메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue JUN, 2012, Pages

Freeze/thaw-induced embolism: Probability of critical bubble formation depends on speed of ice formation

Author keywords

Air seeding; Cavitation; Gas segregation; Nucleation; Xylem

Indexed keywords


EID: 84876074957     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1664462X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00107     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (63)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 0036909409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter embolism, mechanisms of xylem hydraulic conductivity recovery and springtime growth patterns in walnut and peach trees
    • Améglio, T., Bodet, C., Lacointe, A., and Cochard, H. (2002). Winter embolism, mechanisms of xylem hydraulic conductivity recovery and springtime growth patterns in walnut and peach trees. Tree Physiol. 22, 1211-1220.
    • (2002) Tree Physiol. , vol.22 , pp. 1211-1220
    • Améglio, T.1    Bodet, C.2    Lacointe, A.3    Cochard, H.4
  • 2
    • 33644649038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freeze/thaw-induced embolism depends on nadir temperature: The heterogeneous hydration hypothesis
    • Ball, M. C., Canny, M. J., Huang, C. X., Egerton, J. J. G., and Wolfe, J. (2006). Freeze/thaw-induced embolism depends on nadir temperature: the heterogeneous hydration hypothesis. Plant Cell Environ. 29, 729-745.
    • (2006) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.29 , pp. 729-745
    • Ball, M.C.1    Canny, M.J.2    Huang, C.X.3    Egerton, J.J.G.4    Wolfe, J.5
  • 3
    • 0031168172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas segregation during solidification processes
    • Bianchi, M. V., and Viskanta, R. (1997). Gas segregation during solidification processes. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf.40, 2035-2043.
    • (1997) Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. , vol.40 , pp. 2035-2043
    • Bianchi, M.V.1    Viskanta, R.2
  • 5
    • 0016551783 scopus 로고
    • Bubble nucleation in liquids
    • Blander, M., and Katz, J. L. (1975). Bubble nucleation in liquids. AIChE J. 21, 833-848.
    • (1975) AIChE J. , vol.21 , pp. 833-848
    • Blander, M.1    Katz, J.L.2
  • 7
    • 84986951020 scopus 로고
    • Rates of apoplastic diffusion in wheat leaves
    • Canny, M. J. (1990). Rates of apoplastic diffusion in wheat leaves. New Phytol. 116, 263-268.
    • (1990) New Phytol. , vol.116 , pp. 263-268
    • Canny, M.J.1
  • 8
    • 0028861285 scopus 로고
    • Apoplastic water and solute movement: New rules for an old space
    • Canny, M. J. (1995). Apoplastic water and solute movement: new rules for an old space. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 46, 215-236.
    • (1995) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 215-236
    • Canny, M.J.1
  • 9
    • 0035662539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic properties and freezing-induced cavitation in sympatric evergreen and deciduous oaks with contrasting habitats
    • Cavender-Bares, J., and Holbrook, N. M. (2001). Hydraulic properties and freezing-induced cavitation in sympatric evergreen and deciduous oaks with contrasting habitats. Plant Cell Environ. 24, 1243-1256.
    • (2001) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.24 , pp. 1243-1256
    • Cavender-Bares, J.1    Holbrook, N.M.2
  • 10
    • 0022075647 scopus 로고
    • The diffusivity of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in concentrated, saturated and supersaturated aqueous solutions
    • Chang, Y. C., and Myerson, A. S. (1985). The diffusivity of potassium chloride and sodium chloride in concentrated, saturated and supersaturated aqueous solutions. AIChE J. 31, 890-894.
    • (1985) AIChE J. , vol.31 , pp. 890-894
    • Chang, Y.C.1    Myerson, A.S.2
  • 12
    • 80051578142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem traits mediate a trade-off between resistance to freeze-thaw-induced embolism and photosynthetic capacity in overwintering evergreens
    • Choat, B., Medek, D. E., Stuart, S. A., Pasquet-Kok, J., Egerton, J. J. G., Salari, H., Sack, L., and Ball, M. C. (2011). Xylem traits mediate a trade-off between resistance to freeze-thaw-induced embolism and photosynthetic capacity in overwintering evergreens. New Phytol. 191, 996-1005.
    • (2011) New Phytol. , vol.191 , pp. 996-1005
    • Choat, B.1    Medek, D.E.2    Stuart, S.A.3    Pasquet-Kok, J.4    Egerton, J.J.G.5    Salari, H.6    Sack, L.7    Ball, M.C.8
  • 13
    • 65249105942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the 'rare pit' hypothesis for xylem cavitation resistance in three species of Acer
    • Christman, M. A., Sperry, J. S., and Adler, F. R. (2009). Testing the 'rare pit' hypothesis for xylem cavitation resistance in three species of Acer. New Phytol. 182, 664-674.
    • (2009) New Phytol. , vol.182 , pp. 664-674
    • Christman, M.A.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Adler, F.R.3
  • 14
    • 84855767465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rare pits, large vessels and extreme vulnerability to cavitation in a ring-porous tree species
    • Christman, M. A., Sperry, J. S., and Smith, D. D. (2012). Rare pits, large vessels and extreme vulnerability to cavitation in a ring-porous tree species. New Phytol. 193, 713-720.
    • (2012) New Phytol. , vol.193 , pp. 713-720
    • Christman, M.A.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Smith, D.D.3
  • 15
    • 0000366387 scopus 로고
    • Use of positive pressure to establish vulnerability curves: Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis
    • Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., and Tyree, M. T. (1992). Use of positive pressure to establish vulnerability curves: further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis. Plant Physiol. 10, 205-209.
    • (1992) Plant Physiol. , vol.10 , pp. 205-209
    • Cochard, H.1    Cruiziat, P.2    Tyree, M.T.3
  • 16
    • 0035112153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of xylem recovery from winter embolism in Fagus sylvatica
    • Cochard, H., Lemoine, D., Ameglio, T., and Granier, A. (2001). Mechanisms of xylem recovery from winter embolism in Fagus sylvatica. Tree Physiol. 21, 27-33.
    • (2001) Tree Physiol. , vol.21 , pp. 27-33
    • Cochard, H.1    Lemoine, D.2    Ameglio, T.3    Granier, A.4
  • 17
    • 0036746948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of summer drought and winter freezing on stem hydraulic conductivity of Rhododendron species from contrasting climates
    • Cordero, R. A., and Nilsen, E. T. (2002). Effects of summer drought and winter freezing on stem hydraulic conductivity of Rhododendron species from contrasting climates. Tree Physiol. 22, 919-928.
    • (2002) Tree Physiol. , vol.22 , pp. 919-928
    • Cordero, R.A.1    Nilsen, E.T.2
  • 18
    • 0033299684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing
    • Davis, D. D., Sperry, J. S., and Hacke, U. G. (1999). The relationship between xylem conduit diameter and cavitation caused by freezing. Am. J. Bot. 86, 1367-1372.
    • (1999) Am. J. Bot. , vol.86 , pp. 1367-1372
    • Davis, D.D.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Hacke, U.G.3
  • 19
    • 0004080557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Debenedetti, P. G. (1996). Metastable Liquids. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    • (1996) Metastable Liquids.
    • Debenedetti, P.G.1
  • 21
    • 85060970244 scopus 로고
    • Xylem structure and water conduction in conifer trees, dicot trees, and lianas
    • Ewers, F. W. (1985). Xylem structure and water conduction in conifer trees, dicot trees, and lianas. Int. Assoc. Wood Anat. Bull. 6, 309-317.
    • (1985) Int. Assoc. Wood Anat. Bull. , vol.6 , pp. 309-317
    • Ewers, F.W.1
  • 22
    • 0035027448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem water transport and freeze-thaw xylem embolism in conifers and angiosperms in a Tasmanian treeline heath
    • Feild, T. S., and Brodribb, T. (2001). Stem water transport and freeze-thaw xylem embolism in conifers and angiosperms in a Tasmanian treeline heath. Oecologia 127, 314-320.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.127 , pp. 314-320
    • Feild, T.S.1    Brodribb, T.2
  • 23
    • 0345802568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem sap flow as a major pathway for oxygen supply to the sapwood of birch (Betula pubescens Ehr.)
    • Gansert, D. (2003). Xylem sap flow as a major pathway for oxygen supply to the sapwood of birch (Betula pubescens Ehr.). Plant Cell Environ. 26, 1803-1814.
    • (2003) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.26 , pp. 1803-1814
    • Gansert, D.1
  • 24
    • 37849044137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice propagation in plants visualized at the tissue level by infrared differential thermal analysis (IDTA)
    • Hacker, J., and Neuner, G. (2007). Ice propagation in plants visualized at the tissue level by infrared differential thermal analysis (IDTA). Tree Physiol. 27, 1661-1670.
    • (2007) Tree Physiol. , vol.27 , pp. 1661-1670
    • Hacker, J.1    Neuner, G.2
  • 25
    • 0001076309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drought-induced xylem dysfunction in petioles, branches and roots ofPopulus balsamifera L. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn
    • Hacke, U. G., and Sauter, J. J. (1996a). Drought-induced xylem dysfunction in petioles, branches and roots ofPopulus balsamifera L. and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Plant Physiol. 111, 413-417.
    • (1996) Plant Physiol. , vol.111 , pp. 413-417
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sauter, J.J.2
  • 26
    • 0030050555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem dysfunction during winter and recovery of hydraulic conductivity in diffuse-porous and ring-porous trees
    • Hacke, U. G., and Sauter, J. J. (1996b). Xylem dysfunction during winter and recovery of hydraulic conductivity in diffuse-porous and ring-porous trees. Oecologia 105, 435-439.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.105 , pp. 435-439
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sauter, J.J.2
  • 27
    • 0037330318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits of xylem refilling under negative pressure in Laurus nobilis and Acer negundo
    • Hacke, U. G., and Sperry, J. S. (2003). Limits of xylem refilling under negative pressure in Laurus nobilis and Acer negundo. Plant Cell Environ. 26, 303-311.
    • (2003) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.26 , pp. 303-311
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sperry, J.S.2
  • 28
    • 33846842713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (ed.). 92nd Edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis
    • Haynes, W. M. (ed.). (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd Edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis.
    • (2012) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
    • Haynes, W.M.1
  • 30
    • 0036352085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between embolism, stem water tension and diameter change
    • Hölttä, T., Vesala, T., Perämäki, M., and Nikinmaa, E. (2002). Relationships between embolism, stem water tension and diameter change. J. Theor. Biol. 215, 23-38.
    • (2002) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.215 , pp. 23-38
    • Hölttä, T.1    Vesala, T.2    Perämäki, M.3    Nikinmaa, E.4
  • 32
    • 0000518946 scopus 로고
    • Changes in hydraulic conductivity upon freezing of the xylem of Populus x canadensis Moench "robusta. "
    • Just, J., and Sauter, J. J. (1991). Changes in hydraulic conductivity upon freezing of the xylem of Populus x canadensis Moench "robusta. " Trees 5, 117-121.
    • (1991) Trees , vol.5 , pp. 117-121
    • Just, J.1    Sauter, J.J.2
  • 33
    • 0032453611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segregation of solutes and gases in experimental freezing of dilute solutions: Implications for natural glacial systems
    • Killawee, J. A., Fairchild, I. J., Tison, J.-L., Jansen, L., and Lorrain, R. (1998). Segregation of solutes and gases in experimental freezing of dilute solutions: implications for natural glacial systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, 3637-3655.
    • (1998) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.62 , pp. 3637-3655
    • Killawee, J.A.1    Fairchild, I.J.2    Tison, J.-L.3    Jansen, L.4    Lorrain, R.5
  • 34
    • 11544267853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freezing of binary and ternary solutions of H2SO4, HNO3and H2O under stratospheric conditions: Nucleation statistics and experiments
    • in eds M. Kulmala and P. E. Wagner (Tarrytown, NY: Pergamon)
    • Koop, T., Luo, B. P., Biermann, U. M., and Peter, T. (1996). "Freezing of binary and ternary solutions of H2SO4, HNO3and H2O under stratospheric conditions: nucleation statistics and experiments, " in Nucleation and Atmosphere Aerosols, eds M. Kulmala and P. E. Wagner (Tarrytown, NY: Pergamon), 318-321.
    • (1996) Nucleation and Atmosphere Aerosols , pp. 318-321
    • Koop, T.1    Luo, B.P.2    Biermann, U.M.3    Peter, T.4
  • 36
    • 0030900391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem dysfunction caused by water stress and freezing in two species of co-occurring chaparral shrubs
    • Langan, S. J., Ewers, F. W., and Davis, S. D. (1997). Xylem dysfunction caused by water stress and freezing in two species of co-occurring chaparral shrubs. Plant Cell Environ. 20, 425-437.
    • (1997) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.20 , pp. 425-437
    • Langan, S.J.1    Ewers, F.W.2    Davis, S.D.3
  • 37
    • 39749147723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo visualization of the water-refilling process in xylem vessels using x-ray micro-imaging
    • Lee, S.-J., and Kim, Y. (2008). In vivo visualization of the water-refilling process in xylem vessels using x-ray micro-imaging. Ann. Bot. 101, 595-602.
    • (2008) Ann. Bot. , vol.101 , pp. 595-602
    • Lee, S.-J.1    Kim, Y.2
  • 38
    • 0032986230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of freeze-induced embolism in Fagus sylvatica L
    • Lemoine, D., Granier, A., and Cochard, H. (1999). Mechanism of freeze-induced embolism in Fagus sylvatica L. Trees 13, 206-210.
    • (1999) Trees , vol.13 , pp. 206-210
    • Lemoine, D.1    Granier, A.2    Cochard, H.3
  • 39
    • 0032920751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of aqueous transport of CO2 in xylem sap on gas exchange in woody plants
    • Levy, P. E., Meir, P., Allen, S. J., and Jarvis, P. G. (1999). The effect of aqueous transport of CO2 in xylem sap on gas exchange in woody plants. Tree Physiol. 19, 53-58.
    • (1999) Tree Physiol. , vol.19 , pp. 53-58
    • Levy, P.E.1    Meir, P.2    Allen, S.J.3    Jarvis, P.G.4
  • 40
    • 0001743774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new kinematic model for three-dimensional heterogeneous nucleation
    • Liu, X. Y. (1999). A new kinematic model for three-dimensional heterogeneous nucleation. J. Chem. Phys. 111, 1628-1635.
    • (1999) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.111 , pp. 1628-1635
    • Liu, X.Y.1
  • 41
    • 84989071054 scopus 로고
    • Different vulnerabilities of Quercus ilex L. to freeze-and summer drought-induced xylem embolism: An ecological interpretation
    • LoGullo, M. A., and Salleo, S. (1993). Different vulnerabilities of Quercus ilex L. to freeze-and summer drought-induced xylem embolism: an ecological interpretation. Plant Cell Environ. 16, 511-519.
    • (1993) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.16 , pp. 511-519
    • LoGullo, M.A.1    Salleo, S.2
  • 42
    • 77149136136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of osmotic pressure in concentrated aqueous salt solutions
    • Luo, Y., and Roux, B. (2010). Simulation of osmotic pressure in concentrated aqueous salt solutions. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 1, 183-189.
    • (2010) J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , vol.1 , pp. 183-189
    • Luo, Y.1    Roux, B.2
  • 43
    • 0000396194 scopus 로고
    • Winter freezing in relation to the rise of sap in tall trees
    • Lybeck, B. R. (1959). Winter freezing in relation to the rise of sap in tall trees. Plant Physiol. 34, 482-486.
    • (1959) Plant Physiol. , vol.34 , pp. 482-486
    • Lybeck, B.R.1
  • 44
    • 32144446306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized liquid molar volume at the normal boiling point correlation
    • Maloka, I. E. (2005). Generalized liquid molar volume at the normal boiling point correlation. Pet. Sci. Technol. 23, 133-136.
    • (2005) Pet. Sci. Technol. , vol.23 , pp. 133-136
    • Maloka, I.E.1
  • 45
    • 0036955035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vulnerability to freezing-induced xylem cavitation of Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae) in the Chihuahuan desert
    • Martinez-Vilalta, J., and Pockman, W. T. (2002). The vulnerability to freezing-induced xylem cavitation of Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae) in the Chihuahuan desert. Am. J. Bot. 89, 1916-1924.
    • (2002) Am. J. Bot. , vol.89 , pp. 1916-1924
    • Martinez-Vilalta, J.1    Pockman, W.T.2
  • 46
    • 33846361806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embolism formation during freezing in the wood ofPicea abies
    • Mayr, S., Cochard, H., Ameglio, T., and Kikuta, S. B. (2007). Embolism formation during freezing in the wood ofPicea abies. Plant Physiol. 143, 60-67.
    • (2007) Plant Physiol. , vol.143 , pp. 60-67
    • Mayr, S.1    Cochard, H.2    Ameglio, T.3    Kikuta, S.B.4
  • 47
    • 77949336578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freeze-thaw-induced embolism in Pinus contorta: Centrifuge experiments validate the "thaw-expansion hypothesis" but conflict with ultrasonic emission data
    • Mayr, S., and Sperry, J. S. (2010). Freeze-thaw-induced embolism in Pinus contorta: centrifuge experiments validate the "thaw-expansion hypothesis" but conflict with ultrasonic emission data. New Phytol. 185, 1016-1024.
    • (2010) New Phytol. , vol.185 , pp. 1016-1024
    • Mayr, S.1    Sperry, J.S.2
  • 48
    • 0142072023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheid diameter is the key trait determining the extent of freezing-induced embolism in conifers
    • Pittermann, J., and Sperry, J. S. (2003). Tracheid diameter is the key trait determining the extent of freezing-induced embolism in conifers. Tree Physiol. 23, 907-914.
    • (2003) Tree Physiol. , vol.23 , pp. 907-914
    • Pittermann, J.1    Sperry, J.S.2
  • 49
    • 33645806128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of freeze-thaw embolism in conifers. The interaction between cavitation pressure and tracheid size
    • Pittermann, J., and Sperry, J. S. (2006). Analysis of freeze-thaw embolism in conifers. The interaction between cavitation pressure and tracheid size. Plant Physiol. 140, 374-382.
    • (2006) Plant Physiol. , vol.140 , pp. 374-382
    • Pittermann, J.1    Sperry, J.S.2
  • 50
    • 0031014340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freezing-induced xylem cavitation and the northern limit of Larrea tridentata
    • Pockman, W. T., and Sperry, J. S. (1997). Freezing-induced xylem cavitation and the northern limit of Larrea tridentata. Oecologia 109, 19-27.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.109 , pp. 19-27
    • Pockman, W.T.1    Sperry, J.S.2
  • 51
    • 0024656859 scopus 로고
    • Effect of surface roughening on liquid-solid interface velocity
    • Richards, P. M. (1989). Effect of surface roughening on liquid-solid interface velocity. J. Mater. Res. 4, 607-611.
    • (1989) J. Mater. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 607-611
    • Richards, P.M.1
  • 52
    • 77956981631 scopus 로고
    • Freezing in conifer xylem II. Pit aspiration and bubble formation
    • Robson, D. J., McHardy, W. J., and Petty, J. A. (1988). Freezing in conifer xylem II. Pit aspiration and bubble formation. J. Exp. Bot. 39, 1617-1621.
    • (1988) J. Exp. Bot. , vol.39 , pp. 1617-1621
    • Robson, D.J.1    McHardy, W.J.2    Petty, J.A.3
  • 53
    • 0000368365 scopus 로고
    • Freezing in conifer xylem I. Pressure changes and growth velocity of ice
    • Robson, D. J., and Petty, J. A. (1987). Freezing in conifer xylem I. Pressure changes and growth velocity of ice. J. Exp. Bot. 38, 1901-1908.
    • (1987) J. Exp. Bot. , vol.38 , pp. 1901-1908
    • Robson, D.J.1    Petty, J.A.2
  • 54
    • 44649143100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vessel wall vibrations: Trigger for embolism repair?
    • Salleo, S., Trifilo, P., and LoGullo, M. A. (2008). Vessel wall vibrations: trigger for embolism repair? Funct. Plant Biol. 35, 289-297.
    • (2008) Funct. Plant Biol. , vol.35 , pp. 289-297
    • Salleo, S.1    Trifilo, P.2    LoGullo, M.A.3
  • 55
    • 84866831422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at
    • Sanders, R. (1999). Henry's Law Constants. Available at: http://www.mpchmainz.mpg.de/sander/res/henry.html
    • (1999) Henry's Law Constants.
    • Sanders, R.1
  • 56
    • 79551660046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensing embolism in xylem vessels: The role of sucrose as a trigger for refilling
    • Secchi, F., and Zwieniecki, M. A. (2011). Sensing embolism in xylem vessels: the role of sucrose as a trigger for refilling. Plant Cell Environ. 34, 514-524.
    • (2011) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.34 , pp. 514-524
    • Secchi, F.1    Zwieniecki, M.A.2
  • 57
    • 0035280423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-functional study of homogenous bubble nucleation in the stretched Lennard-Jones fluid
    • Shen, V. K., and Debenedetti, P. G. (2001). Density-functional study of homogenous bubble nucleation in the stretched Lennard-Jones fluid. J. Chem. Phys. 114, 4149-4159.
    • (2001) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.114 , pp. 4149-4159
    • Shen, V.K.1    Debenedetti, P.G.2
  • 58
    • 0142090832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical properties and moisture relations of wood
    • in Chap. 3 (Madison, WI: United States Department of Agriculture)
    • Simpson, W., and TenWolde, A. (1999). "Physical properties and moisture relations of wood, " in Wood Handbook, Chap. 3 (Madison, WI: United States Department of Agriculture), 3-25.
    • (1999) Wood Handbook , pp. 3-25
    • Simpson, W.1    TenWolde, A.2
  • 59
    • 0002144478 scopus 로고
    • Limitations on stem water transport and their consequences
    • in ed. B. L. Gartner (San Diego, CA: Academic Press)
    • Sperry, J. S. (1995). "Limitations on stem water transport and their consequences, " in Plant Stems Physiology and Functional Morphology, ed. B. L. Gartner (San Diego, CA: Academic Press), 105-120.
    • (1995) Plant Stems Physiology and Functional Morphology , pp. 105-120
    • Sperry, J.S.1
  • 60
    • 0038606291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of water transport and xylem structure
    • Sperry, J. S. (2003). Evolution of water transport and xylem structure. Int. J. Plant Sci. 164, S115-S127.
    • (2003) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.164
    • Sperry, J.S.1
  • 61
    • 0001484630 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal occurrence of xylem embolism in sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
    • Sperry, J. S., Donnelly, J. R., and Tyree, M. T. (1988). Seasonal occurrence of xylem embolism in sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Am. J. Bot. 75, 1212-1218.
    • (1988) Am. J. Bot. , vol.75 , pp. 1212-1218
    • Sperry, J.S.1    Donnelly, J.R.2    Tyree, M.T.3
  • 62
    • 11944272551 scopus 로고
    • Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous and conifer species
    • Sperry, J. S., and Sullivan, J. E. M. (1992). Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous and conifer species. Plant Physiol. 100, 605-613.
    • (1992) Plant Physiol. , vol.100 , pp. 605-613
    • Sperry, J.S.1    Sullivan, J.E.M.2
  • 63
    • 13444266166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Within-stem oxygen concentration and sap flow in four temperate tree species: Does long-lived xylem parenchyma experience hypoxia?
    • Spicer, R., and Holbrook, N. M. (2005). Within-stem oxygen concentration and sap flow in four temperate tree species: does long-lived xylem parenchyma experience hypoxia? Plant Cell Environ. 28, 192-201.
    • (2005) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.28 , pp. 192-201
    • Spicer, R.1    Holbrook, N.M.2
  • 64
    • 32044462752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embolized conduits of rice (Oryza sativa Poaceae) refill despite negative xylem pressure
    • Stiller, V., Sperry, J. S., and Lafitte, R. (2005). Embolized conduits of rice (Oryza sativa Poaceae) refill despite negative xylem pressure. Am. J. Bot. 92, 1970-1974.
    • (2005) Am. J. Bot. , vol.92 , pp. 1970-1974
    • Stiller, V.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Lafitte, R.3
  • 65
    • 33846262960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of freezing in setting the latitudinal limits of mangrove forests
    • Stuart, S. A., Choat, B., Martin, K. C., Holbrook, N. M., and Ball, M. C. (2007). The role of freezing in setting the latitudinal limits of mangrove forests. New Phytol. 173, 576-583.
    • (2007) New Phytol. , vol.173 , pp. 576-583
    • Stuart, S.A.1    Choat, B.2    Martin, K.C.3    Holbrook, N.M.4    Ball, M.C.5
  • 66
    • 84980187524 scopus 로고
    • Freezing of conifer xylem and the cohesion-tension theory
    • Sucoff, E. (1969). Freezing of conifer xylem and the cohesion-tension theory. Physiol. Plant 22, 424-431.
    • (1969) Physiol. Plant , vol.22 , pp. 424-431
    • Sucoff, E.1
  • 67
    • 0004178982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3rd Edn. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates Inc
    • Taiz, L., and Zeiger, E. (2002). Plant Physiology, 3rd Edn. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates Inc.
    • (2002) Plant Physiology
    • Taiz, L.1    Zeiger, E.2
  • 68
    • 0022264380 scopus 로고
    • On the dissolved surface oxygen supersaturation in the Arctic
    • Top, Z., Martin, S., and Becker, P. (1985). On the dissolved surface oxygen supersaturation in the Arctic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 12, 821-823.
    • (1985) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.12 , pp. 821-823
    • Top, Z.1    Martin, S.2    Becker, P.3
  • 69
    • 0016569318 scopus 로고
    • Critical state of bubbles in liquid-gas solutions
    • Tucker, A. S., and Ward, C. A. (1975). Critical state of bubbles in liquid-gas solutions. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 4801-4808.
    • (1975) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.46 , pp. 4801-4808
    • Tucker, A.S.1    Ward, C.A.2
  • 72
    • 0032712842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The progression of cavitation in earlywood vessels of Fraxinus mandshurica var japonica during freezing and thawing
    • Utsumi, Y., Sano, Y., Funada, R., Fujikawa, S., and Ohtani, J. (1999). The progression of cavitation in earlywood vessels of Fraxinus mandshurica var japonica during freezing and thawing. Plant Physiol. 121, 897-904.
    • (1999) Plant Physiol. , vol.121 , pp. 897-904
    • Utsumi, Y.1    Sano, Y.2    Funada, R.3    Fujikawa, S.4    Ohtani, J.5
  • 73
    • 25144437004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution time series of vessel density in Kenyan mangrove trees reveal a link with climate
    • Verheyden, A., De Ridder, F., Schmitz, N., Beeckman, H., and Koedam, N. (2005). High-resolution time series of vessel density in Kenyan mangrove trees reveal a link with climate. New Phytol. 167, 425-435.
    • (2005) New Phytol. , vol.167 , pp. 425-435
    • Verheyden, A.1    De Ridder, F.2    Schmitz, N.3    Beeckman, H.4    Koedam, N.5
  • 74
    • 0000408983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to crystallization phenomena in sea ice
    • in ed. M. Leppäranta (Helsinki: Helsinki University Press)
    • Wettlaufer, J. S. (1998). "Introduction to crystallization phenomena in sea ice, " in Advanced Study Institute: Physics of Ice-Covered Seas, ed. M. Leppäranta (Helsinki: Helsinki University Press), 105-194.
    • (1998) Advanced Study Institute: Physics of Ice-Covered Seas , pp. 105-194
    • Wettlaufer, J.S.1
  • 75
    • 0022769778 scopus 로고
    • Nucleation rates and bubble stability in water-carbon dioxide solutions
    • Wilt, P. M. (1985). Nucleation rates and bubble stability in water-carbon dioxide solutions. J. Colloid Interface Sci.112, 530-538.
    • (1985) J. Colloid Interface Sci. , vol.112 , pp. 530-538
    • Wilt, P.M.1
  • 76
    • 0032697367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freezing, drying and/or vitrification of membrane-solute-water systems
    • Wolfe, J., and Bryant, G. (1999). Freezing, drying and/or vitrification of membrane-solute-water systems. Cryobiology 39, 103-129.
    • (1999) Cryobiology , vol.39 , pp. 103-129
    • Wolfe, J.1    Bryant, G.2
  • 77
    • 0342859300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frost-induced reversible shrinkage of bark of mature subalpine conifers
    • Zweifel, R., and Häsler, R. (2000). Frost-induced reversible shrinkage of bark of mature subalpine conifers. Agr. Forest Meteorol. 102, 213-222.
    • (2000) Agr. Forest Meteorol. , vol.102 , pp. 213-222
    • Zweifel, R.1    Häsler, R.2
  • 78
    • 0033942554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bordered pit structure and vessel wall surface properties. Implications for embolism repair
    • Zwieniecki, M. A., and Holbrook, N. M. (2000). Bordered pit structure and vessel wall surface properties. Implications for embolism repair. Plant Physiol. 123, 1015-1020.
    • (2000) Plant Physiol. , vol.123 , pp. 1015-1020
    • Zwieniecki, M.A.1    Holbrook, N.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.