Warming-induced upslope advance of subalpine forest is severely limited by geomorphic processes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 110, Issue 20, 2013, Pages 8117-8122

  Macias Fauria, Marc ^a   Johnson, Edward A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biogeoscience; Climate change; Forest ecology; Niche modeling; Remote sensing

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLIMATE CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE; FOREST; GEOMORPHOLOGY; LANDSCAPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUMMER; TREE GROWTH; WARMING;

BIOGEOSCIENCE; CLIMATE CHANGE; FOREST ECOLOGY; NICHE MODELING; REMOTE SENSING;

CANADA; CLIMATE; CLIMATE CHANGE; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; GEOGRAPHY; GEOLOGY; MODELS, THEORETICAL; SEASONS; TEMPERATURE; TREES;

EID: 84877842570     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221278110     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Parmesan C, Yohe G (2003) A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature 421(6918):37-42. (Pubitemid 36077078)
2. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK).
3. Illerbrun K, Roland J (2011) Treeline proximity alters an alpine plant-herbivore interaction. Oecologia 166(1):151-159.
4. Walther G-R (2003) Plants in a warmer world. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst 6(3):169-185. (Pubitemid 38329467)
5. HarschMA, HulmePE,McGlone MS, Duncan RP (2009) Are treelines advancing?A global meta-analysis of treeline response to climate warming. Ecol Lett 12(10):1040-1049.
6. Körner C (1998) A re-assessment of high elevation treeline positions and their explanation. Oecologia 115(4):445-459. (Pubitemid 28358477)
7. Pecher C, Tasser E, Tappeiner U (2011) Definition of the potential treeline in the European Alps and its benefit for sustainability monitoring. Ecol Indic 11(2): 438-447.
8. Körner C, Riedl S (2012) Alpine Treelines (Springer, Basel), 228 pp.
9. Körner C, Paulsen J (2004) A world-wide study of high altitude treeline temperatures. J Biogeogr 31(5):713-732. (Pubitemid 38549856)
10. Hoch G, Körner C (2009) Growth and carbon relations of tree line forming conifers at constant vs. variable low temperatures. J Ecol 97(1):57-66.
11. Wiegand T, Camarero JJ, Ruger N, Gutiérrez E (2006) Abrupt population changes in treeline ecotones along smooth gradients. J Ecol 94(4):880-892.
12. Batllori E, Camarero JJ, Ninot JM, Gutiérrez E (2009) Seedling recruitment, survival and facilitation in alpine Pinus uncinata tree line ecotones. Implications and potential responses to climate warming. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 18(4):460-472.
13. Holtmeier FK, Broll G (2005) Sensitivity and response of northern hemisphere altitudinal and polar treelines to environmental change at landscape and local scales. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 14(5):395-410. (Pubitemid 41702197)
14. Butler DR, Malanson GP, Walsh SJ, Fagre DB (2007) Influences of geomorphology and geology on alpine treeline in the American west-more important than climatic influences? Physical Geography 28(5):434-450. (Pubitemid 351523154)
15. Leonelli G, Pelflni M, UM diCella, Garavaglia V (2011) Climate warming and the recent treeline shift in the European Alps: The role of geomorphological factors in highaltitude sites. AMBIO 40(3):264-273.
16. Virtanen R, et al. (2010) Recent vegetation changes at the high-latitude tree line ecotone are controlled by geomorphological disturbance, productivity and diversity. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 19(6):810-821.
17. Briles CE, Whitlock C, Skinner CN, Mohr J (2011) Holocene forest development and maintenance on different substrates in the Klamath Mountains, northern California, USA. Ecology 92(3):590-601.
18. Malanson GP, Bengtson LE, Fagre DB (2012) Geomorphic determinants of species composition of Alpine tundra, GlacierNational Park,U.S.A. ArctAntarctAlpRes 44(2):197-209.
19. Malanson GP, et al. (2011) Mountain treelines: A roadmap for research orientation. Arct Antarct Alp Res 43(2):167-177.
20. Nakicenovic N, et al.; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2000) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, eds Nakicenovic N, Swart R (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge UK), pp. 239-292.
21. Pauli H, Gottfried M, Reiter K, Klettner C, Grabherr G (2007) Signals of range expansions and contractions of vascular plants in the high Alps: Observations (1994-2004) at the GLORIA* master site Schrankogel, Tyrol, Austria. Glob Change Biol 13(1):147-156. (Pubitemid 46092189)
22. Anderson RS, Anderson SP (2010) Geomorphology: The Mechanics and Chemistry of Landscapes (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK).
23. Raffa KF, Powell EN, Townsend PA (2013) Temperature-driven range expansion of an irruptive insect heightened by weakly coevolved plant defenses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110(6):2193-2198.
24. Breiman L (2001) Random forests. Mach Learn 45(1):5-32. (Pubitemid 32933532)
25. Mearns LO, et al. (2009) A regional climate change assessment program for North America. Eos Trans AGU 90(36):311-312.
26. Thuiller W, Lafourcade B, Engler R, Araújo MB (2009) BIOMOD-A platform for ensemble forecasting of species distributions. Ecography 32(3):369-373.