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Notable examples of bioethicists who have engaged themselves heavily in this endeavor include
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Notable examples of bioethicists who have engaged themselves heavily in this endeavor include Schüklenk U., Ashcroft R.E. Affordable access to essential medication in developing countries: Conflicts between ethical and economic imperatives. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 2002;27(2):179-95;
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Between the needy and the greedy: The quest for a just and fair ethics of clinical research
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See note 8, Solbakk 2011
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See note 8, Solbakk 2011.
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See note 2, Solbakk, Vidal Forthcoming
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See note 2, Solbakk, Vidal Forthcoming.
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Bioethics at the bench. Nature 2006;440: 1089-90, at 1890.
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Petersen, A.1
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For a fascinating discussion of the metaphor of line drawing in bioethics
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For a fascinating discussion of the metaphor of line drawing in bioethics, see Scully JL. Drawing a line: Situating moral boundaries in genetic medicine. Bioethics 2001;15(3): 189-204.
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See note 3, Petersen 2011.
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See note 16, Scully 2001, at 204
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See note 16, Scully 2001, at 204.
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See note 16, Scully 2001, at 204
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Article 12, Respect for Cultural Diversity and Pluralism, reads, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights Available at
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Article 12, Respect for Cultural Diversity and Pluralism, reads, "The importance of cultural diversity and pluralism should be given due regard. However, such considerations are not to be invoked to infringe upon human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms, nor upon the principles set out in this Declaration, nor to limit their scope." United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights 2005. Available at: http://portal.unesco.org/shs/en/ev.php-URL-ID¼1883&URL- DO¼DO-TOPIC&URL-SECTION¼201.html
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The Importance of Cultural Diversity and Pluralism Should Be Given Due Regard. However, Such Considerations Are Not to Be Invoked to Infringe Upon Human Dignity, Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nor Upon the Principles Set Out in This Declaration, Nor to Limit Their Scope
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See note 8, Solbakk 2011, at 345
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77953464529
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Exploitation on clinical research
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This notion, on which the fair benefit approach is based, originates from AlanWertheimer, who makes a distinction between "harmful exploitation" and "mutually advantageous exploitation": "By mutually advantageous exploitation, I refer to those cases in which both parties (the alleged exploiter and the alleged exploitee) reasonably expect to gain from the transaction as contrasted with the pretransaction status quo. . . . I shall generally presume thatmutually advantageous transactions are also consensual." Hawkins S., Emanuel E.J., eds Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press at 67-68
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This notion, on which the fair benefit approach is based, originates from AlanWertheimer, who makes a distinction between "harmful exploitation" and "mutually advantageous exploitation": "By mutually advantageous exploitation, I refer to those cases in which both parties (the alleged exploiter and the alleged exploitee) reasonably expect to gain from the transaction as contrasted with the pretransaction status quo. . . . I shall generally presume thatmutually advantageous transactions are also consensual." Wertheimer A. Exploitation on clinical research. In: Hawkins S., Emanuel E.J., eds. Exploitation and Developing Countries: The Ethics of Clinical Research. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2008:63-104, at 67-68.
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Wertheimer, A.1
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84878316799
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For this approach, see note 9, London 2005, and London, Zollman 2010
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For this approach, see note 9, London 2005, and London, Zollman 2010.
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Intellectual property rights and access to essential medicines
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See note 28, Dussel 1985, pp. 195-196 (emphasis mine)
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See note 28, Dussel 1985, pp. 195-196 (emphasis mine).
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