Hepatitis C genotype distribution and homology among geographically disparate injecting drug users in Afghanistan

Journal of Medical Virology

Volumn 85, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 1170-1179

  Sanders Buell, Eric ^a   Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya ^b   Todd, Catherine S ^c   Nasir, Abdul ^d   Bradfield, Andrea ^a   Lei, Esther ^a   Poltavee, Kultida ^b   Savadsuk, Hathairat ^b   Kim, Jerome H ^a   Scott, Paul T ^a   de Souza, Mark ^b   Tovanabutra, Sodsai ^a  

^a WALTER REED ARMY INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH   (United States)

^b ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Thailand)

^c Columbia University ^*  (United States)

^d INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE   (Afghanistan)

Author keywords

HCV Type 3a; Hepatitis C genotype; Linkage cluster; Molecular epidemiology

Indexed keywords

NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5B;

ADULT; AFGHANISTAN; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG USE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE SEQUENCE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENOTYPE; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; VIREMIA; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

HCV TYPE 3A; HEPATITIS C GENOTYPE; LINKAGE CLUSTER; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY;

ADULT; AFGHANISTAN; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DNA, VIRAL; GENOTYPE; HEPACIVIRUS; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; IRAN; MALE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PAKISTAN; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SERUM; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84878256022     PISSN: 01466615     EISSN: 10969071     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23575     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Altai Consulting/United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR). 2009. Study on cross border population movements between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Kabul, Afghanistan: Altai/UNHCR.
2. Beyrer C, Patel Z, Stachowiak JA, Tishkova FK, Stibich MA, Eyzaguirre LM, Carr JK, Mogilnii V, Peryshkina A, Latypov A, Strathdee SA. 2009. Characterization of the emerging HIV type 1 and HCV epidemics among injecting drug users in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 25:853-860.
3. Butt S, Idrees M, Akbar H, urRehman I, Awan Z, Afzal S, Hussain A, Shahid M, Manzoor S, Rafique S. 2010. The changing epidemiology pattern and frequency distribution of hepatitis C virus in Pakistan. Infect Genet Evol 10:595-600.
4. Chan DP, Lee SS, Lee KC. 2011. The effects of widespread methadone treatment on the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection among injection drug users in Hong Kong. J Med Virol 83:1187-1194.
5. Ford N, Kirby C, Singh K, Mills EJ, Cooke G, Kamarulzaman A, duCros P. 2012. Chronic hepatitis C treatment outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ 90:540-550.
6. Fox AN, Jacobson IM. 2012. Recent successes and noteworthy future prospects in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Clin Infect Dis 55:S16-S24.
7. Fried MW, Hadziyannis SJ, Shiffman ML, Messinger D, Zeuzem S. 2011. Rapid virological response is the most important predictor of sustained virological response across genotypes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 55:69-75.
8. Hellard M, Sacks-Davis R, Gold J. 2009. Hepatitis C treatment for injection drug users: A review of the available evidence. Clin Infect Dis 49:561-573.
9. Hope VD, Hickman M, Ngui SL, Jones S, Telfer M, Bizzarri M, Ncube F, Parry JV. 2011. Measuring the incidence, prevalence and genetic relatedness of hepatitis C infections among a community recruited sample of injecting drug users, using dried blood spots. J Viral Hepat 18:262-270. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01297.x
10. Kabir A, Alavian SM, Keyvani H. 2006. Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients infected by different sources and its correlation with clinical and virological parameters: A preliminary study. Comp Hepatol 5:4.
11. Kageyama S, Agdamag DM, Alesna ET, Abellanosa-Tac-An IP, Corpuz AC, Telan EF, Que ER, Leaño PS, Jereza LD, Emphasis YE, Prasetyo AA, Tanimoto T, Ichimura H. 2009. Tracking the entry routes of hepatitis C virus as a surrogate of HIV in an HIV-low prevalence country, the Philippines. J Med Virol 81:1157-1162.
12. Keyvani H, Alizadeh AH, Alavian SM, Ranjbar M, Hatami S. 2007. Distribution frequency of hepatitis C virus genotypes in 2231 patients in Iran. Hepatol Res 37:101-103.
13. Khan S, Attaullah S. 2011. Share of Afghanistan populace in hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection's pool: Is it worthwhile? Virol J 8:216.
14. Kuiken C, Yusim K, Boykin L, Richardson R. 2005. The Los Alamos hepatitis C sequence database. Bioinformatics 21:379-384.
15. Kuo I, ul-Hasan S, Galai N, Thomas DL, Zafar T, Ahmed MA, Strathdee SA. 2006. High HCV seroprevalence and HIV drug use risk behaviors among injection drug users in Pakistan. Harm Reduct J 3:26.
16. Kurbanov F, Tanaka Y, Avazova D, Khan A, Sugauchi F, Kan N, Kurbanova-Khudayberganova D, Khikmatullaeva A, Musabaev E, Mizokami M. 2008. Detection of hepatitis C virus natural recombinant RF1_2k/1b strain among intravenous drug users in Uzbekistan. Hepatol Res 38:457-464.
17. Kurelac I, Papic N, Sakoman S, Orban M, Dusek D, Coric M, Vince A. 2011. Intravenous drug users can achieve a high sustained virological response rate: Experience from Croatian Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis. Hepat Mon 11:986-992.
18. Maguet O, Majeed M. 2010. Implementing harm reduction for heroin users in Afghanistan, the worldwide opium supplier. Int J Dru Pol 21:119-121.
19. Martin NK, Vickerman P, Miners A, Foster GR, Hutchinson SJ, Goldberg DJ, Hickman M. 2012. Cost-effectiveness of hepatitis C virus antiviral treatment for injection drug user populations. Hepatology 55:49-57.
20. Matser A, Urbanus A, Geskus R, Kretzschmar M, Xiridou M, Buster M, Coutinho R, Prins M. 2012. The effect of hepatitis C treatment and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection on the disease burden of hepatitis C among injecting drug users in Amsterdam. Addiction 107:614-623.
21. Mocroft A, Soriano V, Rockstroh J, Reiss P, Kirk O, de Wit S, Gatell J, Clotet B, Phillips AN, Lundgren JD, EuroSIDA Study Group. 2005. Is there evidence for an increase in the death rate from liver-related disease in patients with HIV? AIDS 19:2117-2125.
22. Murphy DG, Willems B, Deschênes M, Hilzenrat N, Mousseau R, Sabbah S. 2007. Use of sequence analysis of the NS5B region for routine genotyping of hepatitis C virus with reference to C/E1 and 5′ untranslated region sequences. J Clin Microbiol 45:1102-1112.
23. National AIDS Control Program (NACP), Ministry of Public Health, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. 2010. UNGASS Country Progress Report: Afghanistan. Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan.
24. Nasir A, Todd CS, Stanekzai MR, Bautista CT, Botros BA, Scott PT, Strathdee SA, Tjaden J. 2011a. Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated risk behaviours amongst injecting drug users in three Afghan cities. Int J Drug Policy 22:145-152.
25. Nasir A, Todd CS, Stanekzai MR, Bautista CT, Botros BA, Scott PT, Kim JH, Strathdee SA, Tjaden J. 2011b. Implications of hepatitis C viremia vs. antibody alone on transmission among male injecting drug users in three Afghan cities. Int J Infect Dis 15:e201-e205.
26. Pineda JA, Mira JA, Gil Ide L, Valera-Bestard B, Rivero A, Merino D, Girón-González JA, Ríos-Villegas MJ, González-Serrano M, Collado A, García-García AJ, Carrillo-Gómez R, López-Cortés LF, Gómez-Mateos J. 2007. Influence of concomitant antiretroviral therapy on the rate of sustained virological response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in hepatitis C virus/HIV-coinfected patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 60:1347-1354.
27. Robaeys G, Van Vlierberghe H, Matheï C, Van Ranst M, Bruckers L, Buntinx F, BASL Steering Committee; Benelux Study Group. 2006. Similar compliance and effect of treatment in chronic hepatitis C resulting from intravenous drug use in comparison with other infection causes. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18:159-166.
28. Samimi-Rad K, NasiriToosi M, Masoudi-Nejad A, Najafi A, Rahimnia R, Asgari F, Shabestari AN, Hassanpour G, Alavian SM, Asgari F. 2012. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus among injection drug users in Iran: A slight change in prevalence of HCV genotypes over time. Arch Virol 57:1959-1965.
29. Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ. 2005. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis 5:558-567.
30. Shivkumar S, Peeling R, Jafari Y, Joseph L, Pant Pai N. 2012. Accuracy of rapid and point-of-care screening tests for hepatitis C: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 157:558-566. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-157-8-201210160-00006
31. Thorne C, Ferencic N, Malyuta R, Mimica J, Niemiec T. 2010. Central Asia: Hotspot in the worldwide HIV epidemic. Lancet Infect Dis 10:479-488.
32. Todd CS, Abed AM, Strathdee SA, Scott PT, Botros BA, Safi N, Earhart KC. 2007. HIV, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B infections and associated risk behavior in injection drug users, Kabul, Afghanistan. Emerg Infect Dis 13:1327-1331.
33. Todd CS, Nasir A, Stanekzai MR, Rasuli MZ, Fiekert K, Orr M, Strathdee SA, Vlahov D. 2010. Hepatitis C and HIV incidence among injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan. Poster Presentation MOPDC101.XVIII International AIDS Conference, Vienna, Austria.
34. Todd CS, Macdonald D, Khoshnood K, Mansoor GF, Eggerman M, Panter-Brick C. 2012. Opiate use, treatment, and harm reduction in Afghanistan: Recent changes and future directions. Int J Drug Policy 23:341-345. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.05.004
35. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 2009. Operational Information: Monthly Summary Report-January 09: Statistical Overview of Returned Afghan Refugees from Pakistan, Iran and None Neighboring Countries, IDPs Caseload and Movements and Reintegration Activities 02 Mar 2002-31 January 2009. Kabul, Afghanistan: UNHCR.
36. University of Oxford, HIV Bioinformatics/BioAfrica, Oxford HCV Subtyping Tool Web Interface 2.0. Available at: http://www.bioafrica.net/rega-genotype/html/subtypinghcv.html. Accessed July 10, 2012.
37. Ur-Rehman L, Ullah I, Ali I, Khan IA, Iqbal A, Khan S, Khan SH, Zaman KU, ullah Khan N, Swati ZA, Jahangiri AT. 2011. Active hepatitis C infection and HCV genotypes prevalent among the IDUs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Virol J 8:327.
38. Vickerman P, Martin N, Turner K, Hickman M. 2012. Can needle and syringe programmes and opiate substitution therapy achieve substantial reductions in HCV prevalence? Model projections for different epidemic settings. Addiction 107:1984-1995.
39. Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Møller N, Reiss P, El-Sadr WM, Kirk O, Dabis F, Law MG, Pradier C, De Wit S, Akerlund B, Calvo G, Monforte Ad, Rickenbach M, Ledergerber B, Phillips AN, Lundgren JD. 2006. Liver-related deaths in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: The D:A:D study. Arch Intern Med 166:1632-1641.
40. World Health Organization, Department of Blood Safety and Clinical Technology. 2002. WHO evaluation (phase 1) of SDHCV Bioline [draft report]. Geneva: World Health Organization.
41. Zamani S, Ichikawa S, Nassirimanesh B, Vazirian M, Ichikawa K, Gouya MM, Afshar P, Ono-Kihara M, Ravari SM, Kihara M. 2007. Prevalence and correlates of hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users in Tehran. Int J Drug Policy 18:359-363.