzioni DAA, O'Connell JB, et al. The increasing workload of general surgery. Arch Surg 2004;139:423-428. (Pubitemid 38451586)
5. Etzioni DA, Liu JH, Maggard MA, et al. Workload projections for surgical oncology: will we need more surgeons? Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:1112-1127.
6. Haralson RH, Zuckerman JD. Prevalence, health care expenditures, and orthopedic surgery workforce for musculoskeletal conditions. JAMA 2009;302:1586-1587.
7. Cooper RA, Laud P, Dietrich CL. The current and projected workforce of non-physician clinicians. JAMA 1998;280:788-794. (Pubitemid 28406753)
8. Cooper RA, Henderson T, Dietrich CL. The roles of non-physicians clinicians as autonomous providers of patient care. JAMA 1998;280:795-802. (Pubitemid 28406754)
9. Council on Licensure, Enforcement and Regulation. North American regulatory boards. Available at: http://www.clearhq.org/Default.aspx?pageId= 481248. Accessed September 15, 2010.
10. >Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational outlook handbook, 2010-2011. Available: http://www.bls.gov/oco/ Accessed September 15, 2010.
11. Cooper RA. New directions for nurse practitioners and physician assistants in the era of physician shortages. Acad Med 2007;82:827-828. (Pubitemid 47339810)
12. Executive Office of the President, Council of Economic Advisers. The Economic Case for Health Care Reform, June 2009. Available at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/assets/documents/CEA-Health-Care-Report.pdf. Accessed September 15, 2010.
13. Elmendorf DW. Letter to Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid. November 18, 2009. Congressional BudgetOffice. Available at: www.cbo.gov. Accessed September 15, 2010.
14. Sisko AM, Truffer CJ, Keehan SP, et al. National health spending projections: the estimated impact of reform through 2019. Health Affairs Web First, September 9, 2010. Available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/ content/abstract/hlthaff.2010.0788v1. Accessed September 15, 2010.
15. Newhouse JP. Assessing health reform's impact on four key groups of Americans. Health Affairs 2010;29:1714-1724.
16. Sisko AM, Truffer CT, Keehan SP, et al. National health spending projections: the estimated impact of reform through 2019. Health Affairs 2010;29:1933-1941.
17. Cooper RA, Getzen TE, Laud P. Economic expansion is a major determinant of physician supply and utilization. Health Serv Res 2003;38:675-696. (Pubitemid 36570034)
18. Cooper RA, Getzen TE, McKee HJ, Laud P. Economic and demographic trends signal an impending physician shortage. Health Affairs 2002;21:140-154.
19. Cooper RA. Adjusted needs? Modeling the specialty physician workforce. Am Assoc Neurol Surg Bull 2000;9:13-14.
20. Cooper RA. Forecasting the physician workforce. In: Papers and Proceedings of the 11th Federal Forecasters Conference. Washington, DC: US Department of Education; 2000:87-96.
21. Wilson CB. Facing shortage, we can't just pull doctors out of a hat [Commentary]. Available at: http://www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2011/01/10/ edca0110.htm. Accessed January 17, 2010.
22. Mick SS. The physician "surplus" and the decline of professional dominance. J Health Politics Policy Law 2004;29:907-924. (Pubitemid 39490435)
23. Council on Graduate Medical Education. Physician Workforce Policy Guidelines for the US for 2000-2020. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2005.
24. Kirch DG, Vernon DJ. Confronting the complexity of the physician workforce equation. JAMA 2009;299:2680-2682. (Pubitemid 351831598)
25. American Medical Association. Physician characteristics and distribution in the US, 2008. Chicago, IL: American Medical Association; 2007.
26. Health Resources and Services Administration. The registered nurse population: findings from the 2004 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2006.
27. Health Resources and Services Administration. The registered nurse population: initial findings from the 2008 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2010.
28. American Academy of Physician Assistants. National physician assistants census report: results from AAPA's 2009 Census. American Academy of Physician Assistants, 2010. Available at: http://www.aapa.org/images/stories/Data-2009/ National-Final-with-Graphics.pdf. Accessed September 15, 2010.
29. rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis; 2010.
30. Bureau of the Census. National and state population estimates. Available at: http://www.census.gov/popest/states/NST-annest.html. Accessed September 15, 2010.
31. Cooper RA. It's time to address the problem of physician shortages: graduate medical education is the key. Ann Surg 2007;246: 527-534. (Pubitemid 47480592)
32. Brotherton SE, Etzel SI. Graduate medical education, 2007-2008. JAMA 2008;300:1228-1243.
33. American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 2008-2009 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing. Washington, DC: American Association of Colleges of Nursing; 2010.
34. Liang M, Lane S. 25th Annual report on physician assistant educational programs, preliminary data, 2008-2009. Available at: http://paeaonline.org/ index.php?ht=a/GetDocumentAction/i/95879. Accessed September 15, 2010.
35. Accreditation Review Commission for Physician Assistant Education. Program data, 2010. Available at: http://www.arc-pa.com/acc-programs/program- data.html. Accessed September 15, 2010.
36. Staiger DO, Auerbach DI, Buerhaus PI. Comparison of physician workforce estimates and supply projections. JAMA 2009; 302:1674-1680.
37. Staiger DO, Auerbach DI, Buerhaus PI. Trends in the work hours of physicians in the United States. JAMA 2010;303:747-753.
38. Bureau of the Census. Labor force participation rates for professionals. Current Population Survey, 2000. Available at: http://www.bls.gov/cps/ lfcharacteristics.htm#laborforce. Accessed September 15, 2010.
39. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. National Health Expenditures. Available at: http://www.cms.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/02- NationalHealthAccountsHistorical.asp#TopOfPage. Accessed September 15, 2010.
40. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer price indices. Available at: http://www.bls.gov/cpi/. Accessed September 15, 2010.
41. Truffer CJ, Keehan S, Smith S, et al. Health spending projections through 2019: the recession's impact continues. Health Affairs 2010;29:1-8.
42. Thorpe KE, Howard DH. The rise in spending among Medicare beneficiaries: the role of chronic disease prevalence and changes in treatment intensity. Health Affairs 2006;25:w378-w388.
43. Smith C, Cowan C, Heffler S, et al. National health spending in 2004: recent slowdown led by prescription drug spending. Health Affairs 2006;25:186-196.
44. Bureau of Labor Statistics. National employment, hours, earnings. Available at: http://data.bls.gov:8080/PDQ/outside.jsp?survey=eeLSLabor. Accessed September 15, 2010.
45. Cooper RA. Perspectives on the physician workforce to the year 2020. JAMA 1995;274:1534-1543.
46. st Century. JAMA 1994;272:680-687.
47. Barzansky B, Etzel SI. Medical schools in the United States, 2009-2010. JAMA 2010;304:1247-1254.
48. Cooper RA. Medical schools and their applicants, an analysis: if more physicians are required, can medical schools fill the gap? Health Affairs 2003;22:71-84.
49. Salsberg E, Rockey PH, Rivers KL, et al. US residency training before and after the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. JAMA 2008; 300:1174-1180.
50. Whitcomb ME. Putting patients first: the need to reform graduate medical education. Acad Med 2003;78:851-852. (Pubitemid 37129250)
51. Cooper RA. Forum on the impact of healthcare reform on surgery. Health care reform: from myth to practice. Ann Surg 2010; 252:577-581.