Racial disparities in ordering laboratory and radiology tests for pediatric patients in the emergency department

Pediatric Emergency Care

Volumn 29, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 598-606

  Payne, Nathaniel R ^a   Puumala, Susan E ^b  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITALS AND CLINICS OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b SANFORD RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Health care disparities; Laboratory and radiology tests; Racial disparities

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AMERICAN INDIAN; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; CHILD; CLINICAL EVALUATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; FEVER; HEAD INJURY; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INFANT; LABORATORY TEST; LANGUAGE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RACE DIFFERENCE; RADIOLOGICAL PROCEDURES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCHOOL CHILD; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; URBAN AREA;

ADOLESCENT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLINICAL LABORATORY TECHNIQUES; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; CROWDING; DIAGNOSIS-RELATED GROUPS; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; EMIGRANTS AND IMMIGRANTS; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HOSPITALS, URBAN; HUMANS; INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN; INFANT; MINNESOTA; PATIENT DISCHARGE; RACISM; RADIOGRAPHY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TRIAGE;

EID: 84877735053     PISSN: 07495161     EISSN: 15351815     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31828e6489     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Quazi S, Eberhart M, Jacoby J, et al. Are racial disparities in ED analgesia improving? Evidence from a national database. Am J Emerg Med. 2008;26:462Y464.
2. Park CY, Lee MA, Epstein AJ. Variation in emergency department wait times for children by race/ethnicity and payment source. Health Serv Res. 2009;44:2022Y2039.
3. Pham JC, Ho GK, Hill PM, et al. National study of patient, visit, and hospital characteristics associated with leaving an emergency department without being seen: Predicting LWBS. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16:949Y950.
4. Gaucher N, Benoit B, Gravel J. Who are the children leaving the emergency department without being seen by a physician? Acad Emerg Med. 2011;18:152Y157.
5. James CA, Bourgeois FT, Shannon MW. Association of race/ethnicity with emergency department wait times. Pediatrics. 2005;115: E310Ye315.
6. Mills AM, Shofer FS, Boulis AK, et al. Racial disparity in analgesic treatment for ED patients with abdominal or back pain. Am J Emerg Med. 2011;29:752Y756.
7. Bourgeois FT, Shannon MW, Stack AM. ''Left without being seen'': A national profile of children who leave the emergency department before evaluation. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:599Y605.
8. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. National Healthcare Disparities Report. Washington, DC:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2010.
9. Nelson AR. Unequal treatment: Report of the Institute of Medicine on racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;76: S1377YS1381.
10. Truman BI, Smith CK, Roy K, et al. Rationale for regular reporting on health disparities and inequalitiesVUnited States Center for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR. 2011;60:(suppl 1):S3YS10.
11. Goodacre S, Webster A. Who waits longest in the emergency department and who leaves without being seen? Emerg Med J. 2005;22:93Y96.
12. Goldman RD, Macpherson A, Schuh S, et al. Patients who leave the pediatric emergency department without being seen: A case-control study. CMAJ. 2005;172:39Y43
13. Harrison B, Finkelstein MS, Puumala S, et al. The complex association of race and leaving pediatric emergency department without being seen. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012;28:1136Y1345.
14. Paul P, Heng BH, Seow E, et al. Predictors of frequent attenders of emergency department at an acute general hospital in Singapore. Emerg Med J. 2010;27:843Y848.
15. Dunning J, Daly JP, Lomas JP, et al. Derivation of the children's head injury algorithm for the prediction of important clinical events decision rule for head injury in children. Arch Dis Child. 2006;91:885Y891.
16. O'Neill KA, Molczan K. Pediatric triage: A 2-tier, 5-level system in the United States. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2003;19:285Y290.
17. Hoffman JP. Generalized Linear Models, A Practical Approach. New York, NY: Pearson Education, Inc; 2004:13.
18. Lorch SA, Silber JH, Even-Shoshan O, et al. Use of prolonged travel to improve pediatric risk-adjustment models. Health Serv Res. 2009;44: 519Y541.
19. Brown R, Furyk J. Racial disparities in health careVemergency department management of minor head injury. Int J Emerg Med. 2009;2:161Y166.
20. Pines JM, Russell Localio A, Holland JE. Racial disparities in emergency department length of stay for admitted patients in the United States. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16:403Y410.
21. Cone DC, Richardson LD, Todd KH, et al. Health care disparities in emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:1176Y1183.
22. Bernstein SL, Aronsky D, Duseja R, et al. The Effect of Emergency Department Crowding on Clinically Oriented Outcomes. IOM. Emergency Care for Children: Growing Pains. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine of the National Academies; 2006.
23. Hwang U, Weber EJ, Richardson LD, et al. A research agenda to assure equity during periods of emergency department crowding. Acad Emerg Med. 2011;18:1318Y1323.
24. Chisholm C, Heyborne R, Short T, et al. Reflections about ''burn-out''. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16:567Y571.
25. Kusin S. Get out of my emergency room: Thirty years spent inside the house of God. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16:565Y566.
26. Hong R, Baumann BM, Boudreaux ED. The emergency department for routine healthcare: Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and perceptual factors. J Emerg Med. 2007;32:149Y158.
27. Williams A, O'Rourke P, Keogh S. Making choices: Why parents present to the emergency department for non-urgent care. Arch Dis Child. 2009;94:817Y820.
28. Christakis DA, Mell L, Koepsell TD, et al. Association of lower continuity of care with greater risk of emergency department use and hospitalization in children. Pediatrics. 2001;107:524Y529.
29. Lopez L, Wilper AP, Cervantes MC, et al. Racial and sex differences in emergency department triage assessment and test ordering for chest pain, 1997Y2006. Acad Emerg Med. 2010;17:801Y808.
30. Owen WF, Szczech LA, Frankenfield DL. Healthcare system interventions for inequality in quality: Corrective action through evidence-based medicine. J Natl Med Assoc. 2002;94(suppl):83SY91S.
31. Koh HK, Graham G, Giled SA. Reducing racial and ethnic disparities: The action plan from the Department of Health and Human Services. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011;30:1822Y1829.
32. Shone LP, Dick AW, Klein JD, et al. Reduction in racial and ethnic disparities after enrollment in the State Children's Health Insurance Program. Pediatrics. 2005;115:e697Ye705.