Bed sharing when parents do not smoke: Is there a risk of SIDS? An individual level analysis of five major case-control studies

BMJ Open

Volumn 3, Issue 5, 2013, Pages

  Carpenter, Robert ^a   McGarvey, Cliona ^b   Mitchell, Edwin A ^c   Tappin, David M ^d   Vennemann, Mechtild M ^e   Smuk, Melanie ^a   Carpenter, James R ^a,f  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b CHILDREN S UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Ireland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^d UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

^f MRC CLINICAL TRIALS UNIT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; BED SHARING; CASE CONTROL STUDY; HUMAN; RISK FACTOR; SLEEP; SMOKING; SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME;

EID: 84878409176     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20446055     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002299     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Willinger M, James LS, Catz C. Defining the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS): deliberations of an expert panel convened by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 1991;11:677-84.
2. Gilbert R, Salanti G, Harden M, et al. Infant sleeping position and the sudden infant death syndrome: systematic review of observational studies and historical review of recommendations from 1940 to 2002. Int J Epidemiol 2005;34:874-87. (Pubitemid 41418838)
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Compressed Mortality File 1999-2008. CDC WONDER Online Database, compiled from Compressed Mortality File 1999-2008 Series 20 No. 2N, 2011. http://wonder.cdc.gov/cmf-icd10.html(accessed on 19 Mar 2012) 8:38:13 AM.
4. http://www.wiegedood.nl/safe-sleeping (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
5. Ruys JH, De Jonge GA, Brand R, et al. Bed-sharing in the first four months of life: a risk factor for sudden infant death. Acta Paediatr 2007;96:1399-403. (Pubitemid 47416417)
6. Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths: expansion of recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1341-67.
7. Carpenter RG, Irgens LM, Blair P, et al. Sudden unexplained infant death in Europe: findings of the European Concerted Action on SIDS, ECAS. Lancet 2004;363:185-91.
8. Mitchell EA, Taylor BJ, Ford RP, et al. Four modifiable and other major risk factors for cot death: the New Zealand study. J Paediatr Child Health 1992;28(Suppl 1):S3-8.
9. http://www.scottishcotdeathtrust.org/professionals/reducing-the-risks-of- cot-death.php (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
10. http://www.sids.org.nz/documents/backisbest.pdf (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
11. http://www.lullabytrust.org.uk/new-design/safer-sleep/bedsharing-2013 (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
12. http://www.sidsandkids.org/wp-content/uploads/SidsSafeSleeping14ppa1.pdf (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
13. http://www.unicef.org.uk/BabyFriendly/Resources/Guidence-for-Health- Professionals/Writing-policies-and-guidelines/Sample-bedsharing-policy (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
14. http://www.nct.org.uk/parenting/sleeping-safely-your-baby (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
15. Scheers NJ, Rutherford GW, Kemp JS. Where should infants sleep? A comparison of risk for suffocation of infants sleeping in cribs, adult beds, and other sleeping locations. Pediatrics 2003;112:883-9. (Pubitemid 37248697)
16. Carroll-Pankhurst C, Mortimer EA. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, bedsharing, parental weight, and age at death. Pediatrics 2001;107:530-6. (Pubitemid 32183188)
17. Fleming P, Blair P, Bacon C, et al. Sudden unexpected deaths in infancy. the CESDI SUDI studies 1993-1996. London: The Stationery Office, 2000.
18. Blair PS, Sidebotham P, Edmonds M, et al. Hazardous cosleeping environments and risk factors amenable to change: case-control study of SIDS in south west England. BMJ 2009;339:b3666.
19. Carpenter RG. The hazards of bed sharing. Paediatr Child Health 2006;11(Suppl A):S24-8.
20. Blair PS. Sudden infant death syndrome epidemiology and bed sharing. Paediatr Child Health 2006;11(Suppl A):S29-31.
21. Mitchell EA. Bed sharing and the risk of sudden infant death: parents need clear information. Curr Pediatr Rev 2010;6:63-6.
22. Blair PS. Perspectives on bed-sharing. Curr Pediatr Rev 2010;6:67-70.
23. Mitchell EA. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Should bed sharing be discouraged? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2007;161:305-6. (Pubitemid 46364336)
24. Tappin D, Brooke H, Ecob R. Bedsharing and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Scotland, UK. Lancet 2004;363:994. (Pubitemid 38388339)
25. Vennemann MM, Bajanowski T, Brinkmann B, et al. Sleep environment risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome: the German Sudden Infant Death study. Pediatrics 2009;123:1162-70.
26. Vennemann MM, Hense HW, Bajanowski T, et al. Bed sharing and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome: can we resolve the debate? J Pediatr 2012;160:44-8.
27. Tappin D, Ecob R, Brooke H. Bedsharing, roomsharing and sudden infant death syndrome in Scotland: a case-control study. J Pediatr 2005;147:32-7. (Pubitemid 40981142)
28. McGarvey C, McDonnell M, Hamilton K, et al. An eight-year study of risk factors for SIDS: bed-sharing vs. non bed-sharing. Arch Dis Child 2006;91:318-23.
29. Findeisen M, Vennemann M, Brinkmann B, et al. German study on sudden infant death (GeSID): design, epidemiological and pathological profile. Int J Legal Med 2004;118:163-9. (Pubitemid 40895609)
30. Bruzzi P, Green SB, Byar DP, et al. Estimating the population attributable risk for multiple risk factors using case-control data. Am J Epidemiol 1985;122:904-14. (Pubitemid 16207356)
31. Bradford-Hill A. The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation? Proc R Soc Med 1965;58:295-300. PMC 1898525.
32. Scragg R, Mitchell EA, Taylor BJ, et al. bed sharing, smoking and alcohol in the sudden infant death syndrome: results from the New Zealand cot death study. BMJ 1999;319:1457-61.
33. Molony N, Blackwell CC, Busuttil A. The effect of prone posture on nasal temperature in children in relation to induction of staphylococcal toxins implicated in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. FEMS Immunol Med Mic 1999;25:109-13. (Pubitemid 29317563)
34. Malloy MH, MacDorman M. Changes in the classification of sudden unexpected infant deaths: United States 1992-2001. Pediatrics 2005;116:800-1.
35. Byard RW. Bedsharing and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. J Pediatr 2012;160:1063.
36. Mitchell E, Krous HF, Byard RW. Pathological findings in overlaying. J Clin Forensic Med 2002;9:133-5.
37. Corbin T. Investigation into sudden infant deaths and unascertained infant deaths in England and Wales, 1995-2003. Health Stat Q 2005;27:17-23.
38. Office for National Statistics. Unexplained deaths in infancy: England and Wales, 2009. Stat Bull 2011:1-7. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778-227450. pdf (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
39. Limerick SR, Bacon CJ. Terminology used by pathologists in reporting on Sudden Infant Deaths SIDS. J Clin Pathol 2004;57:309-11. (Pubitemid 38338847)
40. Liebrechts-Akkerman G, Lao, O liu F, et al. Postnatal parental smoking: an important risk factor for SIDS. Eur J Pedoatr 2011;170:1281-91.
41. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLEN&PA= 37296eng&LA=ENhttp://statline (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
42. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLEN&PA= 7052eng&D1=76&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0,10,20,30,40,50,60-61&LA= EN&VW (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
43. Central Bureau of Statistics, Netherlands. Statistical year book. 2009. http://www.cbs.nl/NR/rdonlyres/421A3A8C-956D-451D-89B6-D2113587F940/0/2009a3pub. pdf:89. (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
44. Renfrew MJ, Pokhrel S, Quigley M, et al. Preventing disease and saving resources: the potential contribution of increasing breastfeeding rates in the UK. UNICEF UK 2012. http://www.unicef.org.uk/Documents/Baby-Friendly/Research/ Preventing-disease-saving-resources.pdf?epslanguage=en (accessed 30 Apr 2013).
45. McGarvey C, McDonnell M, Chong A, et al. Factors relating to the infant's last sleep environment in sudden infant death syndrome in the Republic of Ireland. Arch Dis Child 2003;88:1058-64. (Pubitemid 38064479)
46. Blair PS, Fleming PJ, Smith IJ, et al. Babies sleeping with parents: case-control study of factors influencing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. BMJ 1999;319:1457-61.
47. Escott A, Elder DE, Zuccollo JM. Sudden unexpected infant death and bedsharing: referrals to the Wellington Coroner 1997-2006. N Z Med J 2009;122:59-68.