The outphasing RF power amplifier: A comprehensive analysis and a class-B CMOS realization

IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits

Volumn 48, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 1357-1369

  Moloudi, Shervin ^a   Abidi, Asad A ^b  

^a QUALCOMM INC   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Chireix combiner; Class B; CMOS; efficiency; LINC; linearization; outphasing; power amplifier (PA); power combiner; transmitter

Indexed keywords

CHIREIX COMBINER; CLASS B; LINC; OUTPHASING; POWER COMBINER;

CMOS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS; DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS; LINEARIZATION; POWER AMPLIFIERS; TRANSMITTERS;

EFFICIENCY;

EID: 84878406075     PISSN: 00189200     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2252522     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. R. D. Thornton, J. G. Linvill, E. R. Chenette, H. L. Ablin, J. N. Harris, A. R. Boothroyd, J. Willis, and C. L. Searle, Handbook of Basic Transistor Circuits and Measurements, ser. SEEC Series. New York,NY, USA: Wiley, 1966.
2. H. E. Rowe, Signals and Noise in Communication Systems. Princeton, NJ, USA: Van Nostrand, 1965.
3. S. Haykin andM.Moher, Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2007.
4. H. J. Carlin and A. B.Giordano, Network Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1964.
5. D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley, 2005.
6. X. Zhang, L. E. Larson, and P. M. Asbeck, Design of Linear RF Outphasing Power Amplifiers. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 2003.
7. P. A.Godoy, D. J. Perreault, and J. L. Dawson, "Outphasing energy recovery amplifier with resistance compression for improved efficiency," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 2895-2906, Dec. 2009.
8. H. Chireix, "High power outphasing modulation," Proc. Inst. Radio Engineers, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 1370-1392, 1935.
9. F. Raab, "Efficiency of outphasing RF power-amplifier systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM-33, no. 10, pp. 1094-1099, Oct. 1985.
10. S. C. Cripps, Advanced Techniques in RF Power Amplifier Design. Norwood, MA, USA: Artech House, 2002.
11. M. E. Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA: Prentice-Hall, 1974.
12. H. Xu, Y. Palaskas, A. Ravi, M. Sajadieh, M. A. El-Tanani, and K. Soumyanath, "A flip-chip-packaged 25.3 dBm class-D outphasing power amplifier in 32 nm CMOS for WLAN application," IEEE J. of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 1596-1605, 2011.
13. N. O. Sokal and A. D. Sokal, "Class E-A new class of high-efficiency tuned single-ended switching power amplifiers," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. SSC-10, no. 3, pp. 168-176, Jun. 1975.
14. J. Yao and S. I. Long, "Power amplifier selection for LINC applications," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Exp. Briefs, vol. 53, no. 8, pp. 763-767, Aug. 2006. (Pubitemid 44363894)
15. F. H. Raab, "Class-E, Class-C, and Class-F power amplifiers based upon a finite number of harmonics," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 1462-1468, Aug. 2001. (Pubitemid 32864889)
16. A. Birafane and A. B. Kouki, "On the linearity and efficiency of outphasing microwave amplifiers," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1702-1708, Jul. 2004.
17. I. Hakala, D. K. Choi, L. Gharavi, N. Kajakine, J. Koskela, and R. Kaunisto, "A 2.14-GHz Chireix outphasing transmitter," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 2129-2138, Jun. 2005.
18. C. P. Conradi, R. H. Johnston, and J. G. McRory, "Evaluation of a lossless combiner in a LINC transmitter," in Proc. IEEE Canadian Conf. Electr. Comput. Eng., Edmonton, AB, Canada, 1999, vol. 1, pp. 105-110. (Pubitemid 30562774)
19. S. Hamedi-Hagh and C. A. T. Salama, "CMOS wireless phase-shifted transmitter," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 8, pp. 1241-1252, Aug. 2004.
20. C. Rapp, "Effects of HPA-nonlinearity on a 4-DPSK/OFDM-signal for a digital sound broadcasting system," in Proc. Eur. Conf. Satellite Commun., Liege, 1991, vol. 1, pp. 179-184.
21. C. A. Desoer and E. S. Kuh, Basic Circuit Theory. NewYork,NY, USA: McGraw-Hill, 1969.
22. S. Moloudi, K. Takinami, M. Youssef, M. Mikhemar, and A. Abidi, "An outphasing power amplifier for a software-defined radio transmitter," in Proc. Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2008, pp. 568-636.
23. M. E. Heidari, M. Lee, and A. A. Abidi, "All-digital outphasing modulator for a software-defined transmitter," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1260-1271, Apr. 2009.
24. A. Huttunen and R. Kaunisto, "A 20-WChireix outphasing transmitter for WCDMA base stations," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 2709-2718, Dec. 2007. (Pubitemid 350240005)