Migraine, stroke and epilepsy: Underlying and interrelated causes, diagnosis and treatment

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 322-334

  Rodriguez Sainz, Aida ^a   Pinedo Brochado, Ana ^a   Sánchez Menoyo, Jose L ^a   Ruiz Ojeda, Javier ^a   Escalza Cortina, Ines ^a   Garcia Monco, Juan Carlos ^a  

^a HOSPITAL DE GALDAKAO   (Spain)

Author keywords

Epilepsy; Migraine; Seizures; Stroke; Vascular epilepsy

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; CLONAZEPAM; DIPYRIDAMOLE; ERGOT ALKALOID; ETIRACETAM; GABAPENTIN; LAMOTRIGINE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; OXCARBAZEPINE; PHENYTOIN; PREGABALIN; TOPIRAMATE; TRIPTAN DERIVATIVE; VALPROIC ACID; VIGABATRIN; ZONISAMIDE;

ARTICLE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; COMORBIDITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EPILEPSY; EPILEPTIC STATE; FAMILIAL HEMIPLEGIC HEADACHE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC RISK; HEADACHE; HEMICRANIA EPILEPTICA; HUMAN; MIGRAINE; MIGRAINE WITH AURA; MIGRALEPSY; PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POSTICTAL HEADACHE; PROGNOSIS; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SEIZURE; SMOKING CESSATION; SPREADING CORTICAL DEPRESSION; STROKE RELATED SEIZURE; TRAUMATIC EPILEPSY; VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION; VASCULAR EPILEPSY; VASCULAR RELATED SEIZURE;

EID: 84877736737     PISSN: 10928464     EISSN: 15343189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11936-013-0236-7     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Parisi P, Striano P, Negro A, et al. Ictal epileptic headache: an old story with courses and appeals. J Headache Pain. 2012;13(8):607-13.
2. Belcastro V, Striano P, Parisi P. From migralepsy to ictal epileptic headache: the story so far. Neurol Sci. 2012.
3. Papetti L, Nicita F, Parisi P, et al. «Headache and epilepsy» - How are they connected? Epilepsy Behav. 2012. Reviews the relationship between migraine and epilepsy: epidemiology and pathophysiology, clinical correlations and classification.
4. Kurth T, Diener HC. Migraine and stroke: perspectives for stroke physicians. Stroke. 2012;43(12):3421-6. A review of the epidemiologycal evidence linking migraine and stroke and practical consequences.
5. Spector JT, Kahn SR, Jones MR, et al. Migraine headache and ischemic stroke risk: an updated meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2010;123(7):612-24.
6. Stewart WF, Shechter A, Rasmussen BK. Migraine prevalence. A review of population-based studies. Neurology. 1994;44(6 Suppl 4):S17-23.
7. Tonini MC, Giordano L, Atzeni L, et al. Primary headache and epilepsy: a multicenter cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav. 2012;23(3):342-7.
8. Larrosa-Campo D, Ramon-Carbajo C, Para-Prieto M, et al. [Migraine as a vascular risk factor]. Rev Neurol. 2012;55(6):349-58.
9. Kurth T, Chabriat H, Bousser MG. Migraine and stroke: a complex association with clinical implications. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(1):92-100.This article explains current hypotheses on the common pathophysiology between migraine and stroke and its clinical implications.
10. Sarchielli P, Alberti A, Coppola F, et al. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) in internal jugular venous blood of migraine without aura patients assessed during migraine attacks. Cephalalgia. 2004;24(8):623-30.
11. Kitano A, Shimomura T, Takeshima T, Takahashi K. Increased 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 in migraine: platelet hyperfunction in patients with migraine during headache-free period. Headache. 1994;34(9):515-8.
12. Htun P, Fateh-Moghadam S, Tomandl B, et al. Course of platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte interaction in cerebrovascular ischemia. Stroke. 2006;37(9):2283-7.
13. Jesurum JT, Fuller CJ, Murinova N, et al. Aspirin's effect on platelet inhibition in migraineurs. Headache. 2012;52(8):1207-18.
14. Post MC, Thijs V, Herroelen L, Budts WI. Closure of a patent foramen ovale is associated with a decrease in prevalence of migraine. Neurology. 2004;62(8):1439-40.
15. Morandi E, Anzola GP, Angeli S, et al. Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale: a new migraine treatment? J Interv Cardiol. 2003;16(1):39-42.
16. Wilmshurst PT, Nightingale S, Walsh KP, Morrison WL. Effect on migraine of closure of cardiac right-to-left shunts to prevent recurrence of decompression illness or stroke or for haemodynamic reasons. Lancet. 2000;356(9242):1648-51.
17. Schwerzmann M, Wiher S, Nedeltchev K, et al. Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale reduces the frequency of migraine attacks. Neurology. 2004;62(8):1399-401.
18. Dowson A, Mullen MJ, Peatfield R, et al. Migraine Intervention with STARFlex Technology (MIST) trial: a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, sham-controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of patent foramen ovale closure with STARFlex septal repair implant to resolve refractory migraine headache. Circulation. 2008;117(11):1397-404.
19. Swartz RH, Kern RZ. Migraine is associated with magnetic resonance imaging white matter abnormalities: a meta-analysis. Arch Neurol. 2004;61(9):1366-8.
20. Laurell K, Lundstrom E. Migrainous infarction: aspects on risk factors and therapy. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2012;16(3):255-60.
21. Metso TM, Tatlisumak T, Debette S, et al. Migraine in cervical artery dissection and ischemic stroke patients. Neurology. 2012;78(16):1221-8.
22. Sacco S, Ricci S, Carolei A. Migraine and vascular diseases: a review of the evidence and potential implications for management. Cephalalgia. 2012;32(10):785-95.
23. Schwedt TJ. The migraine association with cardiac anomalies, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. Neurol Clin. 2009;27(2):513-23.
24. Ryan DP, Ptacek LJ. Episodic neurological channelopathies. Neuron. 2010;68(2):282-92.
25. Rogawski M. Migraine and epilepsy - shared mechanisms within the family of episodic disorders. In: Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, et al., editors. Jasper's basic mechanisms of the epilepsies [Internet]. 4th ed. Bethesda: National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2012. p. 1-17.
26. Lipton RB, Bigal ME, Diamond M, et al. Migraine prevalence, disease burden, and the need for preventive therapy. Neurology. 2007;68(5):343-9.
27. Toldo I, Perissinotto E, Menegazzo F, et al. Comorbidity between headache and epilepsy in a pediatric headache center. J Headache Pain. 2010;11(3):235-40.
28. Silberstein SD, Lipton R, Haut S. Migraine. In: Engel JJ, Pedley TA, editors. Epilepsy: A comprehensive Textbook 2. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008. p. 2733-43.
29. Society HCCotIH. The international classification of headache disorders: 2nd edition. Cephalalgia 2004;24(Suppl. 1):9-160.
30. Sances G, Guaschino E, Perucca P, et al. Migralepsy: a call for a revision of the definition. Epilepsia. 2009;50(11):2487-96.
31. Verrotti A, Coppola G, Di Fonzo A, et al. Should «migralepsy» be considered an obsolete concept? A multicenter retrospective clinical/EEG study and review of the literature. Epilepsy Behav. 2011;21(1):52-9.
32. Panayiotopoulos CP. Visual phenomena and headache in occipital epilepsy: a review, a systematic study and differentiation from migraine. Epileptic Disord. 1999;1(4):205-16.
33. Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite D, Parisi P. Migraine in the borderland of epilepsy: «migralepsy» an overlapping syndrome of children and adults? Epilepsia. 2012;53 Suppl 7:20-5.
34. Parisi P, Striano P, Trenite DG, et al. 'Ictal epileptic headache': recent concepts for new classifications criteria. Cephalalgia. 2012;32(9):723-4.
35. Belcastro V, Striano P, Pierguidi L, et al. Ictal epileptic headache mimicking status migrainosus: EEG and DWI-MRI findings. Headache. 2011;51(1):160-2.
36. Parisi P. Why is migraine rarely, and not usually, the sole ictal epileptic manifestation? Seizure. 2009;18(5):309-12.
37. Belcastro V, Striano P, Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite DG, et al. Migralepsy, hemicrania epileptica, post-ictal headache and «ictal epileptic headache»: a proposal for terminology and classification revision. J Headache Pain. 2011;12(3):289-94.
38. Fanella M, Fattouch J, Casciato S, et al. Ictal epileptic headache as «subtle» symptom in generalized idiopathic epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2012;53(4):e67-70.
39. Group HS. Multi-center study on migraine and seizure-related headache in patients with epilepsy. Yonsei Med J. 2010;51(2):219-24.
40. Bianchin MM, Londero RG, Lima JE, Bigal ME. Migraine and epilepsy: a focus on overlapping clinical, pathophysiological, molecular, and therapeutic aspects. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2010;14(4):276-83.
41. Verrotti A, Coppola G, Spalice A, et al. Peri-ictal and inter-ictal headache in children and adolescents with idiopathic epilepsy: a multicenter cross-sectional study. Childs Nerv Syst. 2011;27(9):1419-23.
42. Ito M, Adachi N, Nakamura F, et al. Characteristics of postictal headache in patients with partial epilepsy. Cephalalgia. 2004;24(1):23-8.
43. Velioglu SK, Boz C, Ozmenoglu M. The impact of migraine on epilepsy: a prospective prognosis study. Cephalalgia. 2005;25(7):528-35.
44. Verrotti A, Striano P, Belcastro V, et al. Migralepsy and related conditions: advances in pathophysiology and classification. Seizure. 2011;20(4):271-5.
45. Parisi P, Piccioli M, Villa MP, et al. Hypothesis on neurophysiopathological mechanisms linking epilepsy and headache. Med Hypotheses. 2008;70(6):1150-4.
46. Berger M, Speckmann EJ, Pape HC, Gorji A. Spreading depression enhances human neocortical excitability in vitro. Cephalalgia. 2008;28(5):558-62.
47. Rogawski MA. Antiepileptic drugs and migraine. In: Olesen J RN, editor. Innovative drug development for headache disorders (Frontiers in headache research volume 16): Oxford University Press; 2008. p. 153-78.
48. D'Amico D. Pharmacological prophylaxis of chronic migraine: a review of double-blind placebo-controlled trials. Neurol Sci. 2010;31 Suppl 1:S23-8.
49. Welch KM. Brain hyperexcitability: the basis for antiepileptic drugs in migraine prevention. Headache. 2005;45 Suppl 1:S25-32.
50. Eijkelkamp N, Linley JE, Baker MD, et al. Neurological perspectives on voltage-gated sodium channels. Brain. 2012;135(Pt 9):2585-612.
51. Lenaerts ME, Oommen KJ, Couch JR, Skaggs V. Can vagus nerve stimulation help migraine? Cephalalgia. 2008;28(4):392-5.
52. Basic S, Sporis D, Chudy D, et al. The effect of vagus nerve stimulation on migraine in patient with intractable epilepsy: case report. Neurol Sci. 2012.
53. Schurks M. Genetics of migraine in the age of genome-wide association studies. J Headache Pain. 2012;13(1):1-9.
54. Polvi A, Siren A, Kallela M, et al. Shared loci for migraine and epilepsy on chromosomes 14q12-q23 and 12q24.2-q24.3. Neurology. 2012;78(3):202-9.
55. Lebas A G-ME, Guyant-Maréchal L. Epilepsy and familial hemiplegic migraine. Genetic and clinical aspects. In: Parain D GR, Hesdorffer D, Ryvlin P, editor. Epilepsy and migraine: John Libby Eurotext; 2009.
56. Vikelis M, Rapoport AM. Role of antiepileptic drugs as preventive agents for migraine. CNS Drugs. 2010;24(1):21-33.
57. Pelzer N, Stam AH, Haan J, et al. Familial and sporadic hemiplegic migraine: diagnosis and treatment. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2012.
58. Ramsay RE, Rowan AJ, Pryor FM. Special considerations in treating the elderly patient with epilepsy. Neurology. 2004;62(5 Suppl 2):S24-9.
59. Hesdorffer DC, Logroscino G, Benn EK, et al. Estimating risk for developing epilepsy: a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota. Neurology. 2011;76(1):23-7.
60. So EL, Annegers JF, Hauser WA, et al. Population-based study of seizure disorders after cerebral infarction. Neurology. 1996;46(2):350-5.
61. Ribacoba-Montero R, Pujols-Castillo Y, Vallina-Garcia MI, et al. [Clinical epidemiological study of vascular epilepsy]. Rev Neurol. 2007;45(12):719-24.
62. Benbir G, Ince B, Bozluolcay M. The epidemiology of post-stroke epilepsy according to stroke subtypes. Acta Neurol Scand. 2006;114(1):8-12.
63. De Reuck J, Goethals M, Vonck K, Van Maele G. Clinical predictors of late-onset seizures and epilepsy in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Eur Neurol. 2005;54(2):68-72.
64. Lossius MI, Ronning OM, Slapo GD, et al. Poststroke epilepsy: occurrence and predictors-a long-term prospective controlled study (Akershus Stroke Study). Epilepsia. 2005;46(8):1246-51.
65. Lamy C, Domigo V, Semah F, et al. Early and late seizures after cryptogenic ischemic stroke in young adults. Neurology. 2003;60(3):400-4.
66. De Reuck J, De Groote L, Van Maele G. Single seizure and epilepsy in patients with a cerebral territorial infarct. J Neurol Sci. 2008;271(1-2):127- 30.
67. Procaccianti G, Zaniboni A, Rondelli F, et al. Seizures in acute stroke: incidence, risk factors and prognosis. Neuroepidemiology. 2012;39(1):45-50.
68. Jung S, Schindler K, Findling O, et al. Adverse effect of early epileptic seizures in patients receiving endovascular therapy for acute stroke. Stroke. 2012;43(6):1584-90.
69. De Reuck J, De Clerck M, Van Maele G. Vascular cognitive impairment in patients with late-onset seizures after an ischemic stroke. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006;108(7):632-7.
70. Naidech AM, Kreiter KT, Janjua N, et al. Phenytoin exposure is associated with functional and cognitive disability after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke. 2005;36(3):583-7.
71. Cleary P, Shorvon S, Tallis R. Late-onset seizures as a predictor of subsequent stroke. Lancet. 2004;363(9416):1184-6.
72. Velioglu SK, Ozmenoglu M, Boz C, Alioglu Z. Status epilepticus after stroke. Stroke. 2001;32(5):1169-72.
73. Ryvlin P, Montavont A, Nighoghossian N. Optimizing therapy of seizures in stroke patients. Neurology. 2006;67(12 Suppl 4):S3-9.Details the reasoning for choosing a particular antiepileptic drug according to the levels of evidence of the literature.
74. Gilad R. Management of seizures following a stroke: what are the options? Drugs Aging. 2012;29(7):533-8.
75. Menon B, Shorvon SD. Ischaemic stroke in adults and epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 2009;87(1):1-11.
76. Arain AM, Abou-Khalil BW. Management of new-onset epilepsy in the elderly. Nat Rev Neurol. 2009;5(7):363-71.
77. Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy: a randomized study of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005;64(11):1868-73.
78. Saetre E, Perucca E, Isojarvi J, et al. An international multicenter randomized double-blind controlled trial of lamotrigine and sustained-release carbamazepine in the treatment of newly diagnosed epilepsy in the elderly. Epilepsia. 2007;48(7):1292-302.