Economics of periodontal care: Market trends, competitive forces and incentives

Periodontology 2000

Volumn 62, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 287-304

  Flemmig, Thomas F ^a   Beikler, Thomas ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ECONOMICS; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; MANPOWER; MOTIVATION; PERIODONTICS; PERIODONTITIS; PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY; TOOTH IMPLANTATION; UNITED STATES;

DENTAL IMPLANTATION, ENDOSSEOUS; ECONOMIC COMPETITION; FINANCING, PERSONAL; HEALTH CARE SECTOR; HUMANS; INSURANCE, DENTAL; MOTIVATION; PERIODONTAL DEBRIDEMENT; PERIODONTICS; PERIODONTITIS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84876338572     PISSN: 09066713     EISSN: 16000757     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/prd.12009     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. 2005-06 survey of dental services rendered. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2007.
2. 2006 survey of dental practice. Prosthodontists in private practice. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2008.
3. 2007 survey of current issues in dentistry. Surgical dental implants, amalgam, restorations, and sedation. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2008.
4. 2009 survey of dental fees. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2009.
5. 2009 survey of dental practice. Annual expenses of operating a private practice. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2010.
6. 2009 survey of dental practice. Employment of dental practice personnel. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2010.
7. Annual estimates of the population for the United States, regions, states, and Puerto Rico. United States Census Bureau, Available at: http://www.census.gov/popest/data/national/totals/2011/index.html (Accessed 28 May 2012).
8. Annual report 2006. Nobel Biocare, Available at: http://corporate.nobelbiocare.com/Images/en/annual_report_2006_tcm269-30495.pdf (Accessed 19 October 2011).
9. Annual report 2011. Nobel Biocare AG, Available at: http://corporate.nobelbiocare.com/Images/en/NB_AR2011__final_tcm269-47626.pdf (Accessed 3 September 2012).
10. Arrow KJ. Uncertainty and the welfare economics of medical care. J Health Polit Policy Law 1963: 53: 851-883.
11. Average educational debt among graduating students with debt by type of school, 1996 to 2011 (current dollars). American Dental Education Association, Available at: http://www.adea.org/publications/tde/Documents/Average Debt Among Graduating Students with Debt by Type of School, 1996-2010 (Current Dollars).pdf (Accessed 19 August 2012).
12. Axelsson P, Lindhe J. The significance of maintenance care in the treatment of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1981: 8: 281-294.
13. Baker WL, Marn MV, Zawada CC. The price advantage. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010.
14. Beikler T, Flemmig TF. Oral biofilm-associated diseases: trends and implications for quality of life, systemic health and expenditures. Periodontol 2000 2011: 55: 87-103.
15. Beirne P, Worthington HV, Clarkson JE. Routine scale and polish for periodontal health in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007: Issue 4: CD004625.
16. Birch S. The identification of supplier-inducement in a fixed price system of health care provision. The case of dentistry in the United Kingdom. J Health Econ 1988: 7: 129-150.
17. Blackstone EA, Fuhr JP Jr. Specialty hospitals: the economics and policy issues they pose. J Health Care Finance 2007: 34: 1-9.
18. Bonito AJ, Lux L, Lohr KN. Impact of local adjuncts to scaling and root planing in periodontal disease therapy: a systematic review. J Periodontol 2005: 76: 1227-1236.
19. Brown LJ, Guay AH, House DR. The effects of insurance carrier market power on dentists and patients. J Am Dent Assoc 2009: 140: 90-97.
20. Brown LJ, Johns BA, Wall TP. The economics of periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2002: 29: 223-234.
21. Chambrone L, Pannuti CM, Tu YK, Chambrone LA. Evidence-based periodontal plastic surgery. II. An individual data meta-analysis for evaluating factors in achieving complete root coverage. J Periodontol 2012: 83: 477-490.
22. Chandra A, Cutler D, Song Z. Who ordered that? The economics of treatment choices in medical care. In: Pauly MV, Mcguire TG, Barros PP, editors. Handbook of health economics, Vol. 2. Oxford, UK: North-Holland, 2012: 397-432.
23. ClearChoice. Available at: http://www.clearchoice.com/ (Accessed 1 September 2012).
24. Cobb CM. Clinical significance of non-surgical periodontal therapy: an evidence-based perspective of scaling and root planing. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29(Suppl 2): 6-16.
25. Cobb CM. Non-surgical pocket therapy: mechanical. Ann Periodontol 1996: 1: 443-490.
26. Cobb CM, Carrara A, El-Annan E, Youngblood LA, Becker BE, Becker W, Oxford GE, Williams KB. Periodontal referral patterns, 1980 versus 2000: a preliminary study. J Periodontol 2003: 74: 1470-1474.
27. Cobb CM, Williams KB, Gerkovitch MM. Is the prevalence of periodontitis in the USA in decline?Periodontol 2000 2009: 50: 13-24.
28. Cohen RA, Gindi RM, Kirzinger WK. Financial burden of medical care: early release of estimates from the national health interview survey, January-June 2011. National Center for Health Statistics, 2012.
29. Cortellini P, Pini-Prato G, Tonetti M. Periodontal regeneration of human infrabony defects (V). Effect of oral hygiene on long-term stability. J Clin Periodontol 1994: 21: 606-610.
30. Dental benefits joint report: enrollment. National Association of Dental Plans and Delta Dental Plans Association, 2012.
31. Dental Departures. Available at: http://www.dentaldepartures.com/ (Accessed 1 September 2012).
32. Distribution of dentists in the United States by region and state, 2009. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association, 2011.
33. Dye BA, Tan S, Smith V, Lewis BG, Barker LK, Thornton-Evans G, Eke PI, Beltrán-Aguilar ED, Horowitz AM, Li C-H. Trends in oral health status: United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2004. In: Statistics National Center for Health Statistics, editor. Vital Health Stat, Vol. 11, 2007: 1-94.
34. Faggion CM Jr, Petersilka G, Lange DE, Gerss J, Flemmig TF. Prognostic model for tooth survival in patients treated for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2007: 34: 226-231.
35. FairHealth. Available at: http://www.fairhealth.org/ (Accessed 1 September 2012).
36. Five-year overview: operating performance 2007-2011. Institute Straumann AG, Available at: http://www.straumann.com/en/home/investor-relations/financial-reports/five-year-overview.html (Accessed 8 August 2012).
37. Flemmig TF, Beikler T. Decision making in implant dentistry: an evidence-based and decision-analysis approach. Periodontol 2000 2009: 50: 154-172.
38. Gaunt F, Devine M, Pennington M, Vernazza C, Gwynnett E, Steen N, Heasman P. The cost-effectiveness of supportive periodontal care for patients with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 67-82.
39. Gjermo PE. Impact of periodontal preventive programmes on the data from epidemiologic studies. J Clin Periodontol 2005: 32(Suppl 6): 294-300.
40. Grytten J. The effect of supplier inducement on Norwegian dental services; some empirical findings based on a theoretical model. Community Dent Health 1991: 8: 221-231.
41. Grytten J, Holst D, Laake P. Supplier inducement. Its effect on dental services in Norway. J Health Econ 1990: 9: 483-491.
42. Grytten J, Sorensen R. Competition and dental services. Health Econ 2000: 9: 447-461.
43. Hastreiter RJ, Jiang P. Trends and costs comparisons: implants with crowns versus three-unit bridges versus root canals with crowns. J Dent Res 2006: 85: Abstract# 1510.
44. Haswell M. Dental implants: a different perspective, part one. Implant Practice 2009: 2: 44-57.
45. Heasman PA, Vernazza CR, Gaunt FL, Pennington MW. Cost-effectiveness of adjunctive antimicrobials in the treatment of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2011: 55: 217-230.
46. Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Trombelli L, Heitz F, Needleman I, Moles D. A systematic review of the effect of surgical debridement vs non-surgical debridement for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29(Suppl 3): 92-102.
47. Herrera D, Sanz M, Jepsen S, Needleman I, Roldan S. A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients. J Clin Periodontol 2002: 29(Suppl 3): 136-159.
48. Hillman AL. Health maintenance organizations, financial incentives, and physicians' judgments. Ann Intern Med 1990: 112: 891-893.
49. Himmelstein DU, Thorne D, Warren E, Woolhandler S. Medical bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: results of a national study. Am J Med 2009: 122: 741-746.
50. Hujoel PP, del Aguila MA, DeRouen TA, Bergstrom J. A hidden periodontitis epidemic during the 20th century?Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003: 31: 1-6.
51. Köberlein J, Klingenberger D. Auslandszahnersatz und Dentaltourismus - Zahlungsbereitschaft und Einflussfaktoren auf die Nachfrage nach ausländischem Zahnersatz in Deutschland. Gesundheitswesen 2011: 73: e111-e118.
52. Kravitz RL, Epstein RM, Feldman MD, Franz CE, Azari R, Wilkes MS, Hinton L, Franks P. Influence of patients' requests for direct-to-consumer advertised antidepressants: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005: 293: 1995-2002.
53. Kyle MK, Ridley DB. Would greater transparency and uniformity of health care prices benefit poor patients?Health Aff (Millwood) 2007: 26: 1384-1391.
54. Lang NP, Tan WC, Krahenmann MA, Zwahlen M. A systematic review of the effects of full-mouth debridement with and without antiseptics in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008: 35: 8-21.
55. Lee JH, Bennett DE, Richards PS, Inglehart MR. Periodontal referral patterns of general dentists: lessons for dental education. J Dent Educ 2009: 73: 199-210.
56. Lewis MH, Gohagan JK, Merenstein DJ. The locality rule and the physician's dilemma: local medical practices vs the national standard of care. JAMA 2007: 297: 2633-2637.
57. Loesche WJ, Giordano JR, Hujoel P, Schwarcz J, Smith BA. Metronidazole in periodontitis: reduced need for surgery. J Clin Periodontol 1992: 19: 103-112.
58. Manninng WG, Phelps CE. The demand for dental care. Bell J Econ 1979: 10: 503-525.
59. Manski RJ, Brown E. Dental use, expenses, private dental coverage, and changes, 1996 and 2004. MEPS chartbook no 17. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2007.
60. McGuire MK, Scheyer ET. A referral-based periodontal practice - yesterday, today, and tomorrow. J Periodontol 2003: 74: 1542-1544.
61. Mombelli A, Cionca N, Almaghlouth A. Does adjunctive antimicrobial therapy reduce the perceived need for periodontal surgery?Periodontol 2000 2011: 55: 205-216.
62. Motes WH, Huhmann BA, Hill CJ. Following the drill: the search for a dentist. J Health Care Mark 1995: 15: 34-41.
63. Mueller CD, Monheit AC. Insurance coverage and the demand for dental care. Results for non-aged white adults. J Health Econ 1988: 7: 59-72.
64. National health expenditure data. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Available at: http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/Downloads/tables.pdf (Accessed 5 April 2012).
65. National health expenditures by type of expenditure and program. Calendar year 2010. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Available at: http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/NationalHealthAccountsHistorical.html (Accessed 5 April 2012).
66. Needleman IG, Worthington HV, Giedrys-Leeper E, Tucker RJ. Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006: Issue 2: CD001724.
67. Niederman R, Richards D, Brands W. The changing standard of care. J Am Dent Assoc 2012: 143: 434-437.
68. Nyman S, Rosling B, Lindhe J. Effect of professional tooth cleaning on healing after periodontal surgery. J Clin Periodontol 1975: 2: 80-86.
69. Occupational outlook handbook, 2012-13 edition, dental hygienists. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2012. Available at: http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/dental-hygienists.htm.
70. Pennington M, Heasman P, Gaunt F, Guntsch A, Ivanovski S, Imazato S, Rajapakse S, Allen E, Flemmig T, Sanz M, Vernazza C. The cost-effectiveness of supportive periodontal care: a global perspective. J Clin Periodontol 2011: 38: 553-561.
71. Pjetursson BE, Sailer I, Zwahlen M, Hammerle CH. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic reconstructions after an observation period of at least 3years. Part I: single crowns. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl 3): 73-85.
72. Pjetursson BE, Thoma D, Jung R, Zwahlen M, Zembic A. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of implant supported sixed dental prostheses (FDPs) after an obervation period of at least 5years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012: 23 (Suppl. 6): 22-38.
73. Porter ME. Competitive strategy. Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York, NY: The Free Press, 1980.
74. Porter ME, Teisberg O. Redefining competition in health care. Harv Bus Rev 2004: 82: 64-76.
75. Quirynen M, De Soete M, Boschmans G, Pauwels M, Coucke W, Teughels W, van Steenberghe D. Benefit of "one-stage full-mouth disinfection" is explained by disinfection and root planing within 24hours: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2006: 33: 639-647.
76. Reference manual on scientific evidence. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2011.
77. Robertson PB, del Aguila MA, Anderson MH. Trends in periodontal care. Periodontol 2000 2002: 30: 104-110.
78. Sailer I, Pjetursson BE, Zwahlen M, Hammerle CH. A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic reconstructions after an observation period of at least 3years. Part II: fixed dental prostheses. Clin Oral Implants Res 2007: 18(Suppl 3): 86-96.
79. Santerre RE, Neun SP. Health economics: theories, insights, and industry studies. Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western, 2007.
80. Schaafsma J. A new test for supplier-inducement and application to the Canadian market for dental care. J Health Econ 1994: 13: 407-431.
81. Schatzle M, Loe H, Lang NP, Burgin W, Anerud A, Boysen H. The clinical course of chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2004: 31: 1122-1127.
82. Schneider JE, Miller TR, Ohsfeldt RL, Morrisey MA, Zelner BA, Pengxiang L. The economics of specialty hospitals. Med Care Res Rev 2008: 65: 531-553.
83. Sharpe G, Durham JA, Preshaw PM. Attitudes regarding specialist referrals in periodontics. Br Dent J 2007: 202: E11.
84. Sintonen H, Maljanen T. Explaining the utilisation of dental care. Experiences from the Finnish dental market. Health Econ 1995: 4: 453-466.
85. Soderlund K. Delta dental cuts reimbursement fees for New Jersey and Connecticut dentists. American Dental Association, 2012.
86. Steinman MA, Shlipak MG, McPhee SJ. Of principles and pens: attitudes and practices of medicine housestaff toward pharmaceutical industry promotions. Am J Med 2001: 110: 551-557.
87. Vujicic M, Lazar V, Wall TP, Munson B. An analysis of dentists' incomes, 1996-2009. J Am Dent Assoc 2012: 143: 452-460.
88. WhatClinic.com. Available at: http://www.whatclinic.com/ (Accessed 1 September 2012).
89. Yu JK. Periodontal practice patterns. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University, 2010: 165.
90. Zandbergen D, Slot DE, Cobb CM, van der Weijden FA. The clinical effect of scaling and root planing and the concomitant administration of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole: a systematic review. J Periodontol 2013: 84: 332-351.