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The top five contributors to the US female shortfall in life expectancy at birth are noncommunicable diseases excluding cardiovascular disease (56 percent), cardiovascular disease (21 percent), transport injuries (8 percent), nontransport injuries (7 percent), and perinatal conditions (5 percent).
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The top five contributors to the US male shortfall in life expectancy at birth are cardiovascular disease (28 percent), noncommunicable diseases excluding cardiovascular disease (19 percent), transport injuries (14 percent), nontransport injuries (13 percent), and homicide (13 percent).
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Although not the main focus of this paper, socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy are sizeable within the United States. In 2000 life expectancy differentials at age twenty-five between those with high and low education were eight and five years among males and females, respectively. See Note 41 Among adults ages 50-74, Americans at all wealth levels were less healthy than their European counterparts, but Americans in the lowest wealth tertile experienced the largest health disadvantage. See Note 42
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