Primary high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the esophagus: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 42 resection cases

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 467-483

  Huang, Qin ^a,b,c   Wu, Hongyan ^a   Nie, Ling ^a   Shi, Jiong ^a   Lebenthal, Abraham ^c,d   Chen, Jieyu ^a   Sun, Qi ^a   Yang, Jun ^a   Huang, Lily ^a   Ye, Qing ^a  

^a HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine   (China)

^c VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d TULANE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

carcinoma; Esophagus; neuroendocrine; small cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma

Indexed keywords

TUMOR MARKER;

AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER INVASION; CANCER STAGING; CARCINOMA; CARCINOMA IN SITU; ESOPHAGUS TUMOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MALE; METABOLISM; METASTASIS; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PATHOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; SURVIVAL RATE; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

AGED; CARCINOMA IN SITU; CARCINOMA, NEUROENDOCRINE; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; ESOPHAGEAL NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM INVASIVENESS; NEOPLASM STAGING; PROGNOSIS; SURVIVAL RATE; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 84875228136     PISSN: 01475185     EISSN: 15320979     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31826d2639     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Arnold R, Capella C, Klimstra DS, et al. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the oesophagus. In: Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, et al, eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System. Lyon: IARC; 2010:32-34.
2. McKeon F. Oat-cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1952;64:889-891.
3. Chen SB, Yang JS, Yang WP, et al. Treatment and prognosis of limited disease primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 2011;24:114-119.
4. Law SY, Fok M, Lam KY, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer. 1994;73:2894-2899.
5. Li AF, Hsu HS, Hsu CY, et al. A 20-year retrospective study of small-cell carcinomas in Taiwan. J Surg Oncol. 2010;102:497-502.
6. Li AF, Li AC, Hsu CY, et al. Small cell carcinomas in gastrointestinal tract: immunohistochemical and clinicopathological features. J Clin Pathol. 2010;63:620-625.
7. Li X, Zhang D, Lai R. A clinicopathological study of small-cell esophageal carcinoma. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 1996;18:395-397.
8. Yun JP, Zhang MF, Hou JH, et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 21 cases. BMC Cancer. 2007;7:38.
9. Hosokawa A, Shimada Y, Matsumura Y, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Analysis of 14 cases and literature review. Hepatogastroenterology. 2005;52:1738-1741.
10. Mitani M, Kuwabara Y, Shinoda N, et al. Long-term survivors after the resection of limited esophageal small cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 2000;13:259-261.
11. Tanaka T, Matono S, Nagano T, et al. Surgical management for small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 2010;23:502-505.
12. Bennouna J, Bardet E, Deguiral P, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: analysis of 10 cases and review of the published data. Am J Clin Oncol. 2000;23:455-459.
13. Huncharek M, Muscat J. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The Massachusetts General Hospital experience, 1978 to 1993. Chest. 1995;107:179-181.
14. Ku GY, Minsky BD, Rusch VW, et al. Small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction: review of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience. Ann Oncol. 2008;19:533-537.
15. Nichols GL, Kelsen DP. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. The Memorial Hospital experience 1970 to 1987. Cancer. 1989;64: 1531-1533.
16. Poynton AR, Walsh TN, Kelly A, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1997;23:509-512.
17. Reyes CV, Chejfec G, Jao W, et al. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the esophagus. Ultrastruct Pathol. 1980;1:367-376.
18. Craig SR, Carey FA, Walker WS, et al. Primary small-cell cancer of the esophagus. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995;109:284-288.
19. Duan HB, Wu HY, Su XD, et al. Clinical analysis of 33 cases of primary esophageal small cell carcinoma. Ai Zheng. 2007;26:771-774.
20. Kuo CH, Hsieh CC, Chan ML, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a report of 16 cases from a single institution and literature review. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;91:373-378.
21. Lv J, Liang J, Wang J, et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3:1460-1465.
22. Sun KL, He J, Cheng GY, et al. Management of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Chin Med J. 2007;120:355-358.
23. Vos B, Rozema T, Miller RC, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a multicentre Rare Cancer Network study. Dis Esophagus. 2011;24:258-264.
24. Maru DM, Khurana H, Rashid A, et al. Retrospective study of clinicopathologic features and prognosis of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the esophagus. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:1404-1411.
25. Takubo K, Nakamura K, Sawabe M, et al. Primary undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Hum Pathol. 1999;30:216-221.
26. Jatoi A, Miller RC. Should we recommend surgery to patients with limited small cell carcinoma of the esophagus? J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3:1373-1376.
27. Koide N, Saito H, Suzuki A, et al. Clinicopathologic features and histochemical analyses of proliferative activity and angiogenesis in small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Gastroenterol. 2007;42:932-938.
28. McFadden DW, Rudnicki M, Talamini MA. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Thorac Surg. 1989;47:477-480.
29. Chin K, Baba S, Hosaka H, et al. Irinotecan plus cisplatin for therapy of small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus: report of 12 cases from single institution experience. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2008;38:426-431.
30. Lu J, Xue LY, Lu N, et al. Superficial primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 15 cases. Dis Esophagus. 2010;23:153-159.
31. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Muller-Hermelink HK, et al. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. Lyon: IARC; 2004:31-50.
32. Huang Q, Fan XS, Odze RD, et al. Comparison of gastroesophageal junction carcinomas in Chinese versus American patients. Histopathology. 2011;59:188-197.
33. Huang Q, Shi J, Lauwers GY, et al. Distal esophageal carcinomas in Chinese patients vary widely in histopathology, but adenocarcinomas remain rare. Hum Pathol. 2012; June [Epub ahead of print].
34. Huang Q. Definition of the esophagogastric injunction: a critical mini review. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135:384-389.
35. DeNardi FG, Riddell RH. Esophagus. In: Stacey EM, ed. Histology for Pathologists. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007:565-588.
36. Huang Q, Muzitansky A, Mark E. Pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma. A review of 234 cases and a statistical analysis of 50 cases treated at one institution using a simple clinicopathological classification. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002;126:545-553.
37. Travis WD, Linnoila RI, Tsokos MG, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. An ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1991;15:529-553.
38. Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010:103-111.
39. Bishop JA, Westra WH. Human papillomavirus-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35:1679-1684.
40. Nicholson SA, Beasley MB, Brambilla E, et al. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC): a clinicopathologic study of 100 cases with surgical specimens. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:1184-1197.
41. Harmse JL, Carey FA, Baird AR, et al. Merkel cells in the human oesophagus. J Pathol. 1999;189:176-179.
42. Suh YS, Han DS, Kong SH, et al. Should adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction be classified as esophageal cancer? A comparative analysis according to the seventh AJCC TNM classification. Ann Surg. 2012;255:908-915.
43. Liu W, Hao XS, Jin Y, et al. Analysis of clinicopathologic features of esophageal cancer patients after surgery-a report of 4329 cases. Chin J Clin Oncol. 2008;25:241-244.
44. Mori M, Matsukuma A, Adachi Y, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer. 1989;63:564-573.
45. Bibeau F, Chateau MC, Guiu M, et al. Small cell carcinoma with concomitant adenocarcinoma arising in a Barrett's oesophagus: report of a case with a favourable behaviour. Virchows Arch. 2008; 452:103-107.
46. Ho KJ, Herrera GA, Jones JM, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: evidence for a unified histogenesis. Hum Pathol. 1984; 15:460-468.
47. Medgyesy CD, Wolff RA, Ajani JA, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience and literature review. Cancer. 2000;88:262-267.
48. Huang Q, Fang DC, Yu CG, et al. Barrett's esophagus-related diseases remain uncommon in China. J Dig Dis. 2011;12:420-427.
49. Wang J, Zhu SC, Han C, et al. Significance of microscopic extension from 1162 esophageal carcinoma specimens. Chin J Radiat Oncol. 2007;16:6-9.
50. Wu Z, Ma JY, Yang JJ, et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus: report of 9 cases and review of literature. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10:3680-3682.
51. Briggs JC, Ibrahim NBN. Oat cell carcinoma of the oesophagus: A clinicopathological study of 23 cases. Histopathology. 1983;7: 261-277.
52. Lo Muzio L, Santarelli A, Caltabiano R, et al. p63 overexpression associates with poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2005;36:187-194.
53. Takahashi Y, Noguchi T, Takeno S, et al. Reduced expression of p63 has prognostic implications for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep. 2006;15:323-328.
54. Marchevsky AM, Gal AA, Shah S, et al. Morphometry confirms the presence of considerable nuclear size overlap between "small cells" and "large cells" in high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001;116:466-472.
55. Shia J, Tang LH, Weiser MR, et al. Is nonsmall cell type high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the tubular gastrointestinal tract a distinct disease entity? Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:719-731.
56. Matsusaka T, Watanabe H, Enjoji M. Anaplastic carcinoma of the esophagus. Report of three cases and their histogenetic consideration. Cancer. 1976;37:1352-1358.
57. Moran CA, Suster S, Coppola D, et al. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung: a critical analysis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;131:206-221.
58. McCluggage WG, Kennedy K, Busam KJ. An immunohistochemical study of cervical neuroendocrine carcinomas: neoplasms that are commonly TTF-1 positive and which may express CK20 and P63. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:525-532.
59. Nekulova M, Holcakova J, Coates P, et al. The role of p63 in cancer, stem cells and cancer stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2011; 16:296-327.
60. Oezcelik A, Kaiser GM, Niebel W, et al. Ten-year survival of esophageal cancer after an en-bloc esophagectomy. J Surg Oncol. 2012;105:284-287.
61. Yachida S, Matsushita K, Usuki H, et al. Long-term survival after resection for small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;72:596-597.