Genome Sequencing Unveils a Novel Sea Enterotoxin-Carrying PVL Phage in Staphylococcus aureus ST772 from India

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 2013, Pages

  Prabhakara, Sushma ^a   Khedkar, Supriya ^b   Shambat, Srikanth Mairpady ^d   Srinivasan, Rajalakshmi ^b   Basu, Atanu ^c   Norrby Teglund, Anna ^d   Seshasayee, Aswin Sai Narain ^b   Arakere, Gayathri ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (India)

^b TATA INSTITUTE OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH   (India)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF VIROLOGY   (India)

^d KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; STAPHYLOCOCCUS ENTEROTOXIN;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIOPHAGE PHI 108 PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; BACTERIOPHAGE PHI PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; BACTERIOPHAGE PHI SLT; BACTERIOPHAGE PHI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS 2 MW; BACTERIOPHAGE PHI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS 2958; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOTOXICITY; DNA SEQUENCE; DOWN REGULATION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE SEQUENCE; GROWTH INHIBITION; HLB GENE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INDIA; NEUTROPHIL; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN A GENE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS PHAGE; UPREGULATION;

BACTERIAL TOXINS; BASE SEQUENCE; ENTEROTOXINS; EXOTOXINS; GENOME, BACTERIAL; HEMOLYSIN PROTEINS; HUMANS; INDIA; LEUKOCIDINS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PROPHAGES; RNA, MESSENGER; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

EID: 84875425083     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060013     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Chambers HF, De Leo FR, (2009) Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nature Rev. Microbiol. 7: 629-641.
2. Chambers HF, (2005) Community-Associated MRSA- Resistance and Virulence Converge. New England J Med. 352: 1485-1487.
3. Feng Y, Chen C, Su L, Hu S, Yu J, et al. (2008) Evolution and pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus: lessons learned from genotyping and comparative genomics. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 32: 23-37.
4. Malachowa N, DeLeo FR, (2010) Mobile genetic elements of Staphylococcus aureus. Cellular and Molecular life Sciences 67: 3057-3071.
5. Vandenesch F, Naimi T, Enright MC, Lina G, Nimmo GR, et al. (2003) Community Acquired- Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying PVL genes. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 978-984.
6. Narita S, Kaneko J, Chiba J, Piemont Y, Jarraud S, et al. (2001) Phage conversion of Panton- Valentine Leukocidin in Staphylococcus aureus: molecular analysis of a PVL- converting phage, φSLT. Gene 268: 195-206.
7. Ma XX, Ito T, Chongtrakool P, Hiramatsu K, (2006) Predominance of clones carrying Panton- Valentine Leukocidin genes among Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in Japanese hospitals from 1979 to 1985. Journal of Clin Microbiol 44: 4515-4527.
8. Ma XX, Ito T, Kondo Y, Cho M, Yoshizawa Y, et al. (2008) Two different Panton- Valentine Leukocidin phage lineages predominate in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol 46: 3246-3258.
9. Zhang M, Ito T, Li S, Jin J, Takeuchi F, et al. (2011) Identification of the third type of PVL phage in ST59 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. FEMS Microbiol Lett 323: 20-28.
10. Diep BA, Palazzolo-Balance AM, Tattevin P, Basuino L, Braughton KR, et al. (2008) Contribution of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis. PLoS ONE 3: e3198.
11. Tong A, Tong SYC, Zhang Y, Lamlertthon S, Sharma-Kuinkel BK, et al. (2012) Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Is Not the Primary Determinant of Outcome for Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections: Evaluation from the CANVAS Studies. PLoS ONE 7: e37212.
12. Yoong P, Pier GB, (2012) Immune-activating properties of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) improves the outcome in a model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia. Infec. Immun 80: 2894-2904.
13. Graves SF, Kobayashi SD, Braughton KR, Whitney AR, Sturdevant DE, et al. (2012) Sublytic concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin alter human PMN gene expression and enhance bactericidal capacity. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 92: 362-374.
14. Perret M, Badiou C, Lina G, Burbaud S, Benito Y, et al. (2012) Cross-talk between S. aureus leukocidins-intoxicated macrophages and lung epithelial cells triggers chemokines secretion in an inflammasome-dependent manner. Cellular Microbiology 14: 1019-1036.
15. Tattevin P, Schwartz BS, Graber CS, Volinski J, Bhukhen A, et al. (2012) Concurrent Epidemics of Skin and Soft Tissue Infection and Bloodstream Infection due to Community-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clin. Inf. Dis 55: 781-8.
16. Shambat SM, Nadig S, Prabhakara S, Bes M, Etienne J, et al. (2012) Clonal complexes and virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus from several cities in India. BMC Microbiology 12: 64.
17. D'Souza N, Rodrigues C, Mehta A, (2010) Molecular characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with emergence of epidemic clones of sequence type ST 22 and ST772 in Mumbai, India. J. Clin. Microbiol 48: 1806-1811.
18. Nadig S, Velusamy N, Lalitha P, Kar S, Sharma S, et al. (2012) Staphylococcus aureus eye infections in two Indian hospitals: emergence of ST772 as a major clone. Clinical Ophthalmology 6: 165-173.
19. Afroz S, Kobayashi N, Nagashima S, Alam MM, Hossain AB, et al. (2008) Genetic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes in Bangladesh. Jpn. J.Infect Dis. 61: 393-396.
20. Neela V, Ehsanollah GR, Zamberi S, Van Belkum A, Mariana NS, (2009) Prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes among carriage and invasive Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Malaysia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 13: e131-e132.
21. Boakes E, Kearns AM, Ganner M, Perry C, Hill RL, et al. (2010) Distinct Bacteriophages Encoding Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) among International Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones Harboring PVL. J. Clin Microbiol 49: 684-692.
22. Brennan GI, Shore AC, Corcoran S, Tecklenborg S, Coleman DC, et al. (2012) Emergence of hospital- and community-associated Panton-Valentine leukocidinpositive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus genotype ST772-MRSA-V in Ireland and detailed investigation of a ST772-MRSA-V cluster in a neonatal intensive care unit. J. Clin.Microbiol 50: 841-847.
23. Yamaguchi T, Nakamura I, Chiba K, Matsumoto T, (2012) Epidemiological and Microbiological Analysis of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from a Japanese Hospital. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis 65: 175-178.
24. Zanger P, Nurjadi D, Schleucher R, Scherbaum H, Wolz CP, et al. (2012) Import and Spread of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Through Nasal Carriage and Skin Infections in Travelers Returning From the Tropics and Subtropics. Clin. Infect. Dis 54: 483-488.
25. Prabhakara S, Khedkar S, Loganathan RM, Chandana S, Gowda M, et al. (2012) Genome announcement: Draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus 118 (ST772), a major disease clone from India. J Bacteriol 194: 3727-8.
26. van Wamel WJ, Rooijakkers SH, Ruyken M, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, (2006) The Innate Immune modulators Staphylococcal Complement Inhibitor and Chemotaxis Inhibitory Protein of Staphylococcus aureus Are Located on β-Hemolysin-Converting Bacteriophages. J. Bacteriol 188: 1310-1315.
27. Cao R, Zeaki N, Wallin-Carlquist N, Skandamis PN, Schelin J, et al. (2012) Elevated Enterotoxin A Expression and Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and its Association with Prophage Induction. App. Environ. Microbiol 78: 4942-8.
28. Queck SY, Jameson- Lee M, Villaruz AE, Bach TL, Khan BA, et al. (2008) RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus. Mol Cell 32: 150-158.
29. Dauwalder O, Thomas D, Ferry T, Debard AL, Badiou C, et al. (2006) Comparative inflammatory properties of staphylococcal superantigenic enterotoxins SEA and SEG: implications for septic shock. J Leukoc Biol 80: 753-758.
30. Schelin J, Wallin-Carlquist N, Cohn MT, Lindqvist R, Barker GC, et al. (2011) The formation of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin in food environments and advances in risk assessment. Virulence 2: 580-592.
31. Wirtz C, Witte W, Wolz C, Goerke C, (2009) Transcription of the phage encoded Panton-Valentine leukocidin of Staphylococcus aureus is dependent on the phage life-cycle and on the host background. Microbiology 155: 3491-3499.
32. Boakes E, Kearns AM, Badiou C, Lina G, Hill RL, et al. (2012) Do Differences in Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Production among International Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones Affect Disease Presentation and Severity? J. Clin. Microbiol. 50: 1773-1776.
33. Otter JA, Kearns AM, French GL, Elligton MJ, (2010) Panton-Valentine leukocidin- encoding bacteriophage and the gene sequence variation in community- associated methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical microbiology and infection 16: 68-73.
34. Goerke C, Pantucek R, Holtfreter S, Schulte B, Zink M, et al. (2009) Diversity of prophages in dominant Staphylococcus aureus clonal lineages. J. Bacteriol 191: 3462-3468.
35. Sambrook J, Russell DW (2001) Molecular cloning: A Laboratory Manual. CSHL Press. Third edition: volume 1.
36. Zerbino DR, Birney E, (2008) Velvet: algorithms for de novo short read assembly using de Bruijn graphs. Genome Res 18: 821-829.
37. Leinonen R (2011) The European Nucleotide Archive. http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/39/suppl_1/D28. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq967.
38. Raphae L, Aline H, Shoshana JW, Ariane T, (2004) ACLAME: A classifcation of Mobile genetic Elements. Nucleic Acids Research 32: 45-49.
39. Delcher A, Harmon D, Kasif S, White O, Salzberg S, (1999) Improved microbial gene identification with GLIMMER. Nucl. Acids Res 27: 4636-4641.
40. Rice P, Longden I, Bleasby A, (2000) EMBOSS: The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite. Trends in Genetics 16: 276-277.
41. Yeung KY, Ruzzo WL, (2001) Principal Component Analysis for clustering gene expression data. Bioinformatics 17: 763-774.
42. Page RDM, (1996) TREEVIEW: An application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers. Computer Applications in the Biosciences 12: 357-358.
43. Fortier LC, Moineau S, (2007) Morphological and Genetic Diversity of Temperate Phages in Clostridium difficile,Appl Environ Microbiol. 73: 7358-7366.
44. Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD, (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using realtime quantitative PCR and the 2[-Delta Delta (CT)] Method. Methods 25: 402-408.
45. Nguyen HM, Rocha MA, Chintalacharuvu KR, Beenhouwer DO, (2010) Detection and quantification of Panton-Valentine leukocidin in Staphylococcus aureus cultures by ELISA and Western blotting: Diethylpyrocarbonate inhibits binding of protein A to IgG. J.Immunol Methods 356: 1-5.
46. Darenberg J, Söderquist B, Normark BH, Norrby-Teglund A, (2004) Differences in potency of intravenous polyspecific immunoglobulin G against streptococcal and staphylococcal superantigens: implications for therapy of toxic shock syndrome. Clin Infect Dis 38: 836-42.