Can the Neural Basis of Repression Be Studied in the MRI Scanner? New Insights from Two Free Association Paradigms

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2013, Pages

  Schmeing, Jo Birger ^a   Kehyayan, Aram ^a   Kessler, Henrik ^a,c   Do Lam, Anne T A ^a   Fell, Juergen ^a   Schmidt, Anna Christine ^b   Axmacher, Nikolai ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^b GERMAN CENTER FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES DZNE   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ULM   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; BOLD SIGNAL; BRAIN REGION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEFENSE MECHANISM; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING; HUMAN; MALE; MEMORY DISORDER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PARAHIPPOCAMPAL GYRUS; RESPONSE TIME; SKIN CONDUCTANCE; VERBAL MEMORY; ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; BRAIN; CONFLICT; PHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES; PSYCHOANALYSIS; REACTION TIME; YOUNG ADULT;

SUGARCANE RAMU STUNT DISEASE PHYTOPLASMA;

ADULT; BRAIN; CONFLICT (PSYCHOLOGY); FEMALE; FREE ASSOCIATION; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; REACTION TIME; REPRESSION, PSYCHOLOGY; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84876966368     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062358     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Freud S (1915) Repression. In: Strachey J, Freud A, Strachey A, Tyson A, editors. The Standard Edition of the Complete Works of Sigmund Freud. London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychoanalysis. vol 14, 143-158.
2. Person ES, Cooper AM, Gabbard GO, editors (2005) The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychoanalysis. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
3. Wöller W, Kruse J (2010) Tiefenpsychologisch fundierte Psychotherapie, Basisbuch und Praxisleitfaden. Stuttgart, Germany: Schattauer.
4. Anderson MC Ochsner KN, Kuhl B, Cooper J, Robertson E, et al. (2004) Neural systems underlying the suppression of unwanted memories. Science 303: 232-235.
5. Depue BE, Curran T, Banich MT, (2007) Prefrontal regions orchestrate suppression of emotional memories via a two-phase process. Science 317: 215-219.
6. Wylie GR, Foxe JJ, Taylor TL, (2008) Forgetting as an active process: an FMRI investigation of item-method-directed forgetting. Cereb Cortex 18: 670-682.
7. Squire LR, Stark CE, Clark RE, (2004) The medial temporal lobe. Annu Rev Neurosci 27: 279-306.
8. Eichenbaum H, Yonelinas AP, Ranganath C, (2007) The medial temporal lobe and recognition memory. Annu Rev Neurosci 30: 123-152.
9. Henke K, (2010) A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness. Nat Rev Neurosci 11: 523-532.
10. Dudukovic NM, Wagner AD, (2007) Goal-dependent modulation of declarative memory: neural correlates of temporal recency decisions and novelty detection. Neuropsychologia 45: 2608-2620.
11. Jones BP, (1993) Repression: the evolution of a psychoanalytic concept from the 1890's to the 1990's. J Am Psychoanal Assoc 41: 63-93.
12. Axmacher N, Do Lam AT, Kessler H, Fell J, (2010) Natural memory beyond the storage model: repression, trauma, and the construction of a personal past. Front Hum Neurosci 4: 211.
13. Ochsner KN, Gross JJ, (2005) The cognitive control of emotion. Trends Cogn Sci 9: 242-249.
14. Vuilleumier P, (2005) Hysterical conversion and brain function. Prog Brain Res 150: 309-329.
15. Davis KD, Taylor KS, Hutchison WD, Dostrovsky JO, McAndrews MP, et al. (2005) Human anterior cingulate cortex neurons encode cognitive and emotional demands. J Neurosci 25: 8402-8406.
16. Haas BW, Omura K, Constable RT, Canli T, (2006) Interference produced by emotional conflict associated with anterior cingulate activation. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 6: 152-156.
17. Mohanty, Engels AS, Herrington JD, Heller W, Ho MH, et al. (2007) Differential engagement of anterior cingulate cortex subdivisions for cognitive and emotional function. Psychophysiology 44: 343-351.
18. Wittfoth M, Schröder C, Schardt DM, Dengler R, Heinze HJ, et al. (2010) On emotional conflict: interference resolution of happy and angry prosody reveals valence-specific effects. Cereb Cortex 20: 383-392.
19. Chiew KS, Braver TS, (2011) Neural circuitry of emotional and cognitive conflict revealed through facial expressions. PLoS One 6: e17635.
20. Driessen M, Beblo T, Mertens M, Piefke M, Rullkoetter N, et al. (2004) Posttraumatic stress disorder and fMRI activation patterns of traumatic memory in patients with borderline personality disorder. Biol Psychiatry 55: 603-611.
21. Beblo T, Driessen M, Mertens M, Wingenfeld K, Piefke M, et al. (2006) Functional MRI correlates of the recall of unresolved life events in borderline personality disorder. Psychol Med 36, 845-856.
22. Etkin A, Egner T, Kalisch R, (2011) Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. Trends Cogn Sci 15: 85-93.
23. Jung CG (1918) Studies in Word-Association. London: Heinemann.
24. Lang PJ, Bradley MM, Cuthbert BN (1995) International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Technical Manual and Affective Ratings. Gainesville, FL: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
25. Levinger G, Clark J, (1961) Emotional factor in the forgetting of word associations. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 62: 99-105.
26. Rossmann P, (1984) On the forgetting of word associations: Parkinet al. reconsidered. Psychol Res 45: 377-388.
27. Köhler T, Wilke W, (1999) Das Vergessen von Wortassoziationen in Abhängigkeit von Indikatoren ihrer Emotionalität: Eine Möglichkeit der Überprüfung des Freudschen Verdrängungskonzepts? Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 49: 64-67.
28. Freud S (1913). On beginning the treatment (further recommendations on the technique of psycho-analysis I). In: Strachey J, Freud A, Strachey A, Tyson A, editors. The Standard Edition of the Complete Works of Sigmund Freud. London: The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psychoanalysis. vol 12, 121-145.
29. Heuer F, Reisberg D, (1990) Vivid memories of emotional events: The accuracy of remembered minutiae. Mem Cognition 18: 496-506.
30. Bradley MM, Greenwald MK, Petry MC, Lang PJ, (1992) Remembering pictures: Pleasure and arousal in memory. J Exp Psychol Learn 18: 379-390.
31. Ochsner KN (2000) Are affective events richly recollected or simply familiar? The experience and process of recognizing feelings past. J Exp Psychol Gen 129, 242-261.
32. Kensinger EA, Corkin S, (2004) Two routes to emotional memory: Distinct neural processes for valence and arousal. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 3310-3315.
33. Cahill L, (2000) Neurobiological mechanisms of emotionally influenced, long-term memory. Prog Brain Res 126: 29-37.
34. Phelps EA, (2004) Human emotion and memory: interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex. Curr Opin Neurobiol 14: 198-202.
35. Kessler H, Taubner S, Buchheim A, Münte TF, Stasch M, et al. (2011) Individualized and clinically derived stimuli activate limbic structures in depression: an fMRI study. PLoS One 6: e15712.
36. Morris CD, Bransford JD, Franks JJ, (1977) Levels of processing versus transfer appropriate processing. J. Verbal Learn. Verbal Behav 16: 519-533.
37. Schauenburg H, Willenborg V, Sammet I, Ehrenthal JC, (2007) Self-reported defence mechanisms as an outcome measure in psychotherapy: a study on the German version of the Defence Style Questionnaire DSQ 40. Psychol Psychother 80: 355-366.
38. Benedek M, Kaernbach C, (2010) A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity. J Neurosci Methods 190: 80-91.
39. Shannon CE, (1951) Prediction and entropy of printed English. Bell Labs Tech J 30: 50-64.
40. Landauer TK, Dumais ST, (1997) Solution to Plato's problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychol Rev 104: 211-240.
41. Howard MW, Kahana MJ, (2002) When does semantic similarity help episodic retrieval? J Mem Lang 46: 85-98.
42. Kolb P (2008) DISCO: A Multilingual Database of Distributionally Similar Words. In: Storrer A, Geyken A, Siebert A, Würzner KM, editors. KONVENS 2008- Ergänzungsband: Textressourcen und lexikalisches Wissen. Berlin.
43. Murphy FC, Nimmo-Smith I, Lawrence AD, (2003) Functional neuroanatomy of emotions: a meta-analysis. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 3: 207-233.
44. Jung CG (1979) Experimentelle Untersuchungen. In: CG Jung, Gesammelte Werke Band 2. Olten, Germany: Walter-Verlag; p. 20.
45. Henson R, (2005) What can functional neuroimaging tell the experimental psychologist? Quart J Exp Psychol 58: 193-233.
46. Poldrack RA, (2006) Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data? Trends Cogn Sci 10: 59-63.
47. Axmacher N, Elger CE, Fell J, (2009) The specific contribution of neuroimaging versus neurophysiological data to understanding cognition. Behav Brain Res 200: 1-6.
48. Kim JJ, Diamond DM, (2002) The stressed hippocampus, synaptic plasticity and lost memories. Nat Rev Neurosci 3: 453-462.
49. Sapolsky RM, (2002) Stress and plasticity in the limbic system. Neurochem Res 28: 1735-1742.
50. Brewin CR, (2007) Autobiographical memory for trauma: update on four controversies. Memory 15: 227-248.
51. de Quervain DJ, Roozendaal B, McGaugh JL, (1998) Stress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory. Nature 394: 787-790.
52. de Quervain D J-F, Roozendaal B, Nitsch RM, McGaugh JL, Hock C, (2000) Acute cortisone administration impairs retrieval of long-term declarative memory in humans. Nat Neurosci 3: 313-314.
53. Kirschbaum C, Wolf OT, May M, Wippich W, Hellhammer DH, (1996) Stress- and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults. Life Sci 58: 1475-1483.
54. Lupien SJ, Gaudreau S, Tchiteya BM, Maheu F, Sharma S, et al. (1997) Stress-induced declarative memory impairment in healthy elderly subjects: relationship to cortisol reactivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82: 2070-2075.
55. OPD-Task-Force (2008) Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis OPD-2. Manual of Diagnosis and Treatment Planning. Kirkland: Hogrefe & Huber.
56. Kaplan-Solms K, Solms M (2000) Clinical studies in Neuro-Psychoanalysis: Introduction to a depth neuropsychology. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.
57. Northoff G (2011) Neuropsychoanalysis in Practice. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
58. Panksepp J, Solms M, (2012) What is neuropsychoanalysis? Clinically relevant studies of the minded brain. Trends Cogn Sci 1: 6-8.