Competitive outcomes between two exotic invaders are modified by direct and indirect effects of a native conifer

Oikos

Volumn 122, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 632-640

  Metlen, Kerry L ^a,b   Aschehoug, Erik T ^a   Callaway, Ragan M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA   (United States)

^b THE NATURE CONSERVANCY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLELOPATHY; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; COMPETITION (ECOLOGY); CONIFEROUS TREE; FACILITATION; INHIBITION; INVASIVE SPECIES; NATIVE SPECIES; PRAIRIE; UNDERSTORY;

ROCKY MOUNTAINS;

BROMUS; BROMUS TECTORUM; CENTAUREA; CENTAUREA STOEBE; CONIFEROPHYTA; PINUS PONDEROSA;

EID: 84875610465     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: 16000706     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20792.x     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Abraham J. K. et al. 2009. California native and exotic perennial grasses differ in their response to soil nitrogen, exotic annual grass density, and order of emergence. Plant Ecol. 201: 445-456.
2. Armas C. et al. 2004. Measuring plant interactions: a new comparative index. Ecology 85: 2682-2686.
3. Aschehoug E. T. 2011. Indirect interaction and plant community structure. - PhD thesis, Div. of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT.
4. Barritt A. R. and Facelli J. M. 2001. Effects of Casuarina pauper litter and grove soil on emergence and growth of understory species in arid lands of South Australia. J. Arid Environ. 49: 569-579.
5. Bashkin M. et al. 2003. Soil characteristics and plant exotic species invasions in the Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA. Appl. Soil Ecol. 22: 67-77.
6. Belote R. T. and Weltzin J. F. 2006. Interactions between two co-dominant, invasive plants in the understory of a temperate deciduous forest. Biol. Invas. 8: 1629-1641.
7. Besaw L. M. et al. 2011. Disturbance, resource pulses and invasion: short-term shifts in competitive effects, not growth responses, favour exotic annuals. J. Appl. Ecol. 48: 998-1006.
8. Buss L. W. and Jackson J. B. C. 1979. Competitive networks: nontransitive compeittive relationships in cryptic coral reef environments. Am. Nat. 113: 223-234.
9. Callaway R. M. 2007. Positive interactions and interdependence in plant communities. - Springer.
10. Callaway R. M. and Aschehoug E. T. 2000. Invasive plants versus their new and old neighbors: a mechanism for exotic invasion. Science 290: 521-523.
11. Callaway R. M. and Pennings S. C. 2000. Facilitation may buffer competitive effects: indirect and diffuse interactions among salt marsh plants. Am. Nat. 156: 416-424.
12. Callaway R. M. and Ridenour W. M. 2004. Novel weapons: invasive success and the evolution of increased competitive ability. Front. Ecol. Environ. 2: 436-443.
13. Callaway R. M. et al. 2011. Escape from competition: neighbors reduce Centaurea stoebe performance at home but not away. Ecology 92: 2208-2213.
14. Cappuccino N. and Arnason J. T. 2006. Novel chemistry of invasive exotic plants. Biol. Lett. 2: 189-193.
15. Claassen V. P. and Marler M. 1998. Annual and perennial grass growth on nitrogen-depleted decomposed granite. Restor. Ecol. 6: 175-180.
16. Colvin W. I. and Gliessman S. R. 2011. Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) interference on germination of introduced and native plant species. Allelopathy J. 28: 41-52.
17. Corbin J. D. and D'Antonio C. M. 2004. Competition between native perennial and exotic annual grasses: implications for an historical invasion. Ecology 85: 1273-1283.
18. Cuesta B. et al. 2010. Facilitation of Quercus ilex in Mediterranean shrubland is explained by both direct and indirect interactions mediated by herbs. J. Ecol. 98: 687-696.
19. Davidson D. W. 1980. Some consequences of diffuse competition in a desert ant community. Am. Nat. 116: 92-105.
20. Dormann C. F. and Roxburgh S. H. 2005. Experimental evidence rejects pairwise modelling approach to coexistence in plant communities. Proc. R. Soc. B 272: 1279-1285.
21. Gundale M. J. et al. 2008. Fire, native species, and soil resource interactions regulate the spatio-temporal invasion pattern of Bromus tectorum. Ecography 31: 201-210.
22. Harris G. A. 1967. Some competitive relationships between gropyron spicatum and Bromus tectorum. Ecol. Monogr. 37: 89-111.
23. Hofland-Zijlstra J. D. and Berendse F. 2009. Effects of litters with different concentrations of phenolics on the competition between Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa. Plant Soil 327: 131-141.
24. Holt R. D. 1984. Spatial heterogeneity, indirect interactions, and the coexistence of prey species. Am. Nat. 124: 377-406.
25. Huston M. and Smith T. 1987. Plant succession: life history and competition. Am. Nat. 130: 168-198.
26. Iason G. R. et al. 2005. Does chemical composition of individual Scots pine trees determine the biodiversity of their associated ground vegetation? - Ecol. Lett. 8: 364-369.
27. Inderjit et al. 2011. Volatile chemicals from leaf litter are associated with invasiveness of a neotropical weed in Asia. Ecology 92: 316-324.
28. Kim Y. and Lee E. 2010. Comparison of phenolic compounds and the effects of invasive and native species in East Asia: support for the novel weapons hypothesis. Ecol. Res. 26: 87-94.
29. Laird R. A. and Schamp B. S. 2006. Competitive intransitivity promotes species coexistence. Am. Nat. 168: 182-193.
30. Lamarque L. et al. 2011. Tree invasions: a comparative test of the dominant hypotheses and functional traits. Biol. Invas. 13: 1969-1989.
31. Levine S. H. 1976. Competitive interactions in ecosystems. Am. Nat. 110: 903-910.
32. Levine J. M. 1999. Indirect facilitation: evidence and predictions from a riparian community. Ecology 80: 1762-1769.
33. Levine J. M. et al. 2003. Mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions. Proc. R. Soc. B 270: 775-581.
34. Lodhi M. A. K. and Killingbeck K. T. 1982. Effects of pine-produced chemicals on selected understory species in a Pinus ponderosa community. J. Chem. Ecol. 8: 275-283.
35. Lowe P. N. et al. 2003. Effects of nitrogen availability on competition between Bromus tectorum and Bouteloua gracilis. Plant Ecol. 167: 247-254.
36. Lubchenco J. 1978. Plant species diversity in a marine intertidal community: importance of herbivore food preference and algal competitive abilities. Am. Nat. 112: 23-39.
37. Maron J. L. and Connors P. G. 1996. A native nitrogen-fixing shrub facilitates weed invasion. Oecologia 105: 302-321.
38. Maron J. and Marler M. 2007. Native plant diversity resists invasion at both low and high resource levels. Ecology 88: 2651-2661.
39. Maron J. L. and Marler M. 2008. Effects of native species diversity and resource additions on invader impact. Am. Nat. 172: S18-S33.
40. Metlen K. L. 2010. Using patchy plant invasions to understand how diffuse interactions modify facilitation and competition. - PhD thesis, Div. of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT.
41. Miller T. E. 1994. Direct and indirect species interactions in an early old-field plant community. Am. Nat. 143: 1007-1025.
42. Nektarios P. A. et al. 2005. Allelopathic effects of Pinus halepensis needles on turfgrasses and biosensor plants. Horticult. Sci. 40: 246-250.
43. Newingham B. A. and Belnap J. 2006. Direct effects of soil amendments on field emergence and growth of the invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum L. and the native perennial grass Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth. Plant Soil 280: 29-40.
44. Newingham B. A. and Callaway R. M. 2006. Shoot herbivory on the invasive plant, Centaurea maculosa, does not reduce its competitive effects on conspecifics and natives. Oikos 114: 397-406.
45. Nilsson M. C. et al. 1999. Effects of plant litter species composition and diversity on the boreal forest plant-soil system. Oikos 86: 16-26.
46. Ortega Y. K. and Pearson D. E. 2005. Weak vs strong invaders of natural plant communities: assessing invasibility and impact. Ecol. Appl. 15: 651-661.
47. Ortega Y. K. and Pearson D. E. 2010. Effects of picloram appli cation on community dominants vary with initial levels of spotted knapweed invasion. Invas. Plant Sci. Manage. 3: 70-80.
48. Paine R. T. 1974. Intertidal community structure: experimental studies on the relationship between a dominant competitor and its principal predator. Oecologia 15: 93-120.
49. Parker V. T. and Muller C. H. 1979. Allelopathic dominance by a tree-associated herb in a California annual grassland. Oecologia 37: 315-320.
50. Pearson D. E. et al. 2011. Biotic resistance via granivory: establishment by invasive, naturalized and native asters reflects generalist preference. Ecology 92: 1748-1757.
51. Piemeisel R. L. 1951. Causes affecting change and rate of change in a vegetation of annuals in Idaho. Ecology 32: 53-72.
52. Pierson E. A. and Mack R. N. 1990. The population biology of Bromus tectorum in forests: effect of disturbance, grazing, and litter on seedling establishment and reproduction. Oecologia 84: 526-533.
53. Pierson E. A. et al. 1990. The effect of shading on photosynthesis, growth, and regrowth following defoliation for Bromus tectorum. Oecologia 84: 534-543.
54. Pyke D. A. 1987. Demographic responses of Bromus tectorum and seedlings of Agropyron spicatum to grazing by small mammals: the influence of grazing frequency and plant age. J. Ecol. 75: 825-835.
55. Rabotnov T. A. 1982. Importance of the evolutionary approach to the study of allelopathy. Ékologia 3: 5-8, translated from Russian.
56. Rice K. J. and Nagy E. S. 2000. Oak canopy effects on the distribution patterns of two annual grasses: the role of competition and soil nutrients. Am. J. Bot. 87: 1699-1706.
57. Ridenour W. M. and Callaway R. M. 2001. The relative importance of allelopathy in interference: the effects of an invasive weed on a native bunchgrass. Oecologia 126: 444-450.
58. Schaffner U. et al. 2011. Plant invasions, generalist herbivores, and novel defense weapons. Ecology 92: 829-835.
59. Seabloom E. W. et al. 2003. Competition, seed limitation, disturbance, and reestablishment of California native annual forbs. Ecol. Appl. 13: 575-592.
60. Siemann E. and Rogers W. E. 2003. Changes in light and nitrogen availability under pioneer trees may indirectly facilitate tree invasions of grasslands. J. Ecol. 91: 923-931.
61. Simberloff D. and Von Holle B. 1999. Positive interactions of nonindigenous species: invasional meltdown? - Biol. Invas. 1: 21-32.
62. Strauss S. Y. 1991. Direct, indirect, and cumulative effects of three native herbivores on a shared host plant. Ecology 72: 543-558.
63. Sydes C. and Grime J. P. 1981. Effects of tree leaf litter on herbaceous vegetation in deciduous woodland II. An experimental investigation. J. Ecol. 69: 249-262.
64. Verhoeven K. J. F. et al. 2009. Plant invaders and their novel natural enemies: who is naive? - Ecol. Lett. 12: 107-117.
65. Weidenhamer J. and Romeo J. 2005. Allelopathy as a mechanism for resisting invasion: the case of Polygonella myriophylla. - In: Inderjit (ed.), Invasive plants: ecological and agricultural aspects. Birkhäuser-Verlag, pp. 167-177.
66. Weigelt A. et al. 2007. Identifying mechanisms of competition in multi-species communities. J. Ecol. 95: 53-64.
67. White E. M. et al. 2006. Biotic indirect effects: a neglected concept in invasion biology. Divers. Distrib. 12: 443-455.
68. Wootton J. T. 1993. Indirect effects and habitat use in an intertidal community: interaction chains and interaction modifications. Am. Nat. 141: 71-89.
69. Wootton J. T. 1994. The nature and consequences of indirect effects in ecological communities. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25: 443-466.