메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 264-269

How clonal are Trypanosoma and Leishmania?

Author keywords

Clonality; Homogamy; Kinetoplastida; Linkage disequilibrium; Molecular epidemiology; Population genetics; Preponderant clonal evolution; Selfing

Indexed keywords

ANEUPLOIDY; APPLIED RESEARCH; BACTERIUM; CLADISTICS; CLONAL VARIATION; DNA REPAIR; FUNGUS; GENE LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENOTYPE; LEISHMANIA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PHYLOGENY; POPULATION GENETICS; PROTOZOON; PURIFYING SELECTION; REVIEW; TAXONOMY; TRYPANOSOMA; YEAST;

EID: 84878198590     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: 14715007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.03.007     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (81)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 84870362142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive clonality of pathogens: a perspective on pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasitic protozoa
    • Tibayrenc M., Ayala F.J. Reproductive clonality of pathogens: a perspective on pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasitic protozoa. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2012, 109:E3305-E3313.
    • (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.109
    • Tibayrenc, M.1    Ayala, F.J.2
  • 2
    • 77958140034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Everything you always wanted to know about sex (but were afraid to ask)' in Leishmania after two decades of laboratory and field analyses
    • Rougeron V., et al. 'Everything you always wanted to know about sex (but were afraid to ask)' in Leishmania after two decades of laboratory and field analyses. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1001004.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6
    • Rougeron, V.1
  • 3
    • 70350439244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular epidemiology and phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi and parallel research on Leishmania: looking back and to the future
    • Miles M.A., et al. The molecular epidemiology and phylogeography of Trypanosoma cruzi and parallel research on Leishmania: looking back and to the future. Parasitology 2009, 136:1509-1528.
    • (2009) Parasitology , vol.136 , pp. 1509-1528
    • Miles, M.A.1
  • 4
    • 0036746010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: 12 years on
    • Tibayrenc M., Ayala F.J. The clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: 12 years on. Trends Parasitol. 2002, 18:405-410.
    • (2002) Trends Parasitol. , vol.18 , pp. 405-410
    • Tibayrenc, M.1    Ayala, F.J.2
  • 5
    • 84861204048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple mitochondrial introgression events and heteroplasmy in Trypanosoma cruzi revealed by maxicircle MLST and next generation sequencing
    • Messenger L.A., et al. Multiple mitochondrial introgression events and heteroplasmy in Trypanosoma cruzi revealed by maxicircle MLST and next generation sequencing. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1584.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6
    • Messenger, L.A.1
  • 6
    • 65949089635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of mating in the major African livestock pathogen Trypanosoma congolense
    • Morrison L.J., et al. Discovery of mating in the major African livestock pathogen Trypanosoma congolense. PLoS ONE 2009, 4:e5564.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Morrison, L.J.1
  • 7
    • 78650709340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex, subdivision, and domestic dispersal of Trypanosoma cruzi lineage I in Southern Ecuador
    • Ocaña-Mayorga S., et al. Sex, subdivision, and domestic dispersal of Trypanosoma cruzi lineage I in Southern Ecuador. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2010, 4:e915.
    • (2010) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.4
    • Ocaña-Mayorga, S.1
  • 8
    • 84865486319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary cryptic sexuality in Trypanosoma cruzi
    • Ramírez J.D., et al. Contemporary cryptic sexuality in Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol. Ecol. 2012, 21:4216-4226.
    • (2012) Mol. Ecol. , vol.21 , pp. 4216-4226
    • Ramírez, J.D.1
  • 9
    • 33846566797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics and molecular epidemiology or how to 'débusquer la bête'
    • De Meeûs T., et al. Population genetics and molecular epidemiology or how to 'débusquer la bête'. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2007, 7:308-332.
    • (2007) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.7 , pp. 308-332
    • De Meeûs, T.1
  • 10
    • 78649780392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure of Leishmania donovani strains isolated from different Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis endemic areas
    • Gelanew T., et al. Inference of population structure of Leishmania donovani strains isolated from different Ethiopian visceral leishmaniasis endemic areas. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2010, 4:e889.
    • (2010) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.4
    • Gelanew, T.1
  • 11
    • 0025524298 scopus 로고
    • A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structure of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas and Trypanosoma, and its medical and taxonomical consequences
    • Tibayrenc M., et al. A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structure of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas and Trypanosoma, and its medical and taxonomical consequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1990, 87:2414-2418.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.87 , pp. 2414-2418
    • Tibayrenc, M.1
  • 13
    • 84857644998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidate targets for multilocus sequence typing of Trypanosoma cruzi: validation using parasite stocks from the Chaco region and a set of reference strains
    • Lauthier J.J., et al. Candidate targets for multilocus sequence typing of Trypanosoma cruzi: validation using parasite stocks from the Chaco region and a set of reference strains. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2012, 12:350-358.
    • (2012) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.12 , pp. 350-358
    • Lauthier, J.J.1
  • 14
    • 84857866348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) of strains from Turkey and Cyprus reveals a novel monophyletic L. donovani sensu lato group
    • Gouzelou E., et al. Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) of strains from Turkey and Cyprus reveals a novel monophyletic L. donovani sensu lato group. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1507.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6
    • Gouzelou, E.1
  • 15
    • 57649134465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) reveals genetic homogeneity of Leishmania donovani strains in the Indian subcontinent
    • Alam M.Z., et al. Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) reveals genetic homogeneity of Leishmania donovani strains in the Indian subcontinent. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2009, 9:24-31.
    • (2009) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.9 , pp. 24-31
    • Alam, M.Z.1
  • 16
    • 84855208920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular approaches for a better understanding of the epidemiology and population genetics of Leishmania
    • Schönian G., et al. Molecular approaches for a better understanding of the epidemiology and population genetics of Leishmania. Parasitology 2011, 16:1-21.
    • (2011) Parasitology , vol.16 , pp. 1-21
    • Schönian, G.1
  • 17
    • 70449572375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma cruzi IIc: phylogenetic and phylogeographic insights from sequence and microsatellite analysis and potential impact on emergent Chagas disease
    • Llewellyn M.S., et al. Trypanosoma cruzi IIc: phylogenetic and phylogeographic insights from sequence and microsatellite analysis and potential impact on emergent Chagas disease. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2009, 3:e510.
    • (2009) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.3
    • Llewellyn, M.S.1
  • 18
    • 84856262930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double peaks reveal rare diplomonad sex
    • Andersson J.O. Double peaks reveal rare diplomonad sex. Trends Parasitol. 2012, 28:46-52.
    • (2012) Trends Parasitol. , vol.28 , pp. 46-52
    • Andersson, J.O.1
  • 19
    • 33845494678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ameiotic recombination in asexual lineages of Daphnia
    • Omilian A.R., et al. Ameiotic recombination in asexual lineages of Daphnia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2006, 103:18638-18643.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.103 , pp. 18638-18643
    • Omilian, A.R.1
  • 20
    • 84866296846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole chromosome aneuploidy: big mutations drive adaptation by phenotypic leap
    • Chen G., et al. Whole chromosome aneuploidy: big mutations drive adaptation by phenotypic leap. Bioessays 2012, 34:893-900.
    • (2012) Bioessays , vol.34 , pp. 893-900
    • Chen, G.1
  • 21
    • 83055168329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole genome sequencing of multiple Leishmania donovani clinical isolates provides insights into population structure and mechanisms of drug resistance
    • Downing T., et al. Whole genome sequencing of multiple Leishmania donovani clinical isolates provides insights into population structure and mechanisms of drug resistance. Genome Res. 2011, 21:2143-2156.
    • (2011) Genome Res. , vol.21 , pp. 2143-2156
    • Downing, T.1
  • 22
    • 84865172945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive mechanisms in pathogens: universal aneuploidy in Leishmania
    • Mannaert A., et al. Adaptive mechanisms in pathogens: universal aneuploidy in Leishmania. Trends Parasitol. 2012, 28:370-376.
    • (2012) Trends Parasitol. , vol.28 , pp. 370-376
    • Mannaert, A.1
  • 23
    • 83055181962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome and gene copy number variation allow major structural change between species and strains of Leishmania
    • Rogers M.B., et al. Chromosome and gene copy number variation allow major structural change between species and strains of Leishmania. Genome Res. 2011, 21:2129-2142.
    • (2011) Genome Res. , vol.21 , pp. 2129-2142
    • Rogers, M.B.1
  • 24
    • 78651450603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FISH analysis reveals aneuploidy and continual generation of chromosomal mosaicism in Leishmania major
    • Sterkers Y., et al. FISH analysis reveals aneuploidy and continual generation of chromosomal mosaicism in Leishmania major. Cell. Microbiol. 2011, 13:274-283.
    • (2011) Cell. Microbiol. , vol.13 , pp. 274-283
    • Sterkers, Y.1
  • 25
    • 84867077750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel insights into genome plasticity in eukaryotes: mosaic aneuploidy in Leishmania
    • Sterkers Y., et al. Novel insights into genome plasticity in eukaryotes: mosaic aneuploidy in Leishmania. Mol. Microbiol. 2012, 86:15-23.
    • (2012) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.86 , pp. 15-23
    • Sterkers, Y.1
  • 26
    • 79952345827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread, focal copy number variations (CNV) and whole chromosome aneuploidies in Trypanosoma cruzi strains revealed by array comparative genomic hybridization
    • Minning T.A., et al. Widespread, focal copy number variations (CNV) and whole chromosome aneuploidies in Trypanosoma cruzi strains revealed by array comparative genomic hybridization. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:139.
    • (2011) BMC Genomics , vol.12 , pp. 139
    • Minning, T.A.1
  • 27
    • 84868214369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Leishmania braziliensis species complex from amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and clinical implications
    • Odiwuor S., et al. Evolution of the Leishmania braziliensis species complex from amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and clinical implications. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2012, 12:1994-2002.
    • (2012) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.12 , pp. 1994-2002
    • Odiwuor, S.1
  • 28
    • 79956324313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmania AFLP: paving the way towards improved molecular assays and markers of diversity
    • Odiwuor S., et al. Leishmania AFLP: paving the way towards improved molecular assays and markers of diversity. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2011, 11:960-967.
    • (2011) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 960-967
    • Odiwuor, S.1
  • 29
    • 79959861777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative microsatellite typing of New World Leishmania infantum reveals low heterogeneity among populations and its recent Old World origin
    • Kuhls K., et al. Comparative microsatellite typing of New World Leishmania infantum reveals low heterogeneity among populations and its recent Old World origin. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2011, 5:e1155.
    • (2011) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.5
    • Kuhls, K.1
  • 30
    • 84863651273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: predominance of TcI
    • Brenière S.F., et al. Genetic characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs in wild Triatoma infestans from Bolivia: predominance of TcI. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1650.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6
    • Brenière, S.F.1
  • 31
    • 33645787855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancestral genomes, sex, and the population structure of Trypanosoma cruzi
    • de Freitas J.M., et al. Ancestral genomes, sex, and the population structure of Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS Pathog. 2006, 2:e24.
    • (2006) PLoS Pathog. , vol.2
    • de Freitas, J.M.1
  • 32
    • 55649121367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei gambiense type 1 populations from human patients are clonal and display geographical genetic differentiation
    • Morrison L.J., et al. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense type 1 populations from human patients are clonal and display geographical genetic differentiation. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2008, 8:847-854.
    • (2008) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.8 , pp. 847-854
    • Morrison, L.J.1
  • 33
    • 84860657731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite typing and population structuring of Trypanosoma evansi in Mindanao, Philippines
    • McInnes L.M., et al. Microsatellite typing and population structuring of Trypanosoma evansi in Mindanao, Philippines. Vet. Parasitol. 2012, 187:129-139.
    • (2012) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.187 , pp. 129-139
    • McInnes, L.M.1
  • 34
    • 78650220128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and lineage genotyping of South American trypanosomes using fluorescent fragment length barcoding
    • Hamilton P.B., et al. Identification and lineage genotyping of South American trypanosomes using fluorescent fragment length barcoding. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2011, 11:44-51.
    • (2011) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 44-51
    • Hamilton, P.B.1
  • 35
    • 25844484127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing genetic diversity in clonal organisms: low diversity or low resolution? Combining power and cost efficiency in selecting markers
    • Arnaud-Haond S., et al. Assessing genetic diversity in clonal organisms: low diversity or low resolution? Combining power and cost efficiency in selecting markers. J. Hered. 2005, 96:434-440.
    • (2005) J. Hered. , vol.96 , pp. 434-440
    • Arnaud-Haond, S.1
  • 36
    • 54849408146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphism of Algerian Leishmania infantum strains revealed by multilocus microsatellite analysis
    • Seridi N., et al. Genetic polymorphism of Algerian Leishmania infantum strains revealed by multilocus microsatellite analysis. Microbes Infect. 2008, 10:1309-1315.
    • (2008) Microbes Infect. , vol.10 , pp. 1309-1315
    • Seridi, N.1
  • 37
    • 0033954610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of six Trypanosoma cruzi phylogenetic lineages by random amplified polymorphic DNA and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis
    • Brisse S., et al. Identification of six Trypanosoma cruzi phylogenetic lineages by random amplified polymorphic DNA and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Int. J. Parasitol. 2000, 30:35-44.
    • (2000) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.30 , pp. 35-44
    • Brisse, S.1
  • 38
    • 84857655347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The revised Trypanosoma cruzi subspecific nomenclature: rationale, epidemiological relevance and research applications
    • Zingales B., et al. The revised Trypanosoma cruzi subspecific nomenclature: rationale, epidemiological relevance and research applications. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2012, 12:240-253.
    • (2012) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.12 , pp. 240-253
    • Zingales, B.1
  • 39
    • 84861954219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TcBat, a bat-exclusive lineage of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Panama Canal Zone, with comments on its classification and the use of the 18S rRNA gene for lineage identification
    • Pinto C.M., et al. TcBat, a bat-exclusive lineage of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Panama Canal Zone, with comments on its classification and the use of the 18S rRNA gene for lineage identification. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2012, 12:1328-1332.
    • (2012) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.12 , pp. 1328-1332
    • Pinto, C.M.1
  • 40
    • 79952471835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeography and taxonomy of Trypanosoma brucei
    • Balmer O., et al. Phylogeography and taxonomy of Trypanosoma brucei. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2011, 5:e961.
    • (2011) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.5
    • Balmer, O.1
  • 41
    • 74949106233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From clonal to sexual: a step in T. congolense evolution?
    • Holzmuller P., et al. From clonal to sexual: a step in T. congolense evolution?. Trends Parasitol. 2010, 26:56-60.
    • (2010) Trends Parasitol. , vol.26 , pp. 56-60
    • Holzmuller, P.1
  • 42
    • 84860998532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic structure of Leishmania infantum populations in Brazil and its possible association with the transmission cycle of visceral leishmaniasis
    • Ferreira G.E.M., et al. The genetic structure of Leishmania infantum populations in Brazil and its possible association with the transmission cycle of visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS ONE 2012, 7:e36242.
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7
    • Ferreira, G.E.M.1
  • 43
    • 79957605983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma cruzi I diversity: towards the need of genetic subdivision?
    • Guhl F., Ramírez J.D. Trypanosoma cruzi I diversity: towards the need of genetic subdivision?. Acta Trop. 2011, 119:1-4.
    • (2011) Acta Trop. , vol.119 , pp. 1-4
    • Guhl, F.1    Ramírez, J.D.2
  • 44
    • 34249743231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying four Trypanosoma cruzi I isolate haplotypes from different geographic regions in Colombia
    • Herrera C., et al. Identifying four Trypanosoma cruzi I isolate haplotypes from different geographic regions in Colombia. Infect. Genet. Evol. 2007, 7:535-539.
    • (2007) Infect. Genet. Evol. , vol.7 , pp. 535-539
    • Herrera, C.1
  • 45
    • 78149497937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma cruzi I genotypes in different geographical regions and transmission cycles based on a microsatellite motif of the intergenic spacer of spliced-leader genes
    • Cura C.I., et al. Trypanosoma cruzi I genotypes in different geographical regions and transmission cycles based on a microsatellite motif of the intergenic spacer of spliced-leader genes. Int. J. Parasitol. 2010, 40:1599-1607.
    • (2010) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.40 , pp. 1599-1607
    • Cura, C.I.1
  • 46
    • 79957609164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic reconstruction based on Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene sequences reveals distinct genotypes within Colombian Trypanosoma cruzi I populations
    • Ramírez J.D., et al. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene sequences reveals distinct genotypes within Colombian Trypanosoma cruzi I populations. Acta Trop. 2011, 119:61-65.
    • (2011) Acta Trop. , vol.119 , pp. 61-65
    • Ramírez, J.D.1
  • 47
    • 84872769999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural and emergent Trypanosoma cruzi I genotypes revealed by mitochondrial (Cytb) and nuclear (SSU rDNA) genetic markers
    • Ramírez J.D., et al. Natural and emergent Trypanosoma cruzi I genotypes revealed by mitochondrial (Cytb) and nuclear (SSU rDNA) genetic markers. Exp. Parasitol. 2012, 132:487-494.
    • (2012) Exp. Parasitol. , vol.132 , pp. 487-494
    • Ramírez, J.D.1
  • 48
    • 79960635097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive strategies and population structure in Leishmania: substantial amount of sex in Leishmania Viannia guyanensis
    • Rougeron V., et al. Reproductive strategies and population structure in Leishmania: substantial amount of sex in Leishmania Viannia guyanensis. Mol. Ecol. 2011, 20:3116-3127.
    • (2011) Mol. Ecol. , vol.20 , pp. 3116-3127
    • Rougeron, V.1
  • 49
    • 64849083163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of genetic exchange during cyclical development of Leishmania in the sand fly vector
    • Akopyants N.S., et al. Demonstration of genetic exchange during cyclical development of Leishmania in the sand fly vector. Science 2009, 324:265-268.
    • (2009) Science , vol.324 , pp. 265-268
    • Akopyants, N.S.1
  • 50
    • 0037468185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of genetic exchange in American trypanosomes
    • Gaunt M.W., et al. Mechanism of genetic exchange in American trypanosomes. Nature 2003, 421:936-939.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 936-939
    • Gaunt, M.W.1
  • 51
    • 80051621434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome size, karyotype polymorphism and chromosomal evolution in Trypanosoma cruzi
    • Souza R.T., et al. Genome size, karyotype polymorphism and chromosomal evolution in Trypanosoma cruzi. PLoS ONE 2011, 6:e23042.
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6
    • Souza, R.T.1
  • 52
    • 45549094609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using a meiosis detection toolkit to investigate ancient asexual 'scandals' and the evolution of sex
    • Schurko A.M., Logsdon J.M. Using a meiosis detection toolkit to investigate ancient asexual 'scandals' and the evolution of sex. Bioessays 2008, 30:579-589.
    • (2008) Bioessays , vol.30 , pp. 579-589
    • Schurko, A.M.1    Logsdon, J.M.2
  • 53
    • 79952744463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the meiotic life cycle stage of Trypanosoma brucei in the tsetse fly
    • Peacock L., et al. Identification of the meiotic life cycle stage of Trypanosoma brucei in the tsetse fly. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011, 108:3671-3676.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.108 , pp. 3671-3676
    • Peacock, L.1
  • 54
    • 65649130778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meiosis genes in Daphnia pulex and the role of parthenogenesis in genome evolution
    • Schurko A.M., et al. Meiosis genes in Daphnia pulex and the role of parthenogenesis in genome evolution. BMC Evol. Biol. 2009, 9:78.
    • (2009) BMC Evol. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 78
    • Schurko, A.M.1
  • 55
    • 78650556355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic character mapping of proteomic diversity shows high correlation with subspecific phylogenetic diversity in Trypanosoma cruzi
    • Telleria J., et al. Phylogenetic character mapping of proteomic diversity shows high correlation with subspecific phylogenetic diversity in Trypanosoma cruzi. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2010, 107:20411-20416.
    • (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.107 , pp. 20411-20416
    • Telleria, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.