Mechanisms influencing the BFR distribution patterns in office dust and implications for estimating human exposure

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Volumn 252-253, Issue , 2013, Pages 11-18

  Cao, Zhiguo ^a   Yu, Gang ^a   Chen, Yongshan ^a   Liu, Cong ^a   Liu, Kai ^a   Zhang, Tingting ^a   Wang, Bin ^a   Deng, Shubo ^a   Huang, Jun ^a  

^a TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

BFRs; Distribution pattern; Human exposure; Influencing mechanism; Particle size

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL RESULTS; BEIJING , CHINA; BFRS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS (BFRS); DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS; HUMAN EXPOSURES; INFLUENCING MECHANISMS; SEPARATE ANALYSIS;

FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; PARTICLE SIZE;

DUST;

BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT; FLAME RETARDANT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ABSORPTION; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DUST; FRAGMENTATION; HEALTH RISK; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; SURFACE AREA;

ABSORPTION; ARTICLE; CHINA; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FRAGMENTATION REACTION; PARTICLE SIZE; SEDIMENTATION; SURFACE PROPERTY;

ADULT; AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; CHINA; DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; FLAME RETARDANTS; HALOGENATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HAND; HUMANS; HYDROCARBONS, BROMINATED; MALE; PARTICLE SIZE;

BEIJING [CHINA]; CHINA; HAIDIAN;

EID: 84874990080     PISSN: 03043894     EISSN: 18733336     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.043     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Covaci A., Harrad S., Abdallah M.A.E., Ali N., Law R.J., Herzke D., de Wit C.A. Novel brominated flame retardants: a review of their analysis, environmental fate and behaviour. Environ. Int. 2011, 37:532-556.
2. Mercier F., Glorennec P., Thomas O., Le Bot B. Organic contamination of settled house dust, a review for exposure assessment purposes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45:6716-6727.
3. Harrad S., Abdallah M.A.E. New directions: what do we need to know about brominated flame retardants in indoor dust?. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:5652-5653.
4. Harrad S., de Wit C.A., Abdallah M.A.E., Bergh C., Bjorklund J.A., Covaci A., Darnerud P.O., de Boer J., Diamond M., Huber S., Leonards P., Mandalakis M., Oestman C., Haug L.S., Thomsen C., Webster T.F. Indoor contamination with hexabromocyclododecanes, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and perfluoroalkyl compounds: an important exposure pathway for people?. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:3221-3231.
5. Frederiksen M., Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Knudsen L.E. Human internal and external exposure to PBDEs - a review of levels and sources. Int. J. Hyg. Envir. Heal. 2009, 212:109-134.
6. Lorber M. Exposure of Americans to polybrominated diphenyl ethers. J. Expo. Sci. Env. Epid. 2008, 18:2-19.
7. Lewis R.G., Fortune C.R., Willis R.D., Camann D.E., Antley J.T. Distribution of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in house dust as a function of particle size. Environ. Health Persp. 1999, 107:721-726.
8. Maertens R.M., Bailey J., White P.A. The mutagenic hazards of settled house dust: a review. Mutat. Res.: Rev. Mutat. 2004, 567:401-425.
9. Lewis R.G., Roberts J.W., Chuang J.C., Camann D.E., Ruby M.G. Measuring and reducing exposure to the pollutants in-house dust. Am. J. Public Health 1995, 85:1168.
10. Butte W., Heinzow B. Pollutants in house dust as indicators of indoor contamination. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2002, 175(175):1-46.
11. Bjorklund J.A., Thuresson K., Cousins A.P., Sellstrom U., Emenius G., de Wit C.A. Indoor air is a significant source of tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers to outdoor air via ventilation systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46:5876-5884.
12. Watkins D.J., McClean M.D., Fraser A.J., Weinberg J., Stapleton H.M., Sjoedin A., Webster T.F. Exposure to PBDEs in the office environment: evaluating the relationships between dust, handwipes, and serum. Environ. Health Persp. 2011, 119:1247-1252.
13. Batterman S., Godwin C., Chernyak S., Jia C.R., Charles S. Brominated flame retardants in offices in Michigan, USA. Environ. Int. 2010, 36:548-556.
14. Besis A., Samara C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the indoor and outdoor environments - a review on occurrence and human exposure. Environ. Pollut. 2012, 169:217-229.
15. Ni H.G., Cao S.P., Chang W.J., Zeng H. Incidence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in central air conditioner filter dust from a new office building. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159:1957-1962.
16. Wang D., Atkinson S., Hoover-Miller A., Shelver W.L., Li Q.X. Simultaneous use of gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry - electron capture detection to improve the analysis of bromodiphenyl ethers in biological and environmental samples. Rapid Commun. Mass. Spectrom. 2008, 22:647-656.
17. Wang J., Ma Y.J., Chen S.J., Tian M., Luo X.J., Mai B.X. Brominated flame retardants in house dust from e-waste recycling and urban areas in South China: implications on human exposure. Environ. Int. 2010, 36:535-541.
18. Harrad S., Abdallah M.A.E. Brominated flame retardants in dust from UK cars - within-vehicle spatial variability, evidence for degradation and exposure implications. Chemosphere 2011, 82:1240-1245.
19. Lagalante A.F., Shedden C.S., Greenbacker P.W. Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust from personal automobiles in conjunction with studies on the photochemical degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). Environ. Int. 2011, 37:899-906.
20. Chen A.M., Dietrich K.N., Huo X., Ho S.M. Developmental neurotoxicants in E-waste: an emerging health concern. Environ. Health Persp. 2011, 119:431-438.
21. Wu N., Herrmann T., Paepke O., Tickner J., Hale R., Harvey E., La Guardia M., McClean M.D., Webster T.F. Human exposure to PBDEs: Associations of PBDE body burdens with food consumption and house dust concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:1584-1589.
22. Kang Y., Wang H.S., Cheung K.C., Wong M.H. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dust and human hair. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:2386-2393.
23. Regueiro J., Llompart M., Garcia-Jares C., Cela R. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in domestic dust by microwave-assisted solvent extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2006, 1137:1-7.
24. Morawska L., Salthammer T. Indoor Environment-Airborne Particles and Settled Dust 2003, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
25. Ni J.Z., Luo Y.M., Wei R., Li X.H. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particle-size separates and density fractions of typical agricultural soils in the Yangtze River Delta, east China. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 2008, 59:1020-1026.
26. Yamamoto N., Takahashi Y., Yoshinaga J., Tanaka A., Shibata Y. Size distributions of soil particles adhered to children's hands. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2006, 51:157-163.
27. Zhao Y.-X., Qin X.-F., Li Y., Liu P.-Y., Tian M., Yan S.-S., Qin Z.-F., Xu X.-B., Yang Y.-J. Diffusion of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) from an e-waste recycling area to the surrounding regions in Southeast China. Chemosphere 2009, 76:1470-1476.
28. Stapleton H.M., Dodder N.G., Offenberg J.H., Schantz M.M., Wise S.A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in house dust and clothes dryer lint. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:925-931.
29. Harrad S., Ibarra C., Diamond M., Melymuk L., Robson M., Douwes J., Roosens L., Dirtu A.C., Covaci A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in domestic indoor dust from Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States. Environ. Int. 2008, 34:232-238.
30. Harrad S., Ibarra C., Abdallah M.A.E., Boon R., Neels H., Covaci A. Concentrations of brominated flame retardants in dust from United Kingdom cars, homes, and offices: causes of variability and implications for human exposure. Environ. Int. 2008, 34:1170-1175.
31. Weschler C.J., Nazaroff W.W. SVOC partitioning between the gas phase and settled dust indoors. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44:3609-3620.
32. Weschler C.J., Nazaroff W.W. Semivolatile organic compounds in indoor environments. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:9018-9040.
33. Weschler C.J., Salthammer T., Fromme H. Partitioning of phthalates among the gas phase, airborne particles and settled dust in indoor environments. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:1449-1460.
34. Wei H., Turyk M., Cali S., Dorevitch S., Erdal S., Li A. Particle size fractionation and human exposure of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor dust from Chicago. J. Environ. Sci. Health A 2009, 44:1353-1361.
35. Liu C., Shi S.S., Weschler C., Zhao B., Zhang Y.P. Analysis of the dynamic interaction between SVOCs and airborne particles. Aerosol. Sci. Tech. 2013, 47:125-136.
36. Li W.G., Davis E.J. Aerosol evaporation in the transition regime. Aerosol. Sci. Tech. 1996, 25:11-21.
37. Webster T.F., Harrad S., Millette J.R., Holbrook R.D., Davis J.M., Stapleton H.M., Allen J.G., McClean M.D., Ibarra C., Abdallah M.A.E., Covaci A. Identifying transfer mechanisms and sources of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209) in indoor environments using environmental forensic microscopy. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:3067-3072.
38. Suzuki G., Kida A., Sakai S.I., Takigami H. Existence state of bromine as an indicator of the source of brominated flame retardants in indoor dust. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:1437-1442.
39. Shoeib M., Harner T., Ikonomou M., Kannan K. Indoor and outdoor air concentrations and phase partitioning of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:1313-1320.
40. Shoeib M., Harner T., Wilford B.H., Jones K.C., Zhu J.P. Perfluorinated sulfonamides in indoor and outdoor air and indoor dust: occurrence, partitioning, and human exposure. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:6599-6606.
41. Cao Z.G., Yu G., Chen Y.S., Cao Q.M., Fiedler H., Deng S.B., Huang J., Wang B. Particle size: a missing factor in risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust. Environ. Int. 2012, 49:24-30.
42. Ruby M.V., Lowney Y.W. Selective soil particle adherence to hands: implications for understanding oral exposure to soil contaminants. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46:12759-12771.
43. Lee B.K., Dong T.T.T., Toxicity source assignment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in road dust from urban residential and industrial areas in a typical industrial city in Korea. J. Mater. Cycles Waste 2011, 13:34-42.
44. Sugiyama T., Amagai T., Matsushita H., Soma M. Size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor airborne particulates. Indoor. Built. Environ. 2000, 9:265-276.
45. U. Meierhenrich, Nachweis und Toxikologie pyrethroider Verbindungen, Bremer Umwelt Institut, Reihe Umweltwissenschaften, Band I, Bremen, (1997).
46. Walker G., Hostrup O., Hoffmann W., Butte W. Biozide im Hausstaub. Gefahrstoffe - Reinhaltung der Luft 1999, 59.
47. Mandalakis M., Besis A., Stephanou E.G. Particle-size distribution and gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers in urban areas of Greece. Environ. Pollut. 2009, 157:1227-1233.
48. Allen J.G., McClean M.D., Stapleton H.M., Webster T.F. Critical factors in assessing exposure to PBDEs via house dust. Environ. Int. 2008, 34:1085-1091.
49. Krol S., Zabiegala B., Namiesnik J. PBDEs in environmental samples: sampling and analysis. Talanta 2012, 93:1-17.
50. Hee S.S.Q., Peace B., Clark C.S., Boyle J.R., Bornschein R.L., Hammond P.B. Evolution of efficient methods to sample lead sources, such as house dust and hand dust, in the homes of children. Environ. Res. 1985, 38:77-95.
51. Driver J.H., Konz J.J., Whitmyre G.K. Soil adherence to human-skin. B. Environ. Contam. Tox. 1989, 43:814-820.
52. Edwards R.D., Lioy P.J. The EL sampler: a press sampler for the quantitative estimation of dermal exposure to pesticides in housedust. J. Expo. Anal. Env. Epid. 1999, 9:521-529.
53. Choate L.M., Ranville J.F., Bunge A.L., Macalady D.L. Dermally adhered soil: 2. Reconstruction of dry-sieve particle-size distributions from wet-sieve data. Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. 2006, 2:385-390.
54. Choate L.M., Ranville J.F., Bunge A.L., Macalady D.L. Dermally adhered soil: 1. Amount and particle-size distribution. Environ. Assess. Manag. 2006, 2:375-384.
55. Duggan M.J., Inskip M.J., Rundle S.A., Moorcroft J.S. Lead in playground dust and on the hands of schoolchildren. Sci. Total. Environ. 1985, 44:65-79.