A systematic review of the clinical and economic effectiveness of clinical pharmacist intervention in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy

Volumn 19, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 408-416

  Altowaijri, Abdulaziz ^a   Phillips, Ceri J ^a   Fitzsimmons, Deborah ^a  

^a SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL PHARMACY; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS; COST UTILITY ANALYSIS; EVALUATION; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH EDUCATION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MORTALITY; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT EDUCATION; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PHARMACIST; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

EID: 84878970122     PISSN: 10834087     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2013.19.5.408     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2011. September 2011. Available at: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_profiles2011/en/index.html. Accessed April 23, 2013.
2. Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2009;119(3):e182.
3. Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011;123(4):e18-e209.
4. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Drug-eluting stents for the treatment of coronary artery disease (part review of NICE technology appraisal guidance 71). NICE technology appraisal guidance 152. July 2008. Available at: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12013/41262/41262.pdf. Accessed April 23, 2013.
5. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. CG108 Chronic heart failure: management of chronic heart failure in adults in primary and secondary care. NICE clinical guidelines. August 2010. Available at: http://publications. nice.org.uk/chronic-heart-failure-cg108. Accessed April 23, 2013.
6. Dickstein K, Cohen-Solal A, Filippatos G, et al. ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008. Eur Heart J. 2008;29(19):2388-442.
7. Braunschweig F, Cowie MR, Auricchio A. What are the costs of heart failure? Europace. 2011;13(Suppl 2):ii13-ii17.
8. British Heart Foundation. Heart statistics. 2012. Available at: http://www. bhf.org.uk/research/heart-statistics.aspx. Accessed April 23, 2013.
9. Manasse H Jr. Medication use in an imperfect world: drug misadventuring as an issue of public policy, Part 2. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1989;46(6):1141-52.
10. Fonarow GC, Yancy CW, Heywood JT; ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee, Study Group, and Investigators. Adherence to heart failure quality-of-care indicators in US hospitals: analysis of the ADHERE Registry. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(13):1469-77.
11. Lewis SJ, Robinson JG, Fox KM, et al. Underutilisation of cardiovascular medications among at-risk individuals. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(5):604-10.
12. Kaboli PJ, Hoth AB, McClimon BJ, Schnipper JL. Clinical pharmacists and inpatient medical care: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(9):955-64.
13. Beney J. What is clinical pharmacy? European Society of Clinical Pharmacy. December 11, 2010. Available at: http://www.escpweb.org/cms/Clinical_pharmacy. Accessed April 23, 2013.
14. American College of Clinical Pharmacy. The definition of clinical pharmacy. Pharmacotherapy. 2008;28(6):816-17.
15. Chisholm-Burns MA, Graff Zivin JS, Lee JK, et al. Economic effects of pharmacists on health outcomes in the United States: a systematic review. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010;67(19):1624-34.
16. Chisholm-Burns MA, Kim Lee J, Spivey CA, et al. US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care: systematic review and meta-analyses. Med Care. 2010;48(10):923-33.
17. Koshman SL, Charrois TL, Simpson SH, et al. Pharmacist care of patients with heart failure: a systematic review of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(7):687-94.
18. Ponniah A, Anderson B, Shakib S, et al. Pharmacists' role in the postdischarge management of patients with heart failure: a literature review. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2007;32(4):343-52.
19. Blenkinsopp A, Anderson C, Armstrong M. Systematic review of the effectiveness of community pharmacy based interventions to reduce risk behaviours and risk factors for coronary heart disease. J Public Health Med. 2003;25(2):144-53.
20. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials. 1996;17(1):1-12.
21. Drummond MF, Sculpher MJ, Torrence GW, O'Brien BJ, Stoddart GL. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.
22. Bouvy ML, Heerdink ER, Urquhart J, et al. Effect of a pharmacist-led intervention on diuretic compliance in heart failure patients: a randomized controlled study. J Card Fail. 2003;9(5):404-11.
23. Holland R, Brooksby I, Lenaghan E, et al. Effectiveness of visits from community pharmacists for patients with heart failure: HeartMed randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2007;334(7603):1098.
24. Gattis WA, Hasselblad V, Whellan DJ, O'Connor CM. Reduction in heart failure events by the addition of a clinical pharmacist to the heart failure management team: results of the Pharmacist in Heart Failure Assessment Recommendation and Monitoring (PHARM) Study. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(16):1939-45.
25. López Cabezas C, Falces Salvador C, Cubí Quadrada D, et al. Randomized clinical trial of a postdischarge pharmaceutical care program vs. regular follow-up in patients with heart failure. Farm Hosp. 2006;30(6):328-42. [Article in English, Spanish]
26. Varma S, McElnay J, Hughes C, Passmore A, Varma M. Pharmaceutical care of patients with congestive heart failure: interventions and outcomes. Pharmacotherapy. 1999;19(7):860-69.
27. Al Mazroui NR, Kamal MM, Ghabash NM, Yacout TA, Kole PL, McElnay JC. Influence of pharmaceutical care on health outcomes in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;67(5):547-57.
28. Choe HM, Mitrovich S, Dubay D, et al. Proactive case management of high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by a clinical pharmacist: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Manag Care. 2005;11(4):253-60.
29. Fornos JA, Andrés NF, Andrés JC, et al. A pharmacotherapy follow-up program in patients with type-2 diabetes in community pharmacies in Spain. Pharm World Sci. 2006;28(2):65-72.
30. Krass I, Armour CL, Mitchell B, et al. The Pharmacy Diabetes Care Program: assessment of a community pharmacy diabetes service model in Australia. Diabet Med. 2007;24(6):677-83.
31. Taveira TH, Friedmann PD, Cohen LB, et al. Pharmacist-led group medical appointment model in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Educ. 2010;36(1):109-17.
32. Sarkadi A, Rosenqvist U. Experience-based group education in type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2004;53(3):291-98.
33. Jameson JP, Baty PJ. Pharmacist collaborative management of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Manag Care. 2010;16(4):250-55.
34. Scott DM, Boyd ST, Stephan M, et al. Outcomes of pharmacist-managed diabetes care services in a community health center. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006;63(21):2116-22.
35. Clifford RM, Davis WA, Batty KT, Davis TME. Effect of a pharmaceutical care program on vascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(4):771-76.
36. Rothman RL, Malone R, Bryant B, et al. A randomized trial of a primary care-based disease management program to improve cardiovascular risk factors and glycated hemoglobin levels in patients with diabetes. Am J Med. 2005;118(3):276-84.
37. Maguire TA, McElnay JC, Drummond A. A randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation intervention based in community pharmacies. Addiction. 2001;96(2):325-31.
38. Carter BL, Ardery G, Dawson JD, et al. Physician and pharmacist collaboration to improve blood pressure control. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(21):1996-2002.
39. McLean DL, McAlister FA, Johnson JA, et al. A randomized trial of the effect of community pharmacist and nurse care on improving blood pressure management in patients with diabetes mellitus: study of cardiovascular risk intervention by pharmacists-hypertension (SCRIP-HTN). Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(21):2355-61.
40. Tobari H, Arimoto T, Shimojo N, et al. Physician-pharmacist cooperation program for blood pressure control in patients with hypertension: a randomized-controlled trial. Am J Hypertens. 2010;23(10):1144-52.
41. Olson KL, Delate T, Rasmussen J, et al. Outcomes of patients discharged from pharmacy-managed cardiovascular disease management. Am J Manag Care. 2009;15(8):497-503.
42. Lee JK, Grace KA, Taylor AJ. Effect of a pharmacy care program on medication adherence and persistence, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. JAMA. 2006;296(21):2563-71.
43. Carter B, Barnette D, Chrischilles E, et al. Evaluation of hypertensive patients after care provided by community pharmacists in a rural setting. Pharmacotherapy. 1997;17(6):1274-85.
44. Park J, Kelly P, Carter B, Burgess P. Comprehensive pharmaceutical care in the chain setting: drug therapy monitoring and counseling by pharmacists contributed to improved blood pressure control in study patients. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 1996;NS36(7):443-51.
45. Bogden P, Abbott R, Williamson P, et al. Comparing standard care with a physician and pharmacist team approach for uncontrolled hypertension. J Gen Intern Med. 1998;13(11):740-45.
46. Weber CA, Ernst ME, Sezate GS, et al. Pharmacist-physician comanagement of hypertension and reduction in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(18):1634-39.
47. Borenstein JE, Graber G, Saltiel E, et al. Physician-pharmacist comanagement of hypertension: a randomized, comparative trial. Pharmacotherapy. 2003;23(2):209-16.
48. Hunt J, Siemienczuk J, Pape G, et al. A randomized controlled trial of team-based care: impact of physician-pharmacist collaboration on uncontrolled hypertension. J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23(12):1966-72.
49. Community Pharmacy Medicines Management Project Evaluation Team. The MEDMAN study: a randomized controlled trial of community pharmacy-led medicines management for patients with coronary heart disease. Fam Pract. 2007;24(2):189-200.
50. Phumipamorn S, Pongwecharak J, Soorapan S, Pattharachayakul S. Effects of the pharmacist's input on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risks in Muslim diabetes. Prim Care Diabetes. 2008;2(1):31-37.
51. Ellis SL, Billups SJ, Malone DC, et al. Types of interventions made by clinical pharmacists in the IMPROVE study. Impact of Managed Pharmaceutical Care on Resource Utilization and Outcomes in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. Pharmacotherapy. 2000;20(4):429-35.
52. Tsuyuki RT, Johnson JA, Teo KK, et al. A randomized trial of the effect of community pharmacist intervention on cholesterol risk management: the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Intervention by Pharmacists (SCRIP). Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(10):1149-55.
53. Peterson GM, Fitzmaurice KD, Naunton M, et al. Impact of pharmacistconducted home visits on the outcomes of lipid-lowering drug therapy. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2004;29(1):23-30.
54. Lee VWY, Fan CSY, Li AWM, Chau ACY. Clinical impact of a pharmacist-physician co-managed programme on hyperlipidaemia management in Hong Kong. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2009;34(4):407-14.
55. Villa LA, Von Chrismar A, Oyarzun C, Eujenin P, Fernandez M, Quezada M. Pharmaceutical care program for dyslipidemic patients at three primary health care centers: impacts and outcomes. Lat Am J Pharm. 2009;28(3):415-20.
56. Bogden PE, Koontz LM, Williamson P, Abbott RD. The physician and pharmacist team: an effective approach to cholesterol reduction. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12(3):158-64.
57. Nola K, Gourley D, Portner T, et al. Clinical and humanistic outcomes of a lipid management program in the community pharmacy setting. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 2000;40(2):166-73.
58. Paulos CP, Nygren CEA, Celedon C, Carcamo CA. Impact of a pharmaceutical care program in a community pharmacy on patients with dyslipidemia. Ann Pharmacother. 2005;39(5):939-43.
59. Clifford R, Batty K, Davis T, et al. A randomised controlled trial of a pharmaceutical care programme in high-risk diabetic patients in an outpatient clinic. Int J Pharm Pract. 2002;10(2):85-89.
60. Bucci C, Jackevicius C, McFarlane K, Liu P. Pharmacist's contribution in a heart function clinic: patient perception and medication appropriateness. Can J Cardiol. 2003;19(4):391-96.
61. Sadik A, Yousif M, McElnay JC. Pharmaceutical care of patients with heart failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;60(2):183-93.
62. Bond CM, Fish A, Porteous TH, Reid JP, Scott A, Antonazzo E. A randomised controlled trial of the effects of note-based medication review by community pharmacists on prescribing of cardiovascular drugs in general practice. Int J Pharm Pract. 2007;15:39-46.
63. Doucette WR, Witry MJ, Farris KB, McDonough RP. Community pharmacist-provided extended diabetes care. Ann Pharmacother. 2009;43(5):882-89.
64. Choe HM, Mitrovich S, Dubay D, et al. Proactive case management of high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by a clinical pharmacist: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Manag Care. 2005;11(4):253-60.
65. Kirwin JL, Cunningham RJ, Sequist TD. Pharmacist recommendations to improve the quality of diabetes care: a randomized controlled trial. J Manag Care Pharm. 2010;16(2):104-13. Available at: http://www.amcp.org/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=8300.
66. Hennessy S, Leonard C, Yang W, et al. Effectiveness of a two-part educational intervention to improve hypertension control: a cluster-randomized trial. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26(9):1342-47.
67. Carter BL, Bergus GR, Dawson JD, et al. A cluster randomized trial to evaluate physician/pharmacist collaboration to improve blood pressure control. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008;10(4):260-71.
68. Sinclair H, Silcock J, Bond C, et al. The cost-effectiveness of intensive pharmaceutical intervention in assisting people to stop smoking. Int J Pharm Pract. 1999;7(2):107-12.
69. Thavorn K, Chaiyakunapruk N. A cost-effectiveness analysis of a community pharmacist-based smoking cessation programme in Thailand. Tob Control. 2008;17(3):177-82.
70. Boyd KA, Briggs AH. Cost-effectiveness of pharmacy and group behavioural support smoking cessation services in Glasgow. Addiction. 2009;104(2):317-25.
71. Taylor SJ, Milanova T, Hourihan F, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of a community pharmacist-initiated disease state management service for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Pharm Pract. 2005;13(1):33-40.
72. Cote I, Gregoire J, Moisan J, et al. A pharmacy-based health promotion programme in hypertension: cost-benefit analysis. Pharmacoeconomics. 2003;21(6):415-28.
73. Simpson SH, Johnson JA, Tsuyuki RT. Economic impact of community pharmacist intervention in cholesterol risk management: an evaluation of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk Intervention by Pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy. 2001;21(5):627-35.
74. Scott A, Tinelli M, Bond C. Costs of a community pharmacist-led medicines management service for patients with coronary heart disease in England: healthcare system and patient perspectives. Pharmacoeconomics. 2007;25(5):397-411.
75. Ellis SL, Carter BL, Malone DC, et al. Clinical and economic impact of ambulatory care clinical pharmacists in management of dyslipidemia in older adults: the IMPROVE study. Pharmacotherapy. 2000;20(12):1508-16.
76. Rothman RL, Malone R, Bryant B, et al. A randomized trial of a primary care-based disease management program to improve cardiovascular risk factors and glycated hemoglobin levels in patients with diabetes. Am J Med. 2005;118(3):276-84.
77. Anaya JP, Rivera JO, Lawson K, et al. Evaluation of pharmacist-managed diabetes mellitus under a collaborative drug therapy agreement. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65(19):1841-45.
78. Cranor C, Bunting B, Christensen D. The Asheville Project: long-term clinical and economic outcomes of a community pharmacy diabetes care program. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 2003;43(2):173-84.
79. Erickson S, Slaughter R, Halapy H. Pharmacists' ability to influence outcomes of hypertension therapy. Pharmacotherapy. 1997;17(1):140-47.
80. Hilleman D, Faulkner M, Monaghan MA. Cost of a pharmacist-directed intervention to increase treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Pharmacotherapy. 2004;24(8):1077-83.
81. Gandhi PJ, Smith BS, Tataronis GR, Maas B. Impact of a pharmacist on drug costs in a coronary care unit. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001;58(6):497-503.
82. Munroe WP, Kunz K, Dalmady-Israel C, et al. Economic evaluation of pharmacist involvement in disease management in a community pharmacy setting. Clin Ther. 1997;19(1):113-23.
83. Lowey A, Moore S, Norris C, et al. The cost-effectiveness of pharmacistled treatment of cardiac risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Pharm World Sci. 2007;29(5):541-45.