Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

Volumn 79, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 310-321

  Madnani, Nina ^a   Khan, Kaleem ^a   Chauhan, Phulrenu ^a   Parmar, Girish ^a  

^a P D HINDUJA NATIONAL HOSPITAL   (India)

Author keywords

Hyperandrogenemia; hyperandrogenism; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; polycystic ovary

Indexed keywords

ANASTROZOLE; BIGUANIDE; CLOMIFENE; CLOMIFENE CITRATE; CYPROTERONE ACETATE; FINASTERIDE; FLUTAMIDE; GESTAGEN; INSULIN; LETROZOLE; METFORMIN; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE INHIBITOR; PIOGLITAZONE; ROSIGLITAZONE; SPIRONOLACTONE;

ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; ACNE VULGARIS; ALOPECIA; ANDROGEN SYNTHESIS; ANOREXIA; ANOVULATION; BLOATING; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CYANOCOBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; DIARRHEA; FEMALE INFERTILITY; FLATULENCE; HIRSUTISM; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIVER TOXICITY; LONG TERM CARE; NAUSEA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OLIGOMENORRHEA; OVARY POLYCYSTIC DISEASE; PATHOGENESIS; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SELF CONCEPT; STEROIDOGENESIS; VOMITING;

ALOPECIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERANDROGENISM; INSULIN RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME;

EID: 84877109078     PISSN: 03786323     EISSN: 09733922     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.110759     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Stein IF, Leventhal ML. Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1935;29:181-91
2. Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:2745-9
3. Nidhi R, Padmalatha V, Nagarathna R, Amritanshu R. Prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in Indian adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2011;24:223-7
4. Legro RS, Kunselman AR, Dodson WC, Dunaif A. Prevalence and predictors of risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in polycystic ovary syndrome: A prospective, controlled study in 254 affected women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:165-9
5. Fearnley EJ, Marquart L, Spurdle AB, Weinstein P, Webb PM. Australian ovarian cancer study group and australian national endometrial cancer study group. Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of endometrial cancer in women aged less than 50 years: An Australian case-control study. Cancer Causes Control 2010;21:2303-8
6. Adashi EY. The climacteric ovary as a functional gonadotropin-driven androgen-producing gland. Fertil Steril 1994;62:20-7
7. Dunaif A. Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome mechanism and implications for pathogenesis. Endocr Rev 1997;18:774-800
8. Tsilchorozidou T, Overton C, Conway GS. The pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2004;60:1-17
9. Dunaif A, Segal KR, Futterweit W, Dobrjansky A. Profound peripheral insulin resistance, independent of obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes 1989;38:1165-74
10. Cara JF, Rosenfield RL. Insulin-like growth factor I and insulin potentiate luteinizing hormone-induced androgen synthesis by rat ovarian thecal-interstitial cells. Endocrinology 1988;123:733-9
11. Shi D, Vine DF. Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: A focused review of rodent models in relationship to clinical phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk. Fertil Steril 2012;98:185-93
12. Xita N, Tsatsoulis A. Review: Fetal programming of polycystic ovary syndrome by androgen excess: Evidence from experimental, clinical and genetic association studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:1660-6
13. Legro RS, Kunselman AR, Demers L, Wang SC, Bentley-Lewis R, Dunaif A. Elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels as the reproductive phenotype in the brothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:2134
14. Leibel NI, Baumann EA, Kocherginsky M, Rosenfield RL. Relationship of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome to parental metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:1275-83
15. Archer JS, Chang RJ. Hirsutism and acne in polycystic ovary syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2004;18:737-54
16. Azziz R. The evaluation and management of hirsutism. Obstet Gynecol 2003;101:995-1007
17. Morin-Papunen LC, Vauhkonen I, Koivunen RM, Ruokonen A, Martikainen HK, Tapanainen JS. Endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin versus ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:3161-8
18. Olsen EA. Female pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45:70-80
19. Park JC, Lim SY, Jang TK, Bae JG, Kim JI, Rhee JH. Endometrial histology and predictable clinical factors for endometrial disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2011;38:42-6
20. Dokras A, Clifton S, Futterweit W, Wild R. Quality of Life Issues and PCOS. Fertil Steril 2012;97:225-30
21. Escobar-Morreale HF, Sanchon R, San Millan JL. A prospective study of the prevalence of nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia among women presenting with hyperandrogenic symptoms and signs. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:527-33
22. Mandrelle K, Kamath MS, Bondu DJ, Chandy A, Aleyamma T, George K. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovarysyndrome attending an infertility clinic in a tertiary care hospital in south India. J Hum Reprod Sci 2012;5:26-31
23. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002;346:393-403
24. Lord JM, Flight IH, Norman RJ. Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003;327:951-3
25. Kumar P, Khan K. Effects of metformin use in pregnant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci 2012;5:166-9
26. Kumthekar AA, Gidwani HV, Kumthekar AB. Metformin associated B12 deficiency. J Assoc Physicians India 2012;60:58-60
27. Bell DS. Metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as a peripheral neuropathy. South Med J 2010;103:265-7
28. Miralles-Linares F, Puerta-Fernandez S, Bernal-Lopez MR, Tinahones FJ, Andrade RJ, Gomez-Huelgas R. Metformin-induced hepatotoxicity. Diabetes Care 2012;35:e21
29. Azziz R, Ehrmann D, Legro RS, Whitcomb RW, Hanley R, Fereshetian AG, et al. Troglitazone improves ovulation and hirsutism in the polycystic ovary syndrome: A multicenter, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1626-32
30. Baillargeon JP, Jakubowicz DJ, Iuorno MJ, Jakubowicz S, Nestler JE. Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone and in combination, in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity. Fertil Steril 2004;82:893-902
31. Vessey MP, Painter R. Endometrial and ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives-findings in a large cohort study. Br J Cancer 1995;71:1340-2
32. Schlesselman JJ. Risk of endometrial cancer in relation to use of combined oral contraceptives. A practitioner's guide to meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 1997;2:1851-63
33. Costello MF, Shrestha B, Eden J, Johnson NP, Sjoblom P. Metformin versus oral contraceptive pill in polycystic ovary syndrome: A Cochrane review. Hum Reprod 2007;22:1200-9
34. Anttila L, Koskinen P, Erkkola R, Irjala K, Ruutiainen K. Serum testosterone, androstenedione and luteinizing hormone levels after short-term medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1994;73:634-6
35. Swiglo BA, Cosma M, Flynn DN, Kurtz DM, Labella ML, Mullan RJ, et al. Antiandrogens for the treatment of hirsutism: A systematic review and metaanalyses of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:1153-60
36. Helfer EL, Miller JL, Rose LI. Side-effects of spironolactone therapy in the hirsute woman. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988;66:208-11
37. Palep-Singh M, Mook K, Barth J, Balen A. An observational study of Yasmin in the management of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care 2004;30:163-5
38. Gambineri A, Patton L, Vaccina A, Cacciari M, Morselli-Labate AM, Cavazza C, et al. Treatment with flutamide, metformin, and their combination added to a hypocaloric diet in overweight-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, 12-month, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:3970-80
39. Wolf JE Jr, Shander D, Huber F, Jackson J, Lin CS, Mathes BM, et al. Randomized, double-blind clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of topical eflornithine HCl 13.9% cream in the treatment of women with facial hair. Int J Dermatol 2007;46:94-8
40. Thessaloniki ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2008;89:505-22
41. Asch RH, Greenblatt RB. Update on the safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate as a therapeutic agent. J Reprod Med 1976;17:175-80
42. Christin-Maitre S, Hugues JN. A comparative randomized multicentric study comparing the step-up versus step-down protocol in polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 2003;18:1626-31
43. Farquhar C, Brown J, Marjoribanks J. Laparoscopic drilling by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;6:CD001122
44. Lemieux S, Lewis GF, Ben-Chetrit A, Steiner G, Greenblatt EM. Correction of hyperandrogenemia by laparoscopic ovarian cautery in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome is not accompanied by improved insulin sensitivity or lipid-lipoprotein levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:4278-82
45. Gysler M, March CM, Mishell DR Jr, Bailey EJ. A decades experience with an individualized clomiphene treatment regimen including its effect on the postcoital test. Fertil Steril 1982;37:161-7
46. Ghazeeri G, Kutteh WH, Bryer-Ash M, Haas D, Ke RW. Effect of rosiglitazone on spontaneous and clomiphene citrate-induced ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2003;79:562-6
47. Rouzi AA, Ardawi MS. A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of rosiglitazone and clomiphene citrate versus metformin and clomiphene citrate in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2006;85:428-35
48. Sathyapalan T, Kilpatrick ES, Coady AM, Atkin SL. The effect of atorvastatin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:103-8