메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 133, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 21-30

AKT inhibition mitigates GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein) expression and contribution to chemoresistance in endometrial cancers

Author keywords

AKT; chemoresistance; GRP78; MK2206

Indexed keywords

4 [2 (4 AMINO 1,2,5 OXADIAZOL 3 YL) 1 ETHYL 7 (3 PIPERIDINYLMETHOXY) 1H IMIDAZO[4,5 C]PYRIDIN 4 YL] 2 METHYL 3 BUTYN 2 OL; 8 [4 (1 AMINOCYCLOBUTYL)PHENYL] 9 PHENYL 1,2,4 TRIAZOLO[3,4 F][1,6]NAPHTHYRIDIN 3(2H) ONE; CISPLATIN; GLUCOSE REGULATED PROTEIN 78; PROTEIN KINASE B; SMALL INTERFERING RNA;

EID: 84876694384     PISSN: 00207136     EISSN: 10970215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27994     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (47)

References (48)
  • 2
    • 84859421288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary management of endometrial cancer
    • Wright JD, Barrena Medel NI, Sehouli J, et al. Contemporary management of endometrial cancer. Lancet 2012; 379: 1352-60.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.379 , pp. 1352-1360
    • Wright, J.D.1    Barrena Medel, N.I.2    Sehouli, J.3
  • 3
    • 79955577284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging therapeutic targets in endometrial cancer
    • Dedes KJ, Wetterskog D, Ashworth A, et al. Emerging therapeutic targets in endometrial cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2011; 8: 261-71.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Clin Oncol , vol.8 , pp. 261-271
    • Dedes, K.J.1    Wetterskog, D.2    Ashworth, A.3
  • 4
    • 84874112596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The critical roles of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones and unfolded protein response in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapies
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Luo B, Lee AS,. The critical roles of endoplasmic reticulum chaperones and unfolded protein response in tumorigenesis and anticancer therapies. Oncogene 2012; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2012) Oncogene
    • Luo, B.1    Lee, A.S.2
  • 5
    • 79952842932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The critical role of GRP78 in physiologic and pathologic stress
    • Pfaffenbach KT, Lee AS,. The critical role of GRP78 in physiologic and pathologic stress. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2011; 23: 150-6.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.23 , pp. 150-156
    • Pfaffenbach, K.T.1    Lee, A.S.2
  • 6
    • 66049108823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The IRE1alpha-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response is required for adipogenesis
    • Sha H, He Y, Chen H, et al. The IRE1alpha-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response is required for adipogenesis. Cell Metab 2009; 9: 556-64.
    • (2009) Cell Metab , vol.9 , pp. 556-564
    • Sha, H.1    He, Y.2    Chen, H.3
  • 7
    • 80855128127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is overexpressed in colorectal carcinoma and regulates colorectal carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis
    • Xing X, Li Y, Liu H, et al. Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is overexpressed in colorectal carcinoma and regulates colorectal carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis. Acta Histochem 2011; 113: 777-82.
    • (2011) Acta Histochem , vol.113 , pp. 777-782
    • Xing, X.1    Li, Y.2    Liu, H.3
  • 8
    • 20444399528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone Grp78 in human lung cancer and its clinical significance
    • Uramoto H, Sugio K, Oyama T, et al. Expression of endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone Grp78 in human lung cancer and its clinical significance. Lung Cancer 2005; 49: 55-62.
    • (2005) Lung Cancer , vol.49 , pp. 55-62
    • Uramoto, H.1    Sugio, K.2    Oyama, T.3
  • 9
    • 0034021399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of the glucose-regulated stress gene GRP78 in malignant but not benign human breast lesions
    • Fernandez PM, Tabbara SO, Jacobs LK, et al. Overexpression of the glucose-regulated stress gene GRP78 in malignant but not benign human breast lesions. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000; 59: 15-26.
    • (2000) Breast Cancer Res Treat , vol.59 , pp. 15-26
    • Fernandez, P.M.1    Tabbara, S.O.2    Jacobs, L.K.3
  • 10
    • 33750706551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of stress response protein Grp78 is associated with the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer
    • Pootrakul L, Datar RH, Shi SR, et al. Expression of stress response protein Grp78 is associated with the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12: 5987-93.
    • (2006) Clin Cancer Res , vol.12 , pp. 5987-5993
    • Pootrakul, L.1    Datar, R.H.2    Shi, S.R.3
  • 11
    • 84859762088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78 Protein expression in ovarian cancer patients and perspectives for a drug-targeting approach
    • Delie F, Petignat P, Cohen M,. GRP78 Protein expression in ovarian cancer patients and perspectives for a drug-targeting approach. J Oncol 2012; 2012: 468615.
    • (2012) J Oncol , vol.2012 , pp. 468615
    • Delie, F.1    Petignat, P.2    Cohen, M.3
  • 12
    • 84862834833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of GRP78 is associated with malignant transformation in epithelial ovarian tumors
    • Huang LW, Lin CY, Lee CC, et al. Overexpression of GRP78 is associated with malignant transformation in epithelial ovarian tumors. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2012; 20: 381-5.
    • (2012) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol , vol.20 , pp. 381-385
    • Huang, L.W.1    Lin, C.Y.2    Lee, C.C.3
  • 13
    • 33748076770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78 as a novel predictor of responsiveness to chemotherapy in breast cancer
    • Lee E, Nichols P, Spicer D, et al. GRP78 as a novel predictor of responsiveness to chemotherapy in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 7849-53.
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , pp. 7849-7853
    • Lee, E.1    Nichols, P.2    Spicer, D.3
  • 14
    • 79951590699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78/BiP modulation of GRP78/BiP in altering sensitivity to chemotherapy
    • Chen TC,. GRP78/BiP modulation of GRP78/BiP in altering sensitivity to chemotherapy. Methods Enzymol 2011; 491: 25-36.
    • (2011) Methods Enzymol , vol.491 , pp. 25-36
    • Chen, T.C.1
  • 15
    • 34248549003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78/BiP inhibits endoplasmic reticulum BIK and protects human breast cancer cells against estrogen starvation-induced apoptosis
    • Fu Y, Li J, Lee AS,. GRP78/BiP inhibits endoplasmic reticulum BIK and protects human breast cancer cells against estrogen starvation-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 3734-40.
    • (2007) Cancer Res , vol.67 , pp. 3734-3740
    • Fu, Y.1    Li, J.2    Lee, A.S.3
  • 16
    • 33751189618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UPR activation alters chemosensitivity of tumor cells
    • Mann MJ, Hendershot LM,. UPR activation alters chemosensitivity of tumor cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2006; 5: 736-40.
    • (2006) Cancer Biol Ther , vol.5 , pp. 736-740
    • Mann, M.J.1    Hendershot, L.M.2
  • 17
    • 0038080911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein GRP78 protects cells from apoptosis induced by topoisomerase inhibitors: Role of ATP binding site in suppression of caspase-7 activation
    • Reddy RK, Mao C, Baumeister P, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein GRP78 protects cells from apoptosis induced by topoisomerase inhibitors: role of ATP binding site in suppression of caspase-7 activation. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 20915-24.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 20915-20924
    • Reddy, R.K.1    Mao, C.2    Baumeister, P.3
  • 18
    • 79851516852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt is the downstream target of GRP78 in mediating cisplatin resistance in ER stress-tolerant human lung cancer cells
    • Lin Y, Wang Z, Liu L, et al. Akt is the downstream target of GRP78 in mediating cisplatin resistance in ER stress-tolerant human lung cancer cells. Lung Cancer 2011; 71: 291-7.
    • (2011) Lung Cancer , vol.71 , pp. 291-297
    • Lin, Y.1    Wang, Z.2    Liu, L.3
  • 19
    • 67649256065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of Cripto binding to cell surface GRP78 inhibits oncogenic Cripto signaling via MAPK/PI3K and Smad2/3 pathways
    • Kelber JA, Panopoulos AD, Shani G, et al. Blockade of Cripto binding to cell surface GRP78 inhibits oncogenic Cripto signaling via MAPK/PI3K and Smad2/3 pathways. Oncogene 2009; 28: 2324-36.
    • (2009) Oncogene , vol.28 , pp. 2324-2336
    • Kelber, J.A.1    Panopoulos, A.D.2    Shani, G.3
  • 20
    • 79951537603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the endoplasmic reticulum: Atypical GRP78 in cell viability, signalling and therapeutic targeting
    • Ni M, Zhang Y, Lee AS,. Beyond the endoplasmic reticulum: atypical GRP78 in cell viability, signalling and therapeutic targeting. Biochem J 2011; 434: 181-8.
    • (2011) Biochem J , vol.434 , pp. 181-188
    • Ni, M.1    Zhang, Y.2    Lee, A.S.3
  • 21
    • 27744432361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cisplatin activates Akt in small cell lung cancer cells and attenuates apoptosis by survivin upregulation
    • Belyanskaya LL, Hopkins-Donaldson S, Kurtz S, et al. Cisplatin activates Akt in small cell lung cancer cells and attenuates apoptosis by survivin upregulation. Int J Cancer 2005; 117: 755-63.
    • (2005) Int J Cancer , vol.117 , pp. 755-763
    • Belyanskaya, L.L.1    Hopkins-Donaldson, S.2    Kurtz, S.3
  • 22
    • 77950519173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the Akt/mTOR survival pathway in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells
    • Peng DJ, Wang J, Zhou JY, et al. Role of the Akt/mTOR survival pathway in cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 394: 600-5.
    • (2010) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.394 , pp. 600-605
    • Peng, D.J.1    Wang, J.2    Zhou, J.Y.3
  • 23
    • 0034326803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of BAD phosphorylation either at serine 112 via extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase cascade or at serine 136 via Akt cascade sensitizes human ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin
    • Hayakawa J, Ohmichi M, Kurachi H, et al. Inhibition of BAD phosphorylation either at serine 112 via extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase cascade or at serine 136 via Akt cascade sensitizes human ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin. Cancer Res 2000; 60: 5988-94.
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 5988-5994
    • Hayakawa, J.1    Ohmichi, M.2    Kurachi, H.3
  • 24
    • 39249085477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemosensitization of endometrial cancer cells through AKT inhibition involves FOXO1
    • Hoekstra AV, Ward EC, Hardt JL, et al. Chemosensitization of endometrial cancer cells through AKT inhibition involves FOXO1. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 108: 609-18.
    • (2008) Gynecol Oncol , vol.108 , pp. 609-618
    • Hoekstra, A.V.1    Ward, E.C.2    Hardt, J.L.3
  • 25
    • 37349060695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt promotes cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of p53 phosphorylation and nuclear function
    • Fraser M, Bai T, Tsang BK,. Akt promotes cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells through inhibition of p53 phosphorylation and nuclear function. Int J Cancer 2008; 122: 534-46.
    • (2008) Int J Cancer , vol.122 , pp. 534-546
    • Fraser, M.1    Bai, T.2    Tsang, B.K.3
  • 26
    • 4444346646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AKT involvement in cisplatin chemoresistance of human uterine cancer cells
    • Gagnon V, Mathieu I, Sexton E, et al. AKT involvement in cisplatin chemoresistance of human uterine cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol 2004; 94: 785-95.
    • (2004) Gynecol Oncol , vol.94 , pp. 785-795
    • Gagnon, V.1    Mathieu, I.2    Sexton, E.3
  • 27
    • 73849152723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt promotes chemoresistance in human ovarian cancer cells by modulating cisplatin-induced, p53-dependent ubiquitination of FLICE-like inhibitory protein
    • Abedini MR, Muller EJ, Bergeron R, et al. Akt promotes chemoresistance in human ovarian cancer cells by modulating cisplatin-induced, p53-dependent ubiquitination of FLICE-like inhibitory protein. Oncogene 2010; 29: 11-25.
    • (2010) Oncogene , vol.29 , pp. 11-25
    • Abedini, M.R.1    Muller, E.J.2    Bergeron, R.3
  • 28
    • 0034906660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between loss of PTEN expression and Akt phosphorylation in endometrial carcinoma
    • Kanamori Y, Kigawa J, Itamochi H, et al. Correlation between loss of PTEN expression and Akt phosphorylation in endometrial carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 892-5.
    • (2001) Clin Cancer Res , vol.7 , pp. 892-895
    • Kanamori, Y.1    Kigawa, J.2    Itamochi, H.3
  • 29
    • 2942517377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt regulates COX-2 mRNA and protein expression in mutated-PTEN human endometrial cancer cells
    • St-Germain ME, Gagnon V, Mathieu I, et al. Akt regulates COX-2 mRNA and protein expression in mutated-PTEN human endometrial cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2004; 24: 1311-24.
    • (2004) Int J Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 1311-1324
    • St-Germain, M.E.1    Gagnon, V.2    Mathieu, I.3
  • 30
    • 2942545582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt activity in endometrial cancer cells: Regulation of cell survival through cIAP-1
    • Gagnon V, St-Germain ME, Parent S, et al. Akt activity in endometrial cancer cells: regulation of cell survival through cIAP-1. Int J Oncol 2003; 23: 803-10.
    • (2003) Int J Oncol , vol.23 , pp. 803-810
    • Gagnon, V.1    St-Germain, M.E.2    Parent, S.3
  • 31
    • 84862908844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inducible knockout of GRP78/BiP in the hematopoietic system suppresses Pten-null leukemogenesis and AKT oncogenic signaling
    • Wey S, Luo B, Tseng CC, et al. Inducible knockout of GRP78/BiP in the hematopoietic system suppresses Pten-null leukemogenesis and AKT oncogenic signaling. Blood 2012; 119: 817-25.
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , pp. 817-825
    • Wey, S.1    Luo, B.2    Tseng, C.C.3
  • 32
    • 58049209726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pten null prostate tumorigenesis and AKT activation are blocked by targeted knockout of ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in prostate epithelium
    • Fu Y, Wey S, Wang M, et al. Pten null prostate tumorigenesis and AKT activation are blocked by targeted knockout of ER chaperone GRP78/BiP in prostate epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 19444-9.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.105 , pp. 19444-19449
    • Fu, Y.1    Wey, S.2    Wang, M.3
  • 33
    • 85046915739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligation of cell surface GRP78 with antibody directed against the COOH-terminal domain of GRP78 suppresses Ras/MAPK and PI 3-kinase/AKT signaling while promoting caspase activation in human prostate cancer cells
    • Misra UK, Pizzo SV,. Ligation of cell surface GRP78 with antibody directed against the COOH-terminal domain of GRP78 suppresses Ras/MAPK and PI 3-kinase/AKT signaling while promoting caspase activation in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2010; 9: 142-52.
    • (2010) Cancer Biol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 142-152
    • Misra, U.K.1    Pizzo, S.V.2
  • 34
    • 77958522355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endometrial carcinoma: A review of chemotherapy, drug resistance, and the search for new agents
    • Moxley KM, McMeekin DS,. Endometrial carcinoma: a review of chemotherapy, drug resistance, and the search for new agents. Oncologist 2010; 15: 1026-33.
    • (2010) Oncologist , vol.15 , pp. 1026-1033
    • Moxley, K.M.1    McMeekin, D.S.2
  • 35
    • 35448967382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unfolded protein response regulator GRP78/BiP as a novel target for increasing chemosensitivity in malignant gliomas
    • Pyrko P, Schonthal AH, Hofman FM, et al. The unfolded protein response regulator GRP78/BiP as a novel target for increasing chemosensitivity in malignant gliomas. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 9809-16.
    • (2007) Cancer Res , vol.67 , pp. 9809-9816
    • Pyrko, P.1    Schonthal, A.H.2    Hofman, F.M.3
  • 37
    • 0037646503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cisplatin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and nucleus-independent apoptotic signaling
    • Mandic A, Hansson J, Linder S, et al. Cisplatin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and nucleus-independent apoptotic signaling. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 9100-6.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 9100-9106
    • Mandic, A.1    Hansson, J.2    Linder, S.3
  • 38
    • 75349101620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of GRP78 Enhances Chemotherapy Sensitivity to VP-16 in Lung Adenocarcinoma
    • Jiang L, Zhang L, Wang Q, et al. [Down-regulation of GRP78 Enhances Chemotherapy Sensitivity to VP-16 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2009; 12: 1159-63.
    • (2009) Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi , vol.12 , pp. 1159-1163
    • Jiang, L.1    Zhang, L.2    Wang, Q.3
  • 40
    • 77956165188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78 signaling hub a receptor for targeted tumor therapy
    • Sato M, Yao VJ, Arap W, et al. GRP78 signaling hub a receptor for targeted tumor therapy. Adv Genet 2010; 69: 97-114.
    • (2010) Adv Genet , vol.69 , pp. 97-114
    • Sato, M.1    Yao, V.J.2    Arap, W.3
  • 41
    • 78651388262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligation of prostate cancer cell surface GRP78 activates a proproliferative and antiapoptotic feedback loop: A role for secreted prostate-specific antigen
    • Misra UK, Payne S, Pizzo SV,. Ligation of prostate cancer cell surface GRP78 activates a proproliferative and antiapoptotic feedback loop: a role for secreted prostate-specific antigen. J Biol Chem 2011; 286: 1248-59.
    • (2011) J Biol Chem , vol.286 , pp. 1248-1259
    • Misra, U.K.1    Payne, S.2    Pizzo, S.V.3
  • 42
    • 66849083879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligation of cancer cell surface GRP78 with antibodies directed against its COOH-terminal domain up-regulates p53 activity and promotes apoptosis
    • Misra UK, Mowery Y, Kaczowka S, et al. Ligation of cancer cell surface GRP78 with antibodies directed against its COOH-terminal domain up-regulates p53 activity and promotes apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8: 1350-62.
    • (2009) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.8 , pp. 1350-1362
    • Misra, U.K.1    Mowery, Y.2    Kaczowka, S.3
  • 43
    • 33845780561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro is modulated by antibodies against glucose-regulated protein 78 isolated from patient serum
    • Gonzalez-Gronow M, Cuchacovich M, Llanos C, et al. Prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro is modulated by antibodies against glucose-regulated protein 78 isolated from patient serum. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 11424-31.
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , pp. 11424-11431
    • Gonzalez-Gronow, M.1    Cuchacovich, M.2    Llanos, C.3
  • 44
    • 79954569520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical role for GRP78/BiP in the tumor microenvironment for neovascularization during tumor growth and metastasis
    • Dong D, Stapleton C, Luo B, et al. A critical role for GRP78/BiP in the tumor microenvironment for neovascularization during tumor growth and metastasis. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 2848-57.
    • (2011) Cancer Res , vol.71 , pp. 2848-2857
    • Dong, D.1    Stapleton, C.2    Luo, B.3
  • 45
    • 77952151815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K/Akt promotes GRP78 accumulation and inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells
    • Dai RY, Chen SK, Yan DM, et al. PI3K/Akt promotes GRP78 accumulation and inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells. Folia Biol (Praha) 2010; 56: 37-46.
    • (2010) Folia Biol (Praha) , vol.56 , pp. 37-46
    • Dai, R.Y.1    Chen, S.K.2    Yan, D.M.3
  • 46
    • 84865421678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRP78/BiP is a novel downstream target of IGF-1 receptor mediated signaling
    • Pfaffenbach KT, Pong M, Morgan TE, et al. GRP78/BiP is a novel downstream target of IGF-1 receptor mediated signaling. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227: 3803-11.
    • (2012) J Cell Physiol , vol.227 , pp. 3803-3811
    • Pfaffenbach, K.T.1    Pong, M.2    Morgan, T.E.3
  • 47
    • 1642586272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival signalling by Akt and eIF4E in oncogenesis and cancer therapy
    • Wendel HG, De Stanchina E, Fridman JS, et al. Survival signalling by Akt and eIF4E in oncogenesis and cancer therapy. Nature 2004; 428: 332-7.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 332-337
    • Wendel, H.G.1    De Stanchina, E.2    Fridman, J.S.3
  • 48
    • 79959712087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR inhibitors: Rationale and importance to inhibiting these pathways in human health
    • Chappell WH, Steelman LS, Long JM, et al. Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR inhibitors: rationale and importance to inhibiting these pathways in human health. Oncotarget 2011; 2: 135-64.
    • (2011) Oncotarget , vol.2 , pp. 135-164
    • Chappell, W.H.1    Steelman, L.S.2    Long, J.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.