Do women working in the public sector have it easier to become mothers in Spain?

Population Review

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 149-171

  Martín García, Teresa ^a   Castro Martín, Teresa ^a  

^a CSIC   (Spain)

Author keywords

Delayed transition to motherhood; Fertility; First births; Public sector employment; Southern Europe; Spain

Indexed keywords

EID: 84878785488     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15490955     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/prv.2013.0008     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Addabbo, T., R. García-Fernández, C. Llorca-Rodríguez, and A. Maccagnan. (2012). "Poverty and Unemployment: The Cases of Italy and Spain," (pp. 199-219) in Social Exclusion: Short and Long Term Causes and Consequences, edited by G. Parodi and D. Sciulli. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, AIEL Series in Labour Economics.
2. Ahn, N., and P. Mira. (2002). "A Note of the Relationship Between Fertility and Female Employment Rates in Developed Countries." Journal of Population Economics 15 (4): 667-82.
3. Adsera, A. (2005). "Where Are the Babies? Labor Market Conditions and Fertility in Europe", IZA Discussion Paper No 1576.
4. Andersson, G. (2000). "The Impact of Labour-Force Participation on Childbearing Behaviour: Pro-Cyclical Fertility in Sweden during the 1980s and the 1990s." European Journal of Population 16 (4): 293-333.
5. Ariza, A., and A. Ugidos. (2002). "Female Labour Force Participation and Entry into Motherhood in Spain." Universidad del País Vasco.
6. Baizán, P. (2005). "The Impact of Labour Market Status on Second and Higher-Order Births. A Comparative Study of Denmark, Italy, Spain and United Kingdom." Universität Pompeu Fabra: DemoSoc Working Paper, 2005-11.
7. Begall, K., and M. Mills. (2011). "The Impact of Subjective Work Control, Job Strain and Work-Family Conflict on Fertility Intentions: A European Comparison." European Journal of Population 27(4): 433-456.
8. Blossfeld, H.P., E. Klijzing, M. Mills, and K. Kurz. (2005). Globalization, Uncertainty and Youth in Society. London: Routledge.
9. Bratti, M., E. Del Bono, and D. Vuri. (2005). "New Mothers' Labour Force Participation in Italy: The Role of Job Characteristics." Labour 19 (Special Issue): 79-121.
10. Brindusa, A., S. de la Rica, and J.J. Dolado. (2011). "The Effect of Public Sector Employment on Women's Labour Martket Outcomes." FEDEA Documento de Trabajo 2011-08. http://www.fedea.es/pub/papers/2011/dt2011-08.pdf
11. Castro-Martín, T. (2010). "Single motherhood and low birthweight in Spain: Narrowing social inequalities in health?" Demographic Research 22-27: 863-890.
12. Castro-Martín, T., M. Domínguez-Folgueras, and T. Martín-García. (2008). "Not Truly Partnerless: Non-Residential Partnerships and Retreat from Marriage in Spain." Demographic Research 18-16: 436-468.
13. Cavalli, L. (2011). "Fertility Intentions of Employed Mothers in Italy: Does the Choice of Public versus Private Sector Matter?" Paper presented at the Conference on the Economics of the Family, Paris, October 6-8, 2011.
14. Cooke, L.P. (2008). "Gender Equity and Fertility in Italy and Spain." Journal of Social Policy 38 (1): 123-140.
15. De la Rica, S., and A. Iza. (2005) "Career Planning in Spain: Do Fixed-term Contracts Delay Marriage and Parenthood?" Review of Economics of the Household 3: 49-73.
16. Delgado, M., coord. (2006). Encuesta de fecundidad, familia y valores 2006. Colección Opiniones y Actitudes 59. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.
17. Delgado, M., A. De Rose, L. Barrios, and F. Zamora López. (2009). "The Delay of Maternity and its Causes: an Analysis of the Timing of the First Child in Spain." Genus LXV (2): 79-111.
18. Domínguez-Folgueras, M., and T. Castro-Martín. (2008). "Women's Changing Socioeconomic Position and Union Formation in Spain and Portugal." Demographic Research 19-41: 1513-1550.
19. Drobnič, S., and A. M. Guillén Rodríguez. (2011). "Tensions Between Work and Home: Job Quality and Working Conditions in the Institutional Contexts of Germany and Spain." Social Politics 18 (2): 232-268.
20. Emerek, R. et al. (2001) "Indicators on Gender Segregation." Report for the European Commission's Expert Group on Gender and Employment. Bruxelles: European Commission.
21. England, P. (2010). "The Gender Revolution: Uneven and Stalled." Gender & Society 24 (2): 149-166.
22. Esping-Andersen, G. (1999). Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
23. Esping-Andersen, G., D. Gallie, A. Hemerijck, and J. Myles. (2002). Why We Need a New Welfare State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
24. Esping-Andersen, G. (2007). Family Formation and Family Dilemmas in Contemporary Europe. Madrid: Fundación BBVA.
25. European Commission. (2008). Report from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of Regions. A Better Work-Life Balance: Stronger Support for Reconciling Professional, Private and Family Life. COM(2008) 635 final. Brussels.
26. European Comission. (2009). The Provision of Childcare Services: A Comparative Review of 30 European Countries. Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affaire and Equal Opportunities. Expert Group on Gender and Employment Issues doi: 10.2767/10651
27. Fahlén, S., and L. Oláh. (2010). "Female Employment, Work Hours and Childbearing Intentions in Sweden in the early 2000s: A Capability Perspective." Stockholm University: Stockholm Research Reports in Demography 12 http://www.suda.su.se/SRRD/SRRD_2010_12.pdf
28. Fagnani, J. (2007). "Fertility Rates and Mothers' Employment Behaviour in Comparative Perspective: Similarities and Differences in Six European Countries," (pp. 58-75) in Women, Men, Work and Family in Europe, edited by R. Crompton, S. Lewis and C. Lyonette. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
29. Ferrera, M., ed. (2005). Welfare State Reform in Southern Europe. Fighting Poverty and Social Exclusion in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece. New York: Routledge.
30. Gauthier, A., T. Smeeding, and F. Furstenberg. (2004). "Are Parents Investing Less Time in Children? Trends in Selected Industrialized Countries." Population and Development Review 30 (4): 647-671.
31. González, M.J., and T. Jurado-Guerrero. (2006). "Remaining Childless in Affluent Economies: A Comparison of France, West Germany, Italy and Spain, 1994-2001." European Journal of Population 22 (4): 317-352.
32. Gornik, J.C., and M.K. Myers. (2003). Families that Work. Policies for Reconciling Parenthood and Employment. New York: Sage.
33. Groeneveld, S.M., B. Steijn, and P. Van der Parre. (2009). "Joining the Dutch Civil Service. Influencing Motives in a Changing Economic Context." Public Management Review 11 (2): 173-189.
34. Gustafsson, S. (2001). "Optimal Age at Parenthood: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations on Postponement of Maternity in Europe." Journal of Population Economics 14: 225-247.
35. Gregory, A., and S. Milner. (2009). "Work-life Balance: A Matter of Choice?" Gender, Work and Organization 16 (1): 1-13.
36. Gutiérrez-Domènech, M. (2008) "The Impact of the Labour Market on the Timing of Marriage and Births in Spain." Journal of Population Economics 21: 83-110.
37. Häusermann, S., and H. Schwander. (2011). "Varieties of Dualization. Labor Market Segmentation and Insider-Outsider Divides across Regimes," in The Age of Dualization. Structures, Policies, Politics, edited by P. Emmenegger et al. New York: Oxford University Press.
38. Hoem, J.M., G. Neyer, and G. Andersson. (2006). "Education and Childlessness. The Relationship between Educational Field, Educational Level, and Childlessness among Swedish Women Born in 1955-59." Demographic Research 14 (15): 331-380.
39. INE. (2012). INEbase. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. www.ine.es
40. ISTAT. (2012). Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. www.istat.it
41. Kreyenfeld, M., G. Andersson, and A. Pailhé. (2012). "Economic Uncertainty and Family Dynamics in Europe." Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (MPIDR) Working Paper 2012-006. http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2012-006.pdf
42. Lapuerta, I. (2012). Employment, Motherhood and Parental Leaves in Spain. Tesis Doctorales Universidad Pompeu Fabra (mimeo). Barcelona: UPF, accessed September 2012.
43. Lassibille, G. (1998). "Wage Gaps Between the Public and Private Sectors in Spain." Economics of Education Review 17 (1): 83-92.
44. Lucifora, C., and D. Meurs. (2006). "The Public Sector Pay Gap in France, Great Britain and Italy." Review of Income and Wealth 52: 43-59.
45. Luechinger, S., S. Meier, and A. Stutzer. (2010). "Why Does Unemployment Hurt the Employed? Evidence from the Life Satisfaction Gap between the Public and the Private Sector." Journal of Human Resources 45: 998-1045.
46. Mandel, H., and M. Semyonov (2006). "A Welfare State Paradox: State Interventions and Women's Employment Opportunities in 22 Countries." American Journal of Sociology 111 (6): 1910-1949.
47. Martín-García, T. (2010). "The Impact of Occupational Sex-Composition on Women's Fertility in Spain." European Societies 12 (1): 113-133.
48. Matysiak, A., and D. Vignoli (2008). "Fertility and Women's Employment. A Meta-Analysis." European Journal of Population 24: 363-384.
49. Mills, M., and K. Täht. (2010). "Nonstandard Work Schedules and Partnership Quality: Quantitative and Qualitative Findings." Journal of Marriage and Family 72 (4): 860-875.
50. Mulder, C.H. (2006). "Home-Ownership and Family Formation." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 21: 281-298.
51. Narcy, M., J. Lanfranchi, and D. Meurs. (2008). "Do Women Choose to Work in the Public and Nonprofit Sectors? Empirical Evidence from a French National Survey." MPRA Paper 14372, University Library of Munich, Germany. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14372/
52. OECD. (2011). Government at a Glance 2011. Available at http://www.oecdilibrary.org/governance/government-at-a-glance-2011_gov_glance-2011-en
53. Perry, J. L., and A. Hondeghem, eds. (2008). Motivation in Public Management. The Call of Public Service. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
54. Polavieja, J.G. (2006). "The Incidence of Temporary Employment in Advanced Economies: Why is Spain Different?" European Sociological Review 22 (1): 61-78.
55. Reher, D.S. (1998). "Family Ties in Western Europe: Persistent Contrasts." Population and Development Review 24 (2): 203-234.
56. Roig, M., and T. Castro-Martín (2007). "Childbearing Patterns of Foreign Women in a New Immigration Country: The Case of Spain." Population-E 62 (3): 351-380.
57. Rønsen, M., and K. Skrede. (2010). "Can Public Policies Sustain Fertility in the Nordic Countries? Lessons from the Past and Questions for the Future." Demographic Research 22 (13): 321-346.
58. Sobotka, T, V. Skirbekk, and D. Philipov. (2011). "Economic Recession and Fertility in the Developed World." Population and Development Review 37 (2): 267-306.
59. Solera, C., and F. Bettio. (2013). "Women's Continuous Careers in Italy: The Education and Public Sector Divide." Population Review 52 (1) (this paper is part of Special Collection 4, which can be found here: http://populationreview.com/special-collection-4/)
60. Van de Kaa, D.J. (1987). "Europe's Second Demographic Transition." Population Bulletin 42 (1).
61. Vignoli, D., S. Drefahl, and G. De Santis. (2012). "Whose Job Instability Affects the Likelihood of Becoming a Parent in Italy? A Tale of Two Partners." Demographic Research 26-2: 41-62.