Riverine silicon isotope variations in glaciated basaltic terrains: Implications for the Si delivery to the ocean over glacial-interglacial intervals

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 369-370, Issue , 2013, Pages 211-219

  Opfergelt, S ^a,b   Burton, K W ^a   Pogge von Strandmann, P A E ^a   Gislason, S R ^c   Halliday, A N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

Author keywords

Basalt weathering; Direct runoff rivers; Glacial rivers; Iceland; Silicon isotopes

Indexed keywords

BASALT WEATHERING; GLACIAL RIVERS; ICELANDS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SILICON ISOTOPES;

CATCHMENTS; EROSION; GLACIAL GEOLOGY; ISOTOPES; OCEANOGRAPHY; PHYTOPLANKTON; RIVERS; RUNOFF;

SILICON;

BASALT; CHEMICAL WEATHERING; DIATOM; EROSION RATE; GLACIAL DEPOSIT; GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CYCLE; HOLOCENE; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; LITHIUM; MARINE SEDIMENT; PRIMARY PRODUCTION; RUNOFF; SILICIC ACID; SILICON; TERRAIN;

ICELAND; SOUTHERN OCEAN;

BACILLARIOPHYTA;

EID: 84878205244     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.025     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. 29Si determinations on BHVO-1 and BHVO-2 reference materials via new configuration on Nu plasma multi collector (MC)-ICP-MS. Geostand. Geoanal. Res. 2008, 32:193-202.
2. Alleman L.Y., Cardinal D., Cocquyt C., Plisnier P.-D., Descy J.P., Kimirei I., Sinyinza D., André L. Silicon isotopic fractionation in Lake Tanganyika and its main tributaries. J. Great Lakes Res. 2005, 31:509-519.
3. Anderson S.P., Drever J.I., Humphrey N.F. Chemical weathering in glacial environments. Geology 1997, 25:399-402.
4. 2 cycles?. Rev. Geophys. 2000, 38:159-189.
5. Beucher C.P., Brzezinski M.A., Crosta X. Silicic acid dynamics in the glacial sub-Antarctic: implications for the silicic acid leakage hypothesis. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2007, 21:GB3015.
6. 2 during glacial periods. Paleoceanography 2003, 18:1046.
7. 4 to NO-3 depletion in the glacial Southern Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2002, 29:5-1-5-4.
8. Cardinal D., Alleman L.Y., Dehairs F., Savoye N., Trull T.W., André L. Relevance of silicon isotopes to Si-nutrient utilization and Si-source assessment in Antarctic waters. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2005, 19:GB2007.
9. Cardinal D., Gaillardet J., Hughes H.J., Opfergelt S., André L. Contrasting silicon isotope signatures in rivers from the Congo Basin and the specific behaviour of organic-rich waters. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37:L12403.
10. De La Rocha C.L. Silicon isotope fractionation by marine sponges and the reconstruction of the silicon isotope composition of ancient deep water. Geology 2003, 31:423-426.
11. De La Rocha C.L. Silicon isotope-based reconstructions of the silicon cycle. The Silicon Cycle: Human Perturbations and Impacts on Aquatic Systems 2006, Scope 66:215-227. Island Press, Washigton, DC.
12. De La Rocha C.L., Bickle M.J. Sensitivity of silicon isotopes to whole-ocean changes in the silica cycle. Mar. Geol. 2005, 217:267-282.
13. De La Rocha C.L., Brzezinski M.A., DeNiro M.J. Fractionation of silicon isotopes by marine diatoms during biogenic silica formation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1997, 61:5051-5056.
14. De La Rocha C.L., Brzezinski M.A., DeNiro M.J. A first look at the distribution of the stable isotopes of silicon in natural waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2000, 64:2467-2477.
15. De La Rocha C.L., Brzezinski M.A., DeNiro M.J., Shemesh A. Silicon-isotope composition of diatoms as an indicator of past oceanic change. Nature 1998, 395:680-683.
16. Dessert C., Dupré B., Gaillardet J., Francois L.M., Allégre C.J. Basalt weathering laws and the impact of basalt weathering on the global carbon cycle. Chem. Geol. 2003, 202:257-273.
17. Ding T., Gao J., Tian S., Wang H., Li M. Silicon isotopic composition of dissolved silicon and suspended particulate matter in the Yellow River, China, with implications for the global silicon cycle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2011, 75:6672-6689.
18. Ding T., Jiang S., Wan D., Li Y., Li J., Song H., Liu Z., Yao X. Silicon Isotope Geochemistry 1996, Geological Publishing House, Bejing, China.
19. Ding T., Wan D., Wang C., Zhang F. Silicon isotope compositions of dissolved silicon and suspended matter in the Yangtze river, China. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2004, 68:205-216.
20. Douthitt C.B. The geochemistry of the stable isotopes of silicon. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1982, 46:1449-1458.
21. Egan K.E., Rickaby R.E.M., Leng M.J., Hendry K.R., Hermoso M., Sloane H.J., Bostock H., Halliday A.N. Diatom silicon isotopes as a proxy for silicic acid utilisation: a Southern Ocean core top calibration. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2012, 96:174-192.
22. Eiriksdottir E.S., Louvat P., Gislason S.R., Óskarsson N., Hardardóttir J. Temporal variation of chemical and mechanical weathering in NE Iceland: evaluation of a steady-state model of erosion. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 272:78-88.
23. Engström E., Rodushkin I., Ingri J., Baxter D., Ecke F., Österlund H., Öhlander B. Temporal isotopic variations of dissolved silicon in a pristine boreal river. Chem. Geol. 2010, 271:142-152.
24. Foster G.L., Vance D. Negligible glacial-interglacial variation in continental chemical weathering rates. Nature 2006, 444:918-921.
25. Fripiat F., Cavagna A.-J., Dehairs F., de Brauwere A., André L., Cardinal D. Processes controlling the Si-isotopic composition in the Southern Ocean and application for paleoceanography. Biogeosciences 2012, 9:2443-2457.
26. Fripiat F., Cavagna A.-J., Savoye N., Dehairs F., André L., Cardinal D. Isotopic constraints on the Si-biogeochemical cycle of the Antarctic Zone in the Kerguelen area (KEOPS). Mar. Chem. 2011, 123:11-22.
27. Froelich P.N., Blanc V., Mortlock R.A., Chillrud S.N., Dunstan W., Udomkit A., Peng T.-H. River fluxes of dissolved silica to the ocean were higher during glacials: Ge/Si in diatoms, rivers, and oceans. Paleoceanography 1992, 7:739-767.
28. 2 consumption rates deduced from the chemistry of large rivers. Chem. Geol. 1999, 159:3-30.
29. Gaillardet J., Dupré B., Allègre C.J. Geochemistry of large river suspended sediments: silicate weathering or crustal recycling?. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1999, 63:4037-4051.
30. Georg R.B., Reynolds B.C., Frank M., Halliday A.N. Mechanisms controlling the silicon isotopic compositions of river waters. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 249:290-306.
31. Georg R.B., Reynolds B.C., Frank M., Halliday A.N. New sample preparation techniques for the determination of Si isotopic compositions using MC-ICPMS. Chem. Geol. 2006, 235:95-104.
32. Georg R.B., Reynolds B.C., West A.J., Burton K.W., Halliday A.N. Silicon isotope variations accompanying basalt weathering in Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2007, 261:476-490.
33. Georg R.B., West A.J., Basu A.R., Halliday A.N. Silicon fluxes and isotope composition of direct groundwater discharge into the Bay of Bengal and the effect on the global ocean silicon isotope budget. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett 2009, 283:67-74.
34. Georg R.B., Zhu C., Reynolds B.C., Halliday A.N. Stable silicon isotopes of groundwater, feldspars, and clay coatings in the Navajo Sandstone aquifer, Black Mesa, Arizona, USA. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73:2229-2241.
35. Gislason S.R., Arnorsson S., Armannsson H. Chemical weathering of basalt in southwest Iceland: effects of runoff, age of rocks and vegetative/glacial cover. Am. J. Sci. 1996, 296:837-907.
36. Gislason S.R., Oelkers E.H., Eiriksdottir E.S., Kardjilov M.I., Gisladottir G., Sigfusson B., Snorrason A., Elefsen S., Hardardottir J., Torssander P., Oskarsson N. Direct evidence of the feedback between climate and weathering. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2009, 277:213-222.
37. Guicharnaud, R.A., 2009. Biogeochemistry of Icelandic Andosols. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, 140 pp.
38. Hardarson B.S., Fitton J.G., Hjartarson Á. Tertiary volcanism in Iceland. Jökull 2008, 58:161-178.
39. 2 levels. Paleoceanography 2000, 15:292-298.
40. Hendry K., Georg R.B., Rickaby R., Robinson L., Halliday A.N. Deep ocean nutrients during the Last Glacial Maximum deduced from sponge silicon isotopic compositions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 292:290-300.
41. Hughes H.J., Sondag F., Cocquyt C., Laraque A., Pandi A., André L., Cardinal D. Effect of seasonal biogenic silica variations on dissolved silicon fluxes and isotopic signatures in the Congo River. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2011, 56:551-561.
42. Kump L.R., Alley R.B. Global chemical weathering on glacial time scales. In: Usselman, T.M., Hay, W.W. (Eds.). National Research Council, Material Fluxes on the Surface of the Earth 1994, 46-60. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
43. Lemarchand E., Chabaux F., Vigier N., Millot R., Pierret M.-C. Lithium isotope systematics in a forested granitic catchment (Strengbach, Vosges Mountains, France). Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2010, 74:4612-4628.
44. Louvat P., Gislason S.R., Allegre C.J. Chemical and mechanical erosion rates in Iceland as deduced from river dissolved and solid material. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:679-726.
45. Mortlock R.A., Charles C.D., Froelich P.N., Zibello M.A., Saltzman J., Hays J.D., Burckle L.H. Evidence for lower productivity in the Antarctic Ocean during the last glaciation. Nature 1991, 351:220-223.
46. Nelson D.M., Tréguer P., Brzezinski M.A., Leynaert A., Quéguiner B. Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in the ocean: revised global estimates, comparison with regional data and relationship to biogenic sedimentation. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1995, 9:359-372.
47. Opfergelt S., de Bournonville G., Cardinal D., André L., Delstanche S., Delvaux B. Impact of soil weathering degree on silicon isotopic fractionation during adsorption onto iron oxides in basaltic ash soils, Cameroon. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2009, 73:7226-7240.
48. 30Si and Ge/Si with weathering and biogenic input in tropical basaltic ash soils under monoculture. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2010, 74:225-240.
49. Opfergelt S., Delmelle P. Silicon isotopes and continental weathering processes: assessing controls on Si transfer to the ocean. C R Geosci. 2012, 344:723-738.
50. Opfergelt S., Eiriksdottir E.S., Burton K.W., Einarsson A., Siebert C., Gislason S.R., Halliday A.N. Quantifying the impact of freshwater diatom productivity on silicon isotopes and silicon fluxes: Lake Myvatn, Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 305:73-82.
51. Pearce C.R., Burton K.W., Pogge von Strandmann P.A.E., James R.H., Gislason S.R. Molybdenum isotope behaviour accompanying continental weathering and riverine transport in a basaltic terrain. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 295:104-114.
52. Pogge von Strandmann P.A.E., Opfergelt S., Lai Y.J., Sigfusson B., Gislason S.R., Burton K.W. Lithium, magnesium and silicon isotope behaviour accompanying weathering in a basaltic soil and pore water profile in Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 339-340:11-23.
53. Pogge von Strandmann P.A.E., Burton K.W., James R.H., van Calsteren P., Gislason S.R. The influence of weathering processes on riverine magnesium isotopes in a basaltic terrain. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 276:187-197.
54. Pogge von Strandmann P.A.E., Burton K.W., James R.H., van Calsteren P., Gislason S.R., Mokadem F. Riverine behaviour of uranium and lithium isotopes in an actively glaciated basaltic terrain. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 251:134-147.
55. Reynolds B.C., Aggarwal J., André L., Baxter D., Beucher C., Brzezinski M.A., Engstrom E., Georg R.B., Land M., Leng M.J., Opfergelt S., Rodushkin I., Sloane H.J., van den Boorn S., Vroon P.Z., Cardinal D. An inter-laboratory comparison of Si isotope reference materials. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2007, 22:561-568.
56. Reynolds B.C., Frank M., Halliday A.N. Silicon isotope fractionation during nutrient utilization in the North Pacific. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 244:431-443.
57. Savage P.S., Georg R.B., Armytage R.M.G., Williams H.M., Halliday A.N. Silicon isotope homogeneity in the mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 295:139-146.
58. Savage P.S., Georg R.B., Williams H.M., Turner S., Halliday A.N., Chappell B.W. The silicon isotope composition of granites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2012, 92:184-202.
59. Shemesh A., Macko S.E., Charles C.D., Rau G.H. Isotopic evidence for reduced productivity in the glacial Southern Ocean. Science 1993, 262:407-410.
60. 15N of nitrate in the Southern Ocean: consumption of nitrate in surface waters. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1999, 13:1149-1166.
61. Smetacek V. Diatoms and the ocean carbon cycle. Protist 1999, 150:25-32.
62. Tranter M. Geochemical weathering in glacial and proglacial environments. Treatise on Geochemistry 2003, 189-205. Pergamon, Oxford. H.D. Holland, K.K. Turekian (Eds.).
63. Tréguer P.J., De La Rocha C.L. The World Ocean Silica Cycle. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2013, 5:477-501.
64. Tréguer P., Nelson D.M., Van Bennekom A.J., De Master D.J., Leynaert A., Quéguiner B. The silica balance in the world ocean: a reestimate. Science 1995, 268:375-379.
65. Vance D., Teagle D.A.H., Foster G.L. Variable Quaternary chemical weathering fluxes and imbalances in marine geochemical budgets. Nature 2009, 458:493.
66. Varela D.E., Pride C.J., Brzezinski M.A. Biological fractionation of silicon isotopes in southern ocean surface waters. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2004, 18. GB1047.
67. Vigier N., Burton K.W., Gislason S.R., Rogers N.W., Duchene S., Thomas L., Hodge E., Schaefer B. The relationship between riverine U-series disequilibria and erosion rates in a basaltic terrain. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 249:258-273.
68. Vigier N., Gislason S.R., Burton K.W., Millot R., Mokadem F. The relationship between riverine lithium isotope composition and silicate weathering rates in Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2009, 287:434-441.
69. West A.J., Galy A., Bickle M.J. Tectonic and climatic controls on silicate weathering. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 235:211-228.
70. Wimpenny J., Burton K.W., James R.H., Gannoun A., Mokadem F., Gíslason S.R. The behaviour of magnesium and its isotopes during glacial weathering in an ancient shield terrain in West Greenland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 304:260-269.
71. 30Si ratios during progressive basalt weathering, Hawaiian Islands. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2005, 69:4597-4610.