Do ray cells provide a pathway for radial water movement in the stems of conifer trees?

American Journal of Botany

Volumn 100, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 322-331

  Barnard, David M ^a,d   Lachenbruch, Barbara ^a   McCulloh, Katherine A ^a   Kitin, Peter ^b   Meinzer, Frederick C ^c  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY   (United States)

^c PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

^d Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery   (United States)

Author keywords

Conifers; Drought; Hydraulic architecture; Hydraulic conductivity; Radial conductivity; Ray parenchyma; Ray tracheids; Xylem anatomy

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ANATOMY; CELL ORGANELLE; CONIFEROUS TREE; DATA SET; DYE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; INFILTRATION; MORPHOLOGY; MOVEMENT; SAP FLOW; STEM; XYLEM;

ARTICLE; CELL WALL; CYTOLOGY; DOUGLAS FIR; ECOSYSTEM; HISTOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PLANT STEM; PONDEROSA PINE; TREE; WOOD;

CELL WALL; ECOSYSTEM; PINUS PONDEROSA; PLANT STEMS; PSEUDOTSUGA; TREES; WATER; WOOD;

CASCADE RANGE; OREGON; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84874990938     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1200333     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Bamber, R. K. 1976. Heartwood, its function and formation. Wood Science and Technology 10: 1-8.
2. Bannan, M. W. 1937. Observations on the distribution of xylem-ray tissue in conifers. Annals of Botany 1: 717-726.
3. Barnard, D. M., F.C. Meinzer, B. Lachenbruch, K.A. Mcculloh, D.M. Johnson and D. R. Woodruff. 2011. Climate-related trends in sap-wood biophysical properties in two conifers: Avoidance of hydraulic dysfunction through coordinated adjustments in xylem efficiency, safety and capacitance. Plant, Cell & Environment 34: 643-654.
4. Burns, R. M., and B. H. Honkala. 1990. Silvics of North America, vol. 1. Agricultural Handbook 654. USDA Forest Service, Washington, D.C., USA.
5. Chrispeels, M. J. and C Maurel. 1994. Aquaporins: The molecular basis of facilitated water movement through living plant cells? Plant Physiology 105: 9-13.
6. Cochard, H. 1992. Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism. Tree Physiology 11: 73-83.
7. Coté, W. A. and A C Day. 1969. Wood ultra-structure of the southern yellow pines. Technical Publication No. 95, State University College of Forestry at Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
8. De Boer, A. H. and V Volkov. 2003. Logistics of water and salt transport through the plant: Structure and functioning of the xylem. Plant, Cell & Environment 26: 87-101.
9. Denne P and S Turner. 2009. Ray structure differences between root wood and stem wood in a range of softwood species. International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal 30: 71-80.
10. Domec, J.-C. and B L Gartner. 2002. How do water transport and water storage differ in coniferous earlywood and latewood? Journal of Experimental Botany 53: 2369-2379.
11. Domec, J.-C., F. C. Meinzer, B. L. Gartner and D. R. Woodruff. 2006. Transpiration-induced axial and radial tension gradients in trunks of Douglasfir trees. Tree Physiology 26: 275-284.
12. Domec, J.-C., M. L. Pruyn and B. L. Gartner. 2005. Axial and radial profiles in conductivities, water storage and native embolism in trunks of young and old-growth ponderosa pine trees. Plant, Cell & Environment 28: 1103-1113.
13. Ford, C. R., C. E. Goranson, R. J. Mitchell, R J Will and R. O. Teskey 2004a. Diurnal and seasonal variability in the radial distribution of sap flow: Predicting total stem flow in Pinus taeda trees. Tree Physiology 24: 951-960.
14. Ford, C. R., M. A. McGuire, R. J. Mitchell and R. O. Teskey. 2004b. Assessing variation in the radial profile of sap flux density in Pinus species and its effect on daily water use. Tree Physiology 24: 241-249.
15. Fuchs M, K. Ehlers, T. Will and A. J. E. van Bel. 2010. Immuno-localization indicates plasmodesmatal trafficking of storage proteins during cambial reactivation in Populus nigra. Annals of Botany 106: 385-394.
16. Gartner, B. L. 1995. Plant stems: Physiology and functional morphology. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
17. Gartner, B. L., D. C. Baker and R S picer. 2000. Distribution and vitality of xylem rays in relation to tree leaf area in Douglasfir. International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal 21: 389-401.
18. Gartner, B. L. and F C Meinzer. 2005. Structure-function relationships in sapwood water transport and storage. In M. Zwieniecki and N. M. Holbrook [eds.], Vascular transport in plants, 307-331. Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford, UK.
19. Gordon, M. 1912. Ray tracheids in Sequoia sempervirens. New Phytologist 11: 1-7.
20. Gregory R. A. and J. A. Romberger. 1975. Cambial activity and height of uniseriate vascular rays in conifers. Botanical Gazette 136: 246-253.
21. H oadley, R. B. 1990. Identifying wood: Accurate results with simple tools. Taunton Press, Newtown, Connecticut, USA.
22. James, S. A., F. C. Meinzer, G Goldsteinet-aletal/et-al. 2003. Axial and radial water transport and internal water storage in tropical forest canopy trees. Oecologia 134: 37-45.
23. Kitin P, T Fujii, H Abe and K Takata. 2009. Anatomical features that facilitate radial flow across growth rings and from xylem to cambium in Cryptomeria japonica. Annals of Botany 103: 1145-1157.
24. Kitin, P., S. L. Voelker, F. C. Meinzer, H Beeckman, S. H. Strauss and B L achenbruch. 2010. Tyloses and phenolic deposits in xylem vessels impede water transport in low-lignin transgenic poplars: A study by cryo-fluorescence microscopy. Plant Physiology 154: 887-898.
25. Koran, Z. 1977. Tangential pitting in black spruce tracheids. Wood Science and Technology 11: 115-123.
26. Laming, P. B. and P. B. H. Welle. 1971. Anomalous tangential pitting in Picea abies Karst. (European spruce). International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal 4: 3-10.
27. Lassen, L. E. and E A Okkonen. 1969. Sapwood thickness of Douglas-fir and five other western softwoods. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Research Paper FPL-124, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
28. Lev-Yadun, S. 1998. The relationship between growth-ring width and ray density and ray height in cell number in the earlywood of Pinus hal-pensis and Pinus pinea. International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal 19: 131-139.
29. Lev-Yadun S and R Aloni. 1995. Differentiation of the ray system in woody plants. Botanical Review 61: 45-75.
30. Lovisolo C and A S chubert. 2006. Mercury hinders recovery of shoot hydraulic conductivity during grapevine rehydration: Evidence from a whole plant approach. New Phytologist 172: 469-478.
31. MacKay, J. F. G. and P. E. Weatherly. 1973. The effects of transverse cuts through the stems of transpiring woody plants on water transport and stress in the leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 24: 15-28.
32. Maherali H and E. H. DeLucia. 2000. Xylem conductivity and vulnerability to cavitation of ponderosa pine growing in contrasting climates. Tree Physiology 20: 859-867.
33. Mark, W. R. and D. L. Crews. 1973. Heat-pulse velocity and bordered pit condition in living Engelmann spruce and lodgepole pine trees. Forest Science 19: 291-296.
34. Maton C and B L Gartner. 2005. Do gymnosperm needles pull water through the xylem produced in the same year as the needle? American Journal of Botany 92: 123-131.
35. Nardini A, M A Lo Gullo and S Salleo. 2011. Refilling embolized xylem conduits: Is it a matter of phloem unloading? Plant Science 180: 604-611.
36. Panshin, A. J. and C de Zeeuw. 1980. Textbook of wood technology. McGraw-Hill, New York, New York, USA.
37. Phillips, N. R., R. Oren and M Zimmerman. 1996. Radial patterns of xylem sap flow in non-, diffuse- and ring-porous tree species. Plant, Cell & Environment 19: 983-990.
38. Piñol J and A Sala. 2000. Ecological implications of xylem cavitation for several Pinaceae in the Pacific Northwest. Functional Ecology 14: 538-545.
39. Sano Y, Y Okamura and Y Utsumi. 2005. Visualizing water-conduction pathways of living trees: Selection of dyes and tissue preparation methods. Tree Physiology 25: 269-275.
40. Sauter, J. J. and B Van Cleve. 1994. Storage, mobilization and interrelations of starch, sugars, protein and fat in the ray storage tissue of poplar trees. Trees 8: 297-304.
41. Singh, A. P., W. Schmitt, R M öller, B. S. W. Dawson and G. Koch 2006. Ray tracheids in Pinus radiata are more highly resistant to soft rot as compared to axial tracheids: Relationship to lignin concentration. Wood Science and Technology 40: 16-25.
42. Smith, J. H. G., W. Walters and R. W. Wellwood. 1956. Variation in sapwood thickness of Douglasfir in relation to tree and section characteristics. Forest Science 1: 97-103.
43. Spicer, R. 2005. Senescence in secondary xylem: Heartwood formation as an active developmental program. In M. Zwieniecki M. and N. M. Holbrook [eds.], Vascular transport in plants, 457-475. Elsevier Academic Press, Oxford, UK.
44. Tyree, M. T., B. Sinclair, P Lu and A Granier. 1993. Whole shoot hydraulic resistance in Quercus species measured with a new high pressure flow meter. Annals of Forest Science 50: 417-423.
45. Tyree, M. T and M H Zimmermann. 2002. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Springer, Berlin, Germany.
46. Umebayashi T, Y Utsumi, S Koga, S Inoue, Y Shiiba, K Arakawa, J Matsumura and K Oda. 2007. Optimal conditions for visualizing water conducting pathways in a living tree by the dye injection method. Tree Physiology 27: 993-999.
47. van Bel, A. J. E. 1990. Xylem-phloem exchange via the rays: The undervalued route of transport. Journal of Experimental Botany 41: 631-644.
48. Yang, S. D. and M. T. Tyree. 1994. Hydraulic architecture of Acer saccharum and A. rubrum: Comparison of branches to whole trees and the contribution of leaves to hydraulic resistance. Journal of Experimental Botany 45: 179-186.