Sperm crisis: What crisis?

Asian Journal of Andrology

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 184-186

  Nieschlag, Eberhard ^a   Lerchl, Alexander ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

^b JACOBS UNIVERSITY BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSTINENCE; ANDROLOGY; CONTRACEPTION; EJACULATION; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; GEOGRAPHY; HUMAN; MALE FERTILITY; MALE GENITAL SYSTEM FUNCTION; MALE INFERTILITY; NOTE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PUBLICATION; SEMEN ABNORMALITY; SEMEN ANALYSIS; SPERM CRISIS; SPERMATOZOON; SPERMATOZOON COUNT; SPERMATOZOON DENSITY; SPERMATOZOON MOTILITY; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

HUMANS; MALE; OLIGOSPERMIA; SPERM COUNT; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 84874596337     PISSN: 1008682X     EISSN: 17457262     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/aja.2012.90     Document Type: Note

References (33)

1. Carlsen E, Giwercman A, Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE. Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years. BMJ 1992; 305: 609-13.
2. Lerchl A. Evidence for decreasing quality of sperm. Presentation of data on sperm concentration was flawed. BMJ 1995; 311: 569-70.
3. Lerchl A, Nieschlag E. Decreasing sperm counts? A critical (re)view. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1996; 104: 301-7.
4. Lerchl A, Nieschlag E. Declining sperm counts in European men-fact or fiction? Andrologia 1996; 28: 305-6.
5. Fisch H. Declining worldwide sperm counts: disproving a myth. Urol Clin North Am 2008; 35: 137-46.
6. Nieschlag E, te Velde E. Why have birth rates dropped? For medical reasons? J Reproduktionsmed Endokrinol 2010; 7: 403-6.
7. World Health Organization. WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen, 5th ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
8. Mallidis C, Cooper TG, Hellenkemper B, Lablans M, Ü ckert F et al. Ten years experience with an external quality control programme for semen analysis. Fertil Steril; e-pub ahead of print 24 May 2012; doi:10.1016/j. fertnstert.2012.05.006.
9. Mommers E, Kersemaekers WM, Elliesen J, Kepers M, Apter D et al. Male hormonal contraception: a doubleblind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 2572-80.
10. Cooper TG. Semen analysis. In: Nieschlag E, Behre HM, Nieschlag S, editors. Andrology: Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction, 3rd ed. Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p125-54.
11. Cooper TG, Keck C, Oberdieck U, Nieschlag E. Effects of multiple ejaculations after extended periods of sexual abstinence on total, motile and normal sperm numbers, as well as accessory gland secretions, from healthy normal and oligozoospermic men. Hum Reprod 1993; 8: 1251-8.
12. Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE. Authors' reply. BMJ 1995; 311: 570.
13. Jensen TK, Toppari J, Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE. Do environmental estrogens contribute to the decline in male reproductive health? Clin Chem 1995; 41: 1896-901.
14. Handelsman DJ. Estrogens and falling sperm counts. Reprod Fert Dev 2001; 13: 317-24.
15. Bromwich P, Cohen J, Stewart I, Walker A. Decline in sperm counts: an artefact of changed reference range of 'normal'? BMJ 1994; 309: 19-22.
16. EU Strategic research plan 2010. Male reproductive health: its impact in relation to general well-being and low European fertility rates. European Science Foundation: Strasbourg Cedex, France, September 2010. European Science Foundation (ESF) Science Policy Briefing 40.
17. Wohlfahrt-Veje C, Main KM, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: foetal origin of adult reproductive problems. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 71: 459-65.
18. Akre O, Richiardi L. Does a testicular dysgenesis syndrome exist? Hum Reprod 2009; 24: 2053-60.
19. Fisch H, Hyun G, Hensle TW. Rising hypospadias rates: disproving a myth. J Pediatr Urol 2010; 6: 37-9.
20. te Velde E, Burdorf A, Nieschlag E, Eijkemans R, Kremer JA et al. Is human fecundity declining in Western countries? Why we will never know. Hum Reprod 2010; 25: 1348-53.
21. Stock G, Bertram H, Fü rnkranz-Prskawetz A, Holzgreve W, Kohli M, Staudinger M (eds). Zukunft mit Kindern. Mü nchen: Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Campus-Verlag; 2012.
22. Jö rgensen N, Vierula M, Jacobsen R, Pukkala E, Perheentupa A et al. Recent adverse trends in semen quality and testis cancer incidence among Finnish men. Int J Androl 2010; 36: e37-48.
23. http://www.sst.dk/,/media/Sundhed%20og%20foreby ggelse/Seksualitet/ Notater/NotatSaedkvalitetPubertet. ashx (25 March 2011; last accessed 17 July 2012).
24. Kolata G. In: update on sperm, data show no decline. New York Times 6 June 2011.
25. Skakkebaek NE, Andersson AM, Juul A, Jensen TK, Almstrup K et al. Commentary: sperm counts, data responsibility, and good scientific practice. Epidemiology 2011; 22: 620-1.
26. Wilcox AJ. On sperm counts and data responsibility. Epidemiology 2011; 22: 615-6.
27. Bonde JE, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Olsen J. Trends in sperm counts: the saga continues. Epidemiology 2011; 22: 617-9.
28. Bonde JP, Olsen J, Ramlau-Hansen CH. Danish sperm counts (Cont'd.). Epdidemiology 2011; 22: 878.
29. Jørgensen N, Joensen UN, Jensen TK, Jensen MB, Almstrup K et al. Human semen quality in the new millennium: a prospective cross-sectional population-based study of 4867 men. BMJ Open 2012; 2: e000990. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000990.
30. Lemcke B, Behre HM, Nieschlag E. Frequently subnormal semen profiles of normal volunteers recruited over 17 years. Int J Androl 1997; 20: 144-52.
31. Cooper TG, Noonan E, von Eckardstein S, Auger J, Baker HW et al. World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics. Hum Reprod Update 2010; 16: 231-45.
32. Hammen R. Studies on impaired fertility in man with special reference to the male. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1944; 24 (Suppl 3): 1-205.
33. Olsen J, Rachootin P. Monitoring fecundity over time-if we do it, then let's do it right. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157: 94-7.