On the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: G is the key

Psychological Assessment

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 136-145

  Brouwer, Danny ^a,b   Meijer, Rob R ^c   Zevalkink, Jolien ^d  

^a Netherlands Psychoanalytic Institute   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^d RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

BDI II; Bifactor model; Dimensionality; Factor structure

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS; ARTICLE; BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; CLINICAL INDICATOR; CONSTRUCT VALIDITY; CRITERION VARIABLE; DATA ANALYSIS; DEPRESSION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INSTRUMENT VALIDATION; INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURES; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTPATIENT; PROCESS MODEL; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

ADULT; DEPRESSION; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 84875316732     PISSN: 10403590     EISSN: 1939134X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0029228     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Al-Turkait, F. A., & Ohaeri, J. U. (2010). Dimensional and hierarchical models of depression using the Beck Depression Inventory-II in an Arab college student sample. BMC Psychiatry, 10, 60-74.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Arnau, R. C., Meagher, M. W., Norris, M. P., & Bramson, R. (2001). Psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with primary care medical patients. Health Psychology, 20, 112-119.
4. Arrindell, W. A., & Ettema, J. (1986). SCL-90: Een multidimensionele psychopathologie-indicator [SCL-90: Manual for a multidimensional indicator of psychopathology]. Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
5. Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. (2009). Exploratory structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 16, 397-438.
6. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., Ball, R., & Ranieri, W. (1996). Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories -IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67, 588-597.
7. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
8. Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., Brown, G.K., & van der Does, A.J.W. (2002). BDI-II-NL handleiding [BDI-II-Dutch manual]. Lisse, the Netherlands: Psychological Corporation
9. Bentler, P. M. (2009). Alpha, dimension-free, and model-based internal consistency reliability. Psychometrika, 74, 137-143.
10. Brouwer, D., Meijer, R. R., Weekers, A. M., & Baneke, J. J. (2008). On the dimensionality of the Dispositional Hope Scale. Psychological Assessment, 20, 310-315.
11. Brunner, M., Nagy, G., & Wilhelm, O. (2011). A tutorial on hierarchically structured constructs. Journal of Personality. Advance online publication.
12. Buckley, T. C., Parker, J. D., & Heggie, J. (2001). A psychometric evaluation of the BDI-II in treatment seeking substance abusers. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 20, 197-204.
13. Cai, L., Thissen, D., & du Toit, S. (2011). IRTPRO 2.1 for Windows [Computer software]. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.
14. Cai, L., Yang, J. S., & Hansen, M. (2011). Generalized full-information item bifactor analyses. Psychological Methods, 16, 221-248.
15. Carroll, J. B. (1995). On methodology in the study of cognitive abilities. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 30, 429-452.
16. Chen, F.F., West, S.G., & Sousa, K.H. (2006). A comparison of bifactor and second-order models of quality of life. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 41, 189-225.
17. Cook, K.F., Kallen, M.A., & Amtmann, D. (2009). Having a fit: Impact of number of items and distribution of data on traditional criteria for assessing IRT's unidimensionality assumption. Quality of Life Research, 18, 447-460.
18. Derogatis, L. R. (1983). SCL-90-R: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual (2nd ed.). Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research. Dozois, D. J. A., Dobson, K. S., & Ahnberg, J. L. (1998). A psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Psychological Assessment, 10, 83-89.
19. Dozois, D.J.A., Dobson, K.S., & Ahnberg, J.L. (1998). A psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Psychological Assessment, 10, 83-89.
20. Emmons, R.A. (1995). Levels and domains in personality: An introduction. Journal of Personality, 63, 341-364.
21. Gibbons, R.D., & Hedeker, D.R. (1992). Full-information item bi-factor analysis. Psychometrika, 57, 423-436.
22. Gibbons, R.D., Rush, A. J., & Immekus, J.C. (2009). On the psychometric validity of the domains of the PDSQ: An illustration of the bi-factor item response theory model. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43, 401-410.
23. Gignac, G.E. (2005). Revisiting the factor structure of the WAIS-R: Insights through nested factor modeling. Assessment, 12, 320-329.
24. Gignac, G.E. (2006). The WAIS-III as a nested factors model: A useful alternative to the more conventional oblique and higher-order models. Journal of Individual Differences, 27, 73-86.
25. Gignac, G.E. (2007). Multi-factor modeling in individual differences research: Some recommendations and suggestions. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 37-48.
26. Gignac, G. E. (2008). Higher-order models versus direct hierarchical models: g as superordinate or breadth factor? Psychology Science Quarterly, 50, 21-43.
27. Gustafsson, J.-E., & Åberg-Bengtsson, L. (2010). Unidimensionality and the interpretability of psychological instruments. In S. E. Embretson (Ed.), Measuring psychological constructs: Advances in model-based approaches (pp. 97-121). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
28. Holzinger, K. J., & Swineford, F. (1937). The bi-factor method. Psychometrika, 2, 41-54.
29. Horowitz, L. M., Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S., & Pincus, A. L. (2000). IIP: Inventory of Interpersonal Problems: Manual. New York, NY: Psychological Corporation.
30. Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to unparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3, 424-453.
31. Hunsley, J., & Meyer, G. J. (2003). The incremental validity of psychological testing and assessment: Conceptual, methodological, and statistical issues. Psychological Assessment, 15, 446-455.
32. Mardia, K.V. (1970). Measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis with applications. Biometrika, 57, 519-530.
33. Meijer, R. R., de Vries, R. M., & van Bruggen, V. (2011). An evaluation of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 using item response theory: Which items are most strongly related to psychological distress? Psychological Assessment, 23, 193-202.
34. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2006). Mplus user's guide (4th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
35. Nelson-Gray, R. O. (2003). Treatment utility of psychological assessment. Psychological Assessment, 15, 521-531.
36. Osman, A., Barrios, F. X., Gutierrez, P. M., Williams, J. E., & Bailey, J. (2008). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in nonclinical adolescent samples. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64, 83-102.
37. Osman, A., Downs, W. R., Barrios, F. X., Kopper, B. A., Gutierrez, P. M., & Chiros, C. E. (1997). Factor structure and psychometric characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 19, 359-376.
38. Quilty, L. C., Zhang, A. Z., & Bagby, R. M. (2010). The latent symptom structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in outpatients with major depression. Psychological Assessment, 22, 603-608.
39. R Development Core Team. (2010). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from http://www.r-project.org
40. Reise, S. P. (in press). The rebirth of bifactor measurement models. Multivariate Behavioral Research.
41. Reise, S. P., Moore, T. N., & Haviland, M. G. (2010). Bifactor models and rotations: Exploring the extent to which multidimensional data yield univocal scale scores. Journal of Personality Assessment, 92, 544-559.
42. Reise, S. P., Morizot, J., & Hays, R. D. (2007). The role of the bifactor model in resolving dimensionality issues in health outcome measures. Quality of Life Research, 16, 19-31.
43. Reise, S. P., Scheines, R., Widaman, K. F., & Haviland, M. G. (2012). Multidimensionality and structural coefficient bias in structural equation modeling: A bifactor perspective. Manuscript submitted for publication.
44. Revelle, W. (2012). Psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research (R package Version 1.2.1) [Computer software]. Retrieved from http://personality-project.org/r
45. Schmid, J., & Leiman, J. N. (1957). The development of hierarchical factor solutions. Psychometrika, 22, 53-61.
46. Simms, L. J., Grös, D. F., Watson, D., & O'Hara, M. W. (2008). Parsing the general and specific components of depression and anxiety with bifactor modeling. Depression and Anxiety, 25, E34-E46.
47. Sinharay, S., Puhan, G., & Haberman, S. J. (2010). Reporting diagnostic scores in educational testing: Temptations, pitfalls, and some solutions. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 45, 553-573.
48. Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
49. Steer, R. A., Ball, R., Ranieri, W. F., & Beck, A. T. (1999). Dimensions of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in clinically depressed outpatients. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 117-128.
50. Ten Berge, J. M. F., & Sočan, G. (2004). The greatest lower bound to the reliability of a test and the hypothesis of unidimensionality. Psychometrika, 69, 613-625.
51. Van der Ploeg, H. M. (2000). Handleiding bij de zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijst, een Nederlandstalige bewerking van de Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [Manual of the Self-Assessment Questionnaire: A Dutch revision of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory]. Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets.
52. Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., Groenvynck, H., Rosseel, Y., & Fontaine, J. (2008). The factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: An evaluation. Assessment, 15, 177-187.
53. Viljoen, J. L., Grant, L. I., Griffiths, S., & Woodward, T. S. (2003). Factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a medical outpatient sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 10, 289- 291.
54. Ward, L. C. (2006). Comparison of factor structure models for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Psychological Assessment, 18, 81-88.
55. Watkins, M. W. (2010). Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition among a national sample of referred students. Psychological Assessment, 22, 782-787.
56. Yung, Y.-F., Thissen, D., & McLeod, L. D. (1999). On the relationship between the higher-order factor model and the hierarchical factor model. Psychometrika, 64, 113-128.
57. h: Their relations with each other and two alternative conceptualizations of reliability. Psychometrika, 70, 123-133.