메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2013, Pages 486-498

Delirium prevalence, incidence, and implications for screening in specialist palliative care inpatient settings: A systematic review

Author keywords

Cancer; delirium; incidence; inpatients; palliative care; prevalence; review; screening

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED CANCER; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DEATH; DELIRIUM; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; SCREENING;

EID: 84877941430     PISSN: 02692163     EISSN: 1477030X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0269216312457214     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (206)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 49149083044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium issues in palliative care settings
    • Leonard M, Agar M, Mason C, et al. Delirium issues in palliative care settings. J Psychosom Res. 2008 ; 65 (3). 289-298
    • (2008) J Psychosom Res , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-298
    • Leonard, M.1    Agar, M.2    Mason, C.3
  • 3
    • 4544381224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for assessment of cognitive failure and delirium in palliative care patients: Implications for practice and research
    • Hjermstad MJ, Loge JH, Kaasa S. Methods for assessment of cognitive failure and delirium in palliative care patients: implications for practice and research. Palliat Med. 2004 ; 18 (6). 494-506
    • (2004) Palliat Med , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 494-506
    • Hjermstad, M.J.1    Loge, J.H.2    Kaasa, S.3
  • 4
    • 0342700250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence, causes, and outcome of delirium in patients with advanced cancer: A prospective study
    • Lawlor PG, Gagnon B, Mancini IL, et al. Occurrence, causes, and outcome of delirium in patients with advanced cancer: a prospective study. Arch Intern Med. 2000 ; 160 (6). 786-794
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , Issue.6 , pp. 786-794
    • Lawlor, P.G.1    Gagnon, B.2    Mancini, I.L.3
  • 5
    • 39049112462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, detection and treatment of delirium in terminal cancer inpatients: A prospective survey
    • Fang CK, Chen HW, Liu SI, et al. Prevalence, detection and treatment of delirium in terminal cancer inpatients: a prospective survey. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2008 ; 38 (1). 56-63
    • (2008) Jpn J Clin Oncol , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-63
    • Fang, C.K.1    Chen, H.W.2    Liu, S.I.3
  • 6
    • 0036097548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The delirium experience: Delirium recall and delirium-related distress in hospitalized patients with cancer, their spouses/caregivers, and their nurses
    • Breitbart W, Gibson C, Tremblay A. The delirium experience: delirium recall and delirium-related distress in hospitalized patients with cancer, their spouses/caregivers, and their nurses. Psychosomatics. 2002 ; 43 (3). 183-194
    • (2002) Psychosomatics , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 183-194
    • Breitbart, W.1    Gibson, C.2    Tremblay, A.3
  • 7
    • 65649094822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of delirium and recall on the level of distress in patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers
    • Bruera E, Bush SH, Willey J, et al. Impact of delirium and recall on the level of distress in patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers. Cancer. 2009 ; 115 (9). 2004-2012
    • (2009) Cancer , vol.115 , Issue.9 , pp. 2004-2012
    • Bruera, E.1    Bush, S.H.2    Willey, J.3
  • 8
    • 49149110720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The delirium experience: A review
    • O'Malley G, Leonard M, Meagher D, et al. The delirium experience: a review. J Psychosom Res. 2008 ; 65 (3). 223-228
    • (2008) J Psychosom Res , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-228
    • O'Malley, G.1    Leonard, M.2    Meagher, D.3
  • 9
    • 0038013620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact on the family of terminal restlessness and its management
    • Brajtman S. The impact on the family of terminal restlessness and its management. Palliat Med. 2003 ; 17 (5). 454-460
    • (2003) Palliat Med , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 454-460
    • Brajtman, S.1
  • 10
    • 36249024921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal delirium: Families' experience
    • Namba M, Morita T, Imura C, et al. Terminal delirium: families' experience. Palliat Med. 2007 ; 21 (7). 587-594
    • (2007) Palliat Med , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 587-594
    • Namba, M.1    Morita, T.2    Imura, C.3
  • 11
    • 36348939782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal delirium: Recommendations from bereaved families' experiences
    • Morita T, Akechi T, Ikenaga M, et al. Terminal delirium: recommendations from bereaved families' experiences. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2007 ; 34 (6). 579-589
    • (2007) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 579-589
    • Morita, T.1    Akechi, T.2    Ikenaga, M.3
  • 12
    • 0003652388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4th ed. text rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
    • DSM- IV-TR: diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4 th ed. text rev. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association ; 2000 :
    • (2000) DSM- IV-TR: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • 13
    • 23644456015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical subtypes of delirium and their relevance for daily clinical practice: A systematic review
    • De Rooij SE, Schuurmans MJ, Van Der, Mast RC, et al. Clinical subtypes of delirium and their relevance for daily clinical practice: a systematic review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005 ; 20 (7). 609-615
    • (2005) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 609-615
    • De Rooij, S.E.1    Schuurmans, M.J.2    Van Der3    Mast, R.C.4
  • 14
    • 84856240962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium prevention in terminal cancer: Assessment of a multicomponent intervention
    • Gagnon P, Allard P, Gagnon B, et al. Delirium prevention in terminal cancer: assessment of a multicomponent intervention. Psychooncology. 2012 ; 21 (2). 187-194
    • (2012) Psychooncology , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-194
    • Gagnon, P.1    Allard, P.2    Gagnon, B.3
  • 15
    • 84921703643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug therapy for delirium in terminally ill adult patients
    • [serial on the Internet] 2004; Issue no. 2
    • JacksonKCLipmanAG. Drug therapy for delirium in terminally ill adult patients. Cochrane DB Syst Rev [serial on the Internet] 2004; Issue no. 2, http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD004770/frame. html
    • Cochrane DB Syst Rev
    • Jackson, K.C.1    Lipman, A.G.2
  • 16
    • 77953780883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using psychostimulants in end-of-life patients with hypoactive delirium and cognitive disorders: A literature review
    • Elie D, Gagnon P, Gagnon B, et al. Using psychostimulants in end-of-life patients with hypoactive delirium and cognitive disorders: a literature review. Can J Psychiatry. 2010 ; 55 (6). 386-393
    • (2010) Can J Psychiatry , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 386-393
    • Elie, D.1    Gagnon, P.2    Gagnon, B.3
  • 17
    • 58149252493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversibility of delirium in terminally ill patients and predictors of mortality
    • Leonard M, Raju B, Conroy M, et al. Reversibility of delirium in terminally ill patients and predictors of mortality. Palliat Med. 2008 ; 22 (7). 848-854
    • (2008) Palliat Med , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 848-854
    • Leonard, M.1    Raju, B.2    Conroy, M.3
  • 18
    • 34249012145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid medications and longitudinal risk of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients
    • Gaudreau J, Gagnon P, Roy M, et al. Opioid medications and longitudinal risk of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients. Cancer. 2007 ; 109 (11). 2365-2373
    • (2007) Cancer , vol.109 , Issue.11 , pp. 2365-2373
    • Gaudreau, J.1    Gagnon, P.2    Roy, M.3
  • 19
    • 27244458356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychoactive medications and risk of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients
    • Gaudreau J, Gagnon P, Harel F, et al. Psychoactive medications and risk of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients. J Clin Oncol. 2005 ; 23 (27). 6712-6718
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.27 , pp. 6712-6718
    • Gaudreau, J.1    Gagnon, P.2    Harel, F.3
  • 20
    • 0034855746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminal sedation in palliative medicine definition and review of the literature
    • Cowan JD, Walsh D. Terminal sedation in palliative medicine definition and review of the literature. Support Care Cancer. 2001 ; 9 (6). 403-407
    • (2001) Support Care Cancer , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 403-407
    • Cowan, J.D.1    Walsh, D.2
  • 21
    • 0034204198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sedation for delirium and other symptoms in terminally ill patients in Edmonton
    • Fainsinger RL, De Moissac D, Mancini I, et al. Sedation for delirium and other symptoms in terminally ill patients in Edmonton. J Palliat Care. 2000 ; 16 (2). 5-10
    • (2000) J Palliat Care , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 5-10
    • Fainsinger, R.L.1    De Moissac, D.2    Mancini, I.3
  • 22
    • 77956986479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recognition and documentation of delirium in hospital palliative care inpatients
    • Barnes J, Kite S, Kumar M. The recognition and documentation of delirium in hospital palliative care inpatients. Palliat Support Care. 2010 ; 8 (2). 133-136
    • (2010) Palliat Support Care , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-136
    • Barnes, J.1    Kite, S.2    Kumar, M.3
  • 23
    • 44449104237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric issues in palliative care: Recognition of delirium in patients enrolled in hospice care
    • Irwin SA, Rao S, Bower KA, et al. Psychiatric issues in palliative care: recognition of delirium in patients enrolled in hospice care. Palliat Support Care. 2008 ; 6 (2). 159-164
    • (2008) Palliat Support Care , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-164
    • Irwin, S.A.1    Rao, S.2    Bower, K.A.3
  • 24
    • 84858859941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making decisions about delirium: A qualitative comparison of decision making between nurses working in palliative care, aged care, aged care psychiatry, and oncology
    • Agar M, Draper B, Phillips PA, et al. Making decisions about delirium: a qualitative comparison of decision making between nurses working in palliative care, aged care, aged care psychiatry, and oncology. Palliat Med. 2011 ;:
    • (2011) Palliat Med
    • Agar, M.1    Draper, B.2    Phillips, P.A.3
  • 25
    • 79952298669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ease of screening for depression and delirium in patients enrolled in inpatient hospice care
    • Rao S, Ferris FD, Irwin SA. Ease of screening for depression and delirium in patients enrolled in inpatient hospice care. J Palliat Med. 2011 ; 14 (3). 275-279
    • (2011) J Palliat Med , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 275-279
    • Rao, S.1    Ferris, F.D.2    Irwin, S.A.3
  • 26
    • 84863367194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recognition of delirium in hospice inpatient units
    • Smith J, Adcock L. The recognition of delirium in hospice inpatient units. Palliat Med. 2012 ; 26 (3). 283-285
    • (2012) Palliat Med , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-285
    • Smith, J.1    Adcock, L.2
  • 27
    • 58149269465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agitation and delirium at the end of life: "we couldn't manage him."
    • Breitbart W, Alici Y. Agitation and delirium at the end of life: "We couldn't manage him.". JAMA. 2008 ; 300 (24). 2898-2910
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , Issue.24 , pp. 2898-2910
    • Breitbart, W.1    Alici, Y.2
  • 28
    • 0035318124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For the Methods Word Group, third U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Current methods of the U.S. preventive services task force: A review of the process
    • Harris RP, Helfand M, Woolf SH, et al. for the Methods Word Group, third U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Current methods of the U.S. preventive services task force: a review of the process. Am J Prev Med. 2001 ; 20 (3S). 21-35
    • (2001) Am J Prev Med , vol.20 , Issue.3 S , pp. 21-35
    • Harris, R.P.1    Helfand, M.2    Woolf, S.H.3
  • 30
    • 0034685429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology - A proposal for reporting
    • Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, et al. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology - a proposal for reporting. JAMA. 2000 ; 283 (15). 2008-2012
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , Issue.15 , pp. 2008-2012
    • Stroup, D.F.1    Berlin, J.A.2    Morton, S.C.3
  • 31
    • 0003763435 scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed.Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1980. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
    • DSM-III diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3 rd ed.Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1980. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association ; 1980 :
    • (1980) DSM-III Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  • 32
    • 67649359889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sources: Mapping the literature of palliative care
    • Tieman J, Sladek R, Currow D. Multiple sources: mapping the literature of palliative care. Palliat Med. 2009 ; 23 (5). 425-431
    • (2009) Palliat Med , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 425-431
    • Tieman, J.1    Sladek, R.2    Currow, D.3
  • 33
    • 35648939797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies
    • Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. PLoS Med. 2007 ; 4 (10). e296
    • (2007) PLoS Med , vol.4 , Issue.10 , pp. 296
    • Von Elm, E.1    Altman, D.G.2    Egger, M.3
  • 34
    • 33847782432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for evaluating prevalence studies
    • Boyle MH. Guidelines for evaluating prevalence studies. Evid Base Ment Health. 1998 ; 1 (2). 37-39
    • (1998) Evid Base Ment Health , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 37-39
    • Boyle, M.H.1
  • 35
    • 0042926513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in a palliative care unit
    • Lam PT, Tse CY, Lee CH. Delirium in a palliative care unit. Prog Palliat Care. 2003 ; 13 (3). 126-133
    • (2003) Prog Palliat Care , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 126-133
    • Lam, P.T.1    Tse, C.Y.2    Lee, C.H.3
  • 36
    • 0037253511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric disorder in a palliative care unit
    • Durkin I, Kearney M, O'Siorain L. Psychiatric disorder in a palliative care unit. Palliat Med. 2003 ; 17 (2). 212-218
    • (2003) Palliat Med , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 212-218
    • Durkin, I.1    Kearney, M.2    O'Siorain, L.3
  • 37
    • 0029844780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric morbidity in terminally ill cancer patients: A prospective study
    • Minagawa H, Uchitomi Y, Yamawaki S, et al. Psychiatric morbidity in terminally ill cancer patients: a prospective study. Cancer. 1996 ; 78 (5). 1131-1137
    • (1996) Cancer , vol.78 , Issue.5 , pp. 1131-1137
    • Minagawa, H.1    Uchitomi, Y.2    Yamawaki, S.3
  • 38
    • 0034660652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility, factor analysis, and further validation of the memorial delirium assessment scale in patients with advanced cancer
    • Lawlor PG, Nekolaichuk C, Gagnon B, et al. Clinical utility, factor analysis, and further validation of the memorial delirium assessment scale in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer. 2000 ; 88 (12). 2859-2867
    • (2000) Cancer , vol.88 , Issue.12 , pp. 2859-2867
    • Lawlor, P.G.1    Nekolaichuk, C.2    Gagnon, B.3
  • 39
    • 0033923728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in terminal cancer: A prospective study using daily screening, early diagnosis, and continuous monitoring
    • Gagnon P, Allard P, Mâsse B, et al. Delirium in terminal cancer: a prospective study using daily screening, early diagnosis, and continuous monitoring. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2000 ; 19: 412-426
    • (2000) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.19 , pp. 412-426
    • Gagnon, P.1    Allard, P.2    Mâsse, B.3
  • 40
    • 0035459047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of delirium in advanced cancer: The use of the Bedside Confusion Scale
    • Sarhill N, Walsh D, Nelson KA, et al. Assessment of delirium in advanced cancer: the use of the Bedside Confusion Scale. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2001 ; 18 (5). 335-341
    • (2001) Am J Hosp Palliat Care , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 335-341
    • Sarhill, N.1    Walsh, D.2    Nelson, K.A.3
  • 41
    • 32444443524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoactive delirium: Assessing the extent of the problem for inpatient specialist palliative care
    • Spiller JA, Keen JC. Hypoactive delirium: assessing the extent of the problem for inpatient specialist palliative care. Palliat Med. 2006 ; 20 (1). 17-23
    • (2006) Palliat Med , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-23
    • Spiller, J.A.1    Keen, J.C.2
  • 43
    • 77954435284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium scales: A review of current evidence
    • Adamis D, Sharma N, Whelan P, et al. Delirium scales: a review of current evidence. Aging Ment Health. 2010 ; 14 (5). 543-555
    • (2010) Aging Ment Health , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 543-555
    • Adamis, D.1    Sharma, N.2    Whelan, P.3
  • 44
    • 0028914128 scopus 로고
    • A critique of instruments and methods to detect, diagnose, and rate delirium
    • Smith MJ, Breitbart WS, Platt MM. A critique of instruments and methods to detect, diagnose, and rate delirium. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1995 ; 10 (1). 35-77
    • (1995) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-77
    • Smith, M.J.1    Breitbart, W.S.2    Platt, M.M.3
  • 45
    • 0026281592 scopus 로고
    • Delirium/acute confusional states: Evaluation devices in nursing
    • Williams MA. Delirium/acute confusional states: evaluation devices in nursing. Int Psychogeriatr. 1991 ; 3 (02). 301-308
    • (1991) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 301-308
    • Williams, M.A.1
  • 46
    • 0034524061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Bedside Confusion Scale: Development of a portable bedside test for confusion and its application to the palliative medicine population
    • Stillman MJ, Rybicki LA. The Bedside Confusion Scale: development of a portable bedside test for confusion and its application to the palliative medicine population. J Palliat Med. 2000 ; 3 (4). 449-456
    • (2000) J Palliat Med , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 449-456
    • Stillman, M.J.1    Rybicki, L.A.2
  • 47
    • 0016823810 scopus 로고
    • "mini-Mental State." A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
    • Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-Mental State." A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 ; 12: 189-198
    • (1975) J Psychiatr Res , vol.12 , pp. 189-198
    • Folstein, M.F.1    Folstein, S.E.2    McHugh, P.R.3
  • 48
    • 0020627785 scopus 로고
    • Validation of a short orientation-memory-concentration test of congestive impairment
    • Katzman R, Brown T, Fuld P. Validation of a short orientation-memory- concentration test of congestive impairment. Am J Psychiatry. 1983 ; 140 (6). 734-739
    • (1983) Am J Psychiatry , vol.140 , Issue.6 , pp. 734-739
    • Katzman, R.1    Brown, T.2    Fuld, P.3
  • 49
    • 0025667229 scopus 로고
    • Clarifying confusion: The confusion assessment method. A new method for detection of delirium
    • Inouye SK, Van Dyck CH, Alessi CA, et al. Clarifying confusion: the confusion assessment method. A new method for detection of delirium. Ann Intern Med. 1990 ; 113 (12). 941-948
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , Issue.12 , pp. 941-948
    • Inouye, S.K.1    Van Dyck, Ch.2    Alessi, C.A.3
  • 52
    • 0034984728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98: Comparison with the Delirium Rating Scale and the Cognitive Test for Delirium
    • Trzepacz PTR, Kanary K, Norton J, et al. Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98: comparison with the Delirium Rating Scale and the Cognitive Test for Delirium. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2001 ; 13 (2). 229-242
    • (2001) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-242
    • Ptr, T.1    Kanary, K.2    Norton, J.3
  • 53
    • 0035121523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing delirium in cancer patients. The Italian versions of the Delirium Rating Scale and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale
    • Grassi L, Caraceni A, Beltrami E, et al. Assessing delirium in cancer patients. The Italian versions of the Delirium Rating Scale and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2001 ; 21 (1). 59-68
    • (2001) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-68
    • Grassi, L.1    Caraceni, A.2    Beltrami, E.3
  • 54
    • 58549092286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the confusion assessment method in the palliative care setting
    • Ryan K, Leonard M, Guerin S, et al. Validation of the confusion assessment method in the palliative care setting. Palliat Med. 2009 ; 23: 40-45
    • (2009) Palliat Med , vol.23 , pp. 40-45
    • Ryan, K.1    Leonard, M.2    Guerin, S.3
  • 56
    • 0035814368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in mechanically ventilated patients: Validity and reliability of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU)
    • Ely EW, Inouye SK, Bernard GR, et al. Delirium in mechanically ventilated patients: validity and reliability of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU). JAMA. 2001 ; 286 (21). 2703-2710
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , Issue.21 , pp. 2703-2710
    • Ely, E.W.1    Inouye, S.K.2    Bernard, G.R.3
  • 57
    • 0034948268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: Validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU)
    • Ely EW, Margolin R, Francis J, et al. Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Crit Care Med. 2001 ; 29 (7). 1370-1379
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.7 , pp. 1370-1379
    • Ely, E.W.1    Margolin, R.2    Francis, J.3
  • 58
    • 17444405583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of delirium in the intensive care unit: Comparison of confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit with confusion assessment method ratings
    • McNicoll L, Pisani MA, Ely EW, et al. Detection of delirium in the intensive care unit: comparison of confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit with confusion assessment method ratings. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 ; 53 (3). 495-500
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 495-500
    • McNicoll, L.1    Pisani, M.A.2    Ely, E.W.3
  • 59
    • 0035015825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: Incidence, risk factors and complications
    • Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, et al. Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2001 ; 16 (4). 349-355
    • (2001) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 349-355
    • Galanakis, P.1    Bickel, H.2    Gradinger, R.3
  • 60
    • 24744471140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence, clinical features and subtypes of delirium in elderly patients treated for hip fractures
    • Santana Santos F, Wahlund LO, Varli F, et al. Incidence, clinical features and subtypes of delirium in elderly patients treated for hip fractures. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2005 ; 20 (4). 231-237
    • (2005) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 231-237
    • Santana Santos, F.1    Wahlund, L.O.2    Varli, F.3
  • 61
    • 79960264593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and incidence of delirium in long-term care
    • McCusker J, Cole MG, Voyer P, et al. Prevalence and incidence of delirium in long-term care. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011 ; 26: 1152-1161
    • (2011) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.26 , pp. 1152-1161
    • McCusker, J.1    Cole, M.G.2    Voyer, P.3
  • 62
    • 85047689255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenomenological and neuropsychological profile across motor variants of delirium in a palliative-care unit
    • Leonard M, Donnelly S, Conroy M, et al. Phenomenological and neuropsychological profile across motor variants of delirium in a palliative-care unit. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 ; 23 (2). 180-188
    • (2011) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 180-188
    • Leonard, M.1    Donnelly, S.2    Conroy, M.3
  • 63
    • 83555166191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of motor subtypes in delirium: Relationship with other phenomenology, etiology, medication exposure and prognosis
    • Meagher DJ, Leonard M, Donnelly S, et al. A longitudinal study of motor subtypes in delirium: relationship with other phenomenology, etiology, medication exposure and prognosis. J Psychosom Res. 2011 ; 71 (6). 395-403
    • (2011) J Psychosom Res , vol.71 , Issue.6 , pp. 395-403
    • Meagher, D.J.1    Leonard, M.2    Donnelly, S.3
  • 64
    • 0034669456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors considered important at the end of life by patients, family, physicians, and other care providers
    • Steinhauser KE, Christakis NA, Clipp EC, et al. Factors considered important at the end of life by patients, family, physicians, and other care providers. JAMA. 2000 ; 284 (19). 2476-2482
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , Issue.19 , pp. 2476-2482
    • Steinhauser, K.E.1    Christakis, N.A.2    Clipp, E.C.3
  • 65
    • 0037367251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients
    • Cole MG, Dendukuri N, McCusker J, et al. An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2003 ; 15 (2). 200-207
    • (2003) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 200-207
    • Cole, M.G.1    Dendukuri, N.2    McCusker, J.3
  • 67
    • 84877948823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence
    • London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ; 2010 :
    • (2010)
  • 69
    • 70249103452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benzodiazepines for delirium
    • [serial on the Internet]
    • LonerganELuxenbergJAreosa SastreA. Benzodiazepines for delirium. Cochrane DB Syst Rev [serial on the Internet] 2009; Issue no. 4, http://www.mrw. interscience.wiley.com/cochrane/clsysrev/articles/CD006379/frame.html
    • (2009) Cochrane DB Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Lonergan, E.1    Luxenberg, J.2    Areosa Sastre, A.3
  • 70
    • 84878000196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization. WHO Definition of Palliative Care
    • World Health Organization. WHO Definition of Palliative Care. 2002; http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en/
    • (2002)
  • 71
    • 77952869073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Australian Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) - Measuring the quality and outcomes of palliative care on a routine basis
    • Eagar K. The Australian Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) - measuring the quality and outcomes of palliative care on a routine basis. Aust Health Rev. 2010 ; 34 (2). 186-192
    • (2010) Aust Health Rev , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 186-192
    • Eagar, K.1
  • 72
    • 84877997233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cicely Saunders Institute London (accessed 29 March 2012)
    • Cicely Saunders Institute. Palliative Care Outcome Scale. London. http://pos-pal.org/index.php (accessed 29 March 2012).
    • Palliative Care Outcome Scale
  • 73
    • 35649019787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and elaboration
    • Vandenbroucke JP, Von Elm E, Altman DG, et al. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2007 ; 4 (10). e297
    • (2007) PLoS Med , vol.4 , Issue.10 , pp. 297
    • Vandenbroucke, J.P.1    Von Elm, E.2    Altman, D.G.3
  • 74
    • 17444380037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of preventing delirium in hospitalized older adults on nursing home costs
    • Leslie DL, Zhang Y, Bogardus ST, et al. Consequences of preventing delirium in hospitalized older adults on nursing home costs. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 ; 53 (3). 405-409
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 405-409
    • Leslie, D.L.1    Zhang, Y.2    Bogardus, S.T.3
  • 75
    • 38349081525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year health care costs associated with delirium in the elderly population
    • Leslie DL, Marcantonio ER, Zhang Y, et al. One-year health care costs associated with delirium in the elderly population. Arch Intern Med. 2008 ; 168 (1). 27-32
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-32
    • Leslie, D.L.1    Marcantonio, E.R.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 76
    • 18044384993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Illness trajectories and palliative care
    • Murray SK, Kendall M, Boyd K, et al. Illness trajectories and palliative care. BMJ. 2005 ; 330: 1007-1011
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.330 , pp. 1007-1011
    • Murray, S.K.1    Kendall, M.2    Boyd, K.3
  • 78
    • 57149127541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily symptom burden in end-stage chronic organ failure: A systematic review
    • Janssen DJA, Spruit MA, Wouters EFM, et al. Daily symptom burden in end-stage chronic organ failure: a systematic review. Palliat Med. 2008 ; 22 (8). 938-948
    • (2008) Palliat Med , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 938-948
    • Janssen, D.J.A.1    Spruit, M.A.2    Wouters, E.F.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.