메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 771, Issue , 2013, Pages 340-355

Clinical features, diagnostic criteria and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETOGENESIS; GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; METABOLIC DISORDER; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; PANDEMIC; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; VASCULAR DISEASE; ENDOCRINE SYSTEM EXAMINATION; REVIEW;

EID: 84874551621     PISSN: 00652598     EISSN: 22148019     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5441-0_25     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (52)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 2342466734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030
    • Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, et al. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:1047-53.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 1047-1053
    • Wild, S.1    Roglic, G.2    Green, A.3
  • 2
    • 77950263954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China
    • Yang W, Lu J, Weng J, et al. Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:1090-101.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1090-1101
    • Yang, W.1    Lu, J.2    Weng, J.3
  • 3
    • 33747097918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus from the 1970s to the 1990s: The Framingham heart study
    • Fox CS, Pencina MJ, Meigs JB, et al. Trends in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus from the 1970s to the 1990s: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2006; 113:2914-8.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 2914-2918
    • Fox, C.S.1    Pencina, M.J.2    Meigs, J.B.3
  • 4
    • 77951089891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Foundation
    • International Diabetes Foundation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 4th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Foundation, 2009.
    • (2009) IDF Diabetes Atlas
  • 5
  • 6
    • 0032969741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight, type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Pima Indian children and young adults
    • Dabelea D, Pettitt DJ, Hanson RL, et al. Birth weight, type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Pima Indian children and young adults. Diabetes Care 1999; 22:944-50.
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 944-950
    • Dabelea, D.1    Pettitt, D.J.2    Hanson, R.L.3
  • 7
    • 84907834544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs-2007.
  • 8
    • 33644841145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 1 diabetes
    • Daneman D. Type 1 diabetes. Lancet 2006; 367:847-58.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , pp. 847-858
    • Daneman, D.1
  • 9
    • 77957257700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification and diagnosis of Diabetes: Clinical practice recommendation
    • Classification and diagnosis of Diabetes: Clinical practice recommendation. Diabetes Care 2011; 26 (Suppl 1):S11-3.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.26 , pp. S11-S13
  • 10
    • 84907817909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification, diagnostic tests and Pathogenesis
    • Becker KL, ed. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams and Wilkins
    • Eisenbarth GS. Classification, diagnostic tests and Pathogenesis. In: Becker KL, ed. Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, 2001:1315-1319.
    • (2001) Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism , pp. 1315-1319
    • Eisenbarth, G.S.1
  • 11
    • 33845193277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemia
    • McPhee SJ, Papadakis M, eds. USA: McGraw-Hill
    • Umesh M. Diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemia. In: McPhee SJ, Papadakis M, eds. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment. USA: McGraw-Hill, 2010:1079-1121.
    • (2010) Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment , pp. 1079-1121
    • Umesh, M.1
  • 12
    • 0021356158 scopus 로고
    • The clinical information value of the glycosylated hemoglobin assay
    • Nathan DM, Singer DE, Hurxthal K. The clinical information value of the glycosylated hemoglobin assay. N Engl J Med 1984;310:341-6.
    • (1984) N Engl J Med , vol.310 , pp. 341-346
    • Nathan, D.M.1    Singer, D.E.2    Hurxthal, K.3
  • 13
    • 48149095259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating the A1C Assay into estimated average glucose values
    • Nathan DM, Kuenen J, Borg R, et al. Translating the A1C Assay into estimated average glucose values. Diabetes Care 2008; 31:1473.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 1473
    • Nathan, D.M.1    Kuenen, J.2    Borg, R.3
  • 14
    • 0019995766 scopus 로고
    • Glycosylated hemoglobins (GHb): An index of red cell survival
    • Panzer S, Kronik G, Lechner K, et al. Glycosylated hemoglobins (GHb): an index of red cell survival. Blood 1982; 59:1348-50.
    • (1982) Blood , vol.59 , pp. 1348-1350
    • Panzer, S.1    Kronik, G.2    Lechner, K.3
  • 15
    • 10744225419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inaccurate glycosylated hemoglobin A1C measurements in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with diabetes mellitus
    • Polgreen PM, Putz D, Stapleton JT. Inaccurate glycosylated hemoglobin A1C measurements in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with diabetes mellitus. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:e53.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.37 , pp. e53
    • Polgreen, P.M.1    Putz, D.2    Stapleton, J.T.3
  • 16
    • 64849098665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Class effect of erythropoietin therapy on hemoglobin A1C in a patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease not undergoing hemodialysis
    • Brown JN, Kemp DW, Brice KR. Class effect of erythropoietin therapy on hemoglobin A1C in a patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease not undergoing hemodialysis. Pharmacotherapy 2009; 29:468-72.
    • (2009) Pharmacotherapy , vol.29 , pp. 468-472
    • Brown, J.N.1    Kemp, D.W.2    Brice, K.R.3
  • 17
    • 0035149963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can fructosamine be a surrogate for HbA(1c) in evaluating the achievement of therapeutic goals in diabetes?
    • Narbonne H, Renacco E, Pradel V, et al. Can fructosamine be a surrogate for HbA(1c) in evaluating the achievement of therapeutic goals in diabetes? Diabetes Metab 2001; 27:598-603.
    • (2001) Diabetes Metab , vol.27 , pp. 598-603
    • Narbonne, H.1    Renacco, E.2    Pradel, V.3
  • 18
    • 0028779842 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Atkinson MA, Maclaren NK. The pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1994; 331:1428.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 1428
    • Atkinson, M.A.1    MacLaren, N.K.2
  • 19
    • 33847657143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0-to 17-year-old Colorado youth
    • Vehik K, Hamman RF, Lezotte D, et al. Increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes in 0-to 17-year-old Colorado youth. Diabetes Care 2007; 30:503-9.
    • (2007) Diabetes Care , vol.30 , pp. 503-509
    • Vehik, K.1    Hamman, R.F.2    Lezotte, D.3
  • 20
    • 0036897063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of childhood type 1 diabetes in the 20th century
    • Gale EA. The rise of childhood type 1 diabetes in the 20th century. Diabetes 2002; 51:3353-61.
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 3353-3361
    • Gale, E.A.1
  • 21
    • 34347341846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robust associations of four new chromosome regions from genome-wide analyses of type 1 diabetes
    • Todd J A, Walker NM, Cooper JD, et al. Robust associations of four new chromosome regions from genome-wide analyses of type 1 diabetes. Nat Genet 2007; 39:857-64.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 857-864
    • Todd, J.A.1    Walker, N.M.2    Cooper, J.D.3
  • 22
    • 36749011882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (S1c30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes
    • Wenzlau JM, Juhl K, Yu L, et al. The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (S1c30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104:17040-5.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 17040-17045
    • Wenzlau, J.M.1    Juhl, K.2    Yu, L.3
  • 23
    • 0028871754 scopus 로고
    • GAD antibodies in NIDDM. Ten-year follow-up from the diagnosis
    • Niskanen LK, Tuomi T, Karjalainen J, et al. GAD antibodies in NIDDM. Ten-year follow-up from the diagnosis. Diabetes Care 1995; 18:1557-65.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care , vol.18 , pp. 1557-1565
    • Niskanen, L.K.1    Tuomi, T.2    Karjalainen, J.3
  • 24
    • 0141866833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of family history of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia and auto antibodies to weight gain and lipids with intensive and conventional therapy in the diabetes control and complications trial
    • Purnell JQ, Dev RK, Steffes MW, et al. Relationship of family history of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemia and auto antibodies to weight gain and lipids with intensive and conventional therapy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes 2003; 52:2623-9.
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 2623-2629
    • Purnell, J.Q.1    Dev, R.K.2    Steffes, M.W.3
  • 25
    • 0033550904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic determination of islet cell autoimmunity in monozygotic twin, dizygotic twin, and non-twin siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes: Prospective twin study
    • Redondo MJ, Rewers M, Yu L, et al. Genetic determination of islet cell autoimmunity in monozygotic twin, dizygotic twin, and non-twin siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes: prospective twin study. BMJ 1999;318:698-702.
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 698-702
    • Redondo, M.J.1    Rewers, M.2    Yu, L.3
  • 26
    • 0028091753 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic and genetic characterization of prediabetic states. Sequence of events leading to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Beck-Nielsen H, Groop LC. Metabolic and genetic characterization of prediabetic states. Sequence of events leading to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1994; 94:1714.
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.94 , pp. 1714
    • Beck-Nielsen, H.1    Groop, L.C.2
  • 27
    • 2542504498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolving diabetes burden in the United States
    • Engelgau MM, Geiss LS, Saaddine JB, et al. The evolving diabetes burden in the United States. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140:945-50.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 945-950
    • Engelgau, M.M.1    Geiss, L.S.2    Saaddine, J.B.3
  • 28
    • 0028999677 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle GLUT4 protein concentration and aging in humans
    • Houmard JA, Weidner MD, Dolan PL. Skeletal muscle GLUT4 protein concentration and aging in humans. Diabetes 1995; 44:555-60.
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 555-560
    • Houmard, J.A.1    Weidner, M.D.2    Dolan, P.L.3
  • 29
    • 0028809238 scopus 로고
    • Decreased muscle glucose transport/phosphorylation is an early defect in the pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Rothman DL, Magnusson I, Cline G, et al. Decreased muscle glucose transport/phosphorylation is an early defect in the pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92:983.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 983
    • Rothman, D.L.1    Magnusson, I.2    Cline, G.3
  • 30
    • 0026021161 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
    • De Fronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care 1991; 14:173.
    • (1991) Diabetes Care , vol.14 , pp. 173
    • De Fronzo, R.A.1    Ferrannini, E.2
  • 31
    • 33846970555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome: A multiplex cardiovascular risk factor
    • Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome: a multiplex cardiovascular risk factor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:399-404.
    • (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.92 , pp. 399-404
    • Grundy, S.M.1
  • 32
    • 77449150552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hepatitis C is associated with peripheral rather than hepatic insulin resistance
    • Milner KL, Van Der Poorten D, et al. Chronic hepatitis C is associated with peripheral rather than hepatic insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:932-41.
    • (2010) Gastroenterology , vol.138 , pp. 932-941
    • Milner, K.L.1    Van Der-Poorten, D.2
  • 33
    • 4143151942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • De Fronzo RA. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am 2004; 88:787-835.
    • (2004) Med Clin North Am , vol.88 , pp. 787-835
    • De Fronzo, R.A.1
  • 34
    • 0021933723 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of age-related glucose intolerance in man: Insulin resistance and decreased beta-cell function
    • Chen M, Bergman RN, Pacini G, et al. Pathogenesis of age-related glucose intolerance in man: insulin resistance and decreased beta-cell function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 60:13-20.
    • (1985) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.60 , pp. 13-20
    • Chen, M.1    Bergman, R.N.2    Pacini, G.3
  • 35
    • 0031823666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the potential for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in prediabetic states
    • Holman RR. Assessing the potential for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in prediabetic states. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1998; 40(Suppl):S21-5.
    • (1998) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.40 , pp. S21-S25
    • Holman, R.R.1
  • 36
    • 77956584167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting β-cell function early in the course of therapy for type2 diabetes mellitus
    • Leahy JL, Irl BH, Kevin AP, et al. Targeting β-cell function early in the course of therapy for type2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:4206-16.
    • (2010) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.95 , pp. 4206-4216
    • Leahy, J.L.1    Irl, B.H.2    Kevin, A.P.3
  • 37
    • 0026731869 scopus 로고
    • Glucose toxicity
    • Yki-Järvinen H. Glucose toxicity. Endocr Rev 1992; 13:415-31.
    • (1992) Endocr Rev , vol.13 , pp. 415-431
    • Yki-Järvinen, H.1
  • 38
    • 0028000563 scopus 로고
    • Differentiating glucose toxicity from glucose desensitization: A new message from the insulin gene
    • Robertson RP, Olson LK, Zhang HJ. Differentiating glucose toxicity from glucose desensitization: a new message from the insulin gene. Diabetes 1994; 43:1085-9.
    • (1994) Diabetes , vol.43 , pp. 1085-1089
    • Robertson, R.P.1    Olson, L.K.2    Zhang, H.J.3
  • 39
    • 0015781421 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between fasting plasma insulin level and resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake in normal and diabetic subjects
    • Olefsky J, Farquhar JW, Reaven G. Relationship between fasting plasma insulin level and resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake in normal and diabetic subjects. Diabetes 1973; 22:507-13.
    • (1973) Diabetes , vol.22 , pp. 507-513
    • Olefsky, J.1    Farquhar, J.W.2    Reaven, G.3
  • 40
    • 0027375768 scopus 로고
    • Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and B-cell function in human subjects. Evidence for a hyperbolic function
    • Kahn SE, Prigeon RL, McCulloch DK, et al. Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and B-cell function in human subjects. Evidence for a hyperbolic function. Diabetes 1993; 42:1663-72.
    • (1993) Diabetes , vol.42 , pp. 1663-1672
    • Kahn, S.E.1    Prigeon, R.L.2    McCulloch, D.K.3
  • 42
    • 0021777067 scopus 로고
    • Islet pathology and the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus revisited
    • Klöppel G, Lohr M, Habich K, et al. Islet pathology and the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus revisited. Surv Synth Pathol Res 1985; 4:110-25.
    • (1985) Surv Synth Pathol Res , vol.4 , pp. 110-125
    • Klöppel, G.1    Lohr, M.2    Habich, K.3
  • 43
    • 0029036835 scopus 로고
    • Long term exposure to fatty acids and ketones inhibits beta cell functions in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans
    • Zhou YP, Grill V. Long term exposure to fatty acids and ketones inhibits beta cell functions in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:1584-90.
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 1584-1590
    • Zhou, Y.P.1    Grill, V.2
  • 44
    • 53749085064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egan incretin-based therapies in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Chia CW. Chia, Josephine M. Egan incretin-based therapies in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:3703-16.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 3703-3716
    • Chia, C.W.1    Chia2    Josephine, M.3
  • 45
    • 0022461548 scopus 로고
    • Incretin effects of increasing glucose loads in man calculated from venous insulin and C-peptide responses
    • Nauck MA, Homberger E, Siegel EG, et al. Incretin effects of increasing glucose loads in man calculated from venous insulin and C-peptide responses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986; 63:492-8.
    • (1986) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.63 , pp. 492-498
    • Nauck, M.A.1    Homberger, E.2    Siegel, E.G.3
  • 46
    • 0034880655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of the impaired secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetic patients
    • Toft-Nielsen MB, Damholt MB, Madsbad S, et al. Determinants of the impaired secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:3717-23.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 3717-3723
    • Toft-Nielsen, M.B.1    Damholt, M.B.2    Madsbad, S.3
  • 47
    • 0345374580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide 1 inhibits cell apoptosis and improves glucose responsiveness of freshly isolated human islets
    • Farilla L, Bulotta A, Hirshberg B, et al. Glucagon-like peptide 1 inhibits cell apoptosis and improves glucose responsiveness of freshly isolated human islets. Endocrinology 2003; 144:5149-58.
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 5149-5158
    • Farilla, L.1    Bulotta, A.2    Hirshberg, B.3
  • 48
    • 2542479899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: Glucagon-like peptides regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in the pancreas, gut and central nervous system
    • Brubaker PL, Drucker DJ. Minireview: glucagon-like peptides regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in the pancreas, gut and central nervous system. Endocrinology 2004; 145:2653-9.
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , pp. 2653-2659
    • Brubaker, P.L.1    Drucker, D.J.2
  • 49
    • 0037357951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 receptor agonists are growth and differentiation factors for pancreatic islet cells
    • Egan JM, Bulotta A, Hui H, et al. GLP-1 receptor agonists are growth and differentiation factors for pancreatic islet cells. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2003; 19:115-23.
    • (2003) Diabetes Metab Res Rev , vol.19 , pp. 115-123
    • Egan, J.M.1    Bulotta, A.2    Hui, H.3
  • 50
    • 17944365214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide on ad libitum energy intake in humans
    • Verdich C, Flint A, Gutzwiller JP, et al. A meta-analysis of the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide on ad libitum energy intake in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:4382-9.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 4382-4389
    • Verdich, C.1    Flint, A.2    Gutzwiller, J.P.3
  • 51
    • 0029084869 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fat on glucose uptake and utilization in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes
    • Boden G, Chen X. Effects of fat on glucose uptake and utilization in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. J Clin Invest 1995; 96:1261.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.96 , pp. 1261
    • Boden, G.1    Chen, X.2
  • 52
    • 34948905858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and the beta cell: Lessons from leptin
    • Niswender KD, Magnuson MA. Obesity and the beta cell: lessons from leptin. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:2753-6.
    • (2007) J Clin Invest , vol.117 , pp. 2753-2756
    • Niswender, K.D.1    Magnuson, M.A.2
  • 53
    • 33745834319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome
    • Kadowaki T, Yamauchi T, Kubota N, et al. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:1784-92.
    • (2006) J Clin Invest , vol.116 , pp. 1784-1792
    • Kadowaki, T.1    Yamauchi, T.2    Kubota, N.3
  • 54
    • 33745095399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in lean, obese and diabetic subjects
    • Graham TE, Yang Q, Bluher M, et al. Retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in lean, obese and diabetic subjects. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:2552-63.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 2552-2563
    • Graham, T.E.1    Yang, Q.2    Bluher, M.3
  • 56
    • 48249139502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variants in maturity-onset diabetes of the young genes and future risk of type 2 diabetes
    • Holmkvist J, Almgren P, Lyssenko V, et al. Common variants in maturity-onset diabetes of the young genes and future risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2008; 57:1738-44.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 1738-1744
    • Holmkvist, J.1    Almgren, P.2    Lyssenko, V.3
  • 57
    • 70349566593 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: A "thrifty" genotype rendered detrimental by "progress?
    • Neel JV. "Diabetes mellitus: a "thrifty" genotype rendered detrimental by "progress"? Am J Hum Genet 1962; 14:353-62.
    • (1962) Am J Hum Genet , vol.14 , pp. 353-362
    • Neel, J.V.1
  • 58
    • 0034254692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes
    • Forsén T, Eriksson J, Tuomilehto J, et al. The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133:176-82.
    • (2000) Ann Intern Med , vol.133 , pp. 176-182
    • Forsén, T.1    Eriksson, J.2    Tuomilehto, J.3
  • 59
    • 0024674673 scopus 로고
    • Beyond the thrifty gene: Metabolic implications of prehistoric migration into the New World
    • Ritenbaugh C, Goodby CS. Beyond the thrifty gene: metabolic implications of prehistoric migration into the New World. Med Anthropol 1989; 11:227-226.
    • (1989) Med Anthropol , vol.11 , pp. 227-226
    • Ritenbaugh, C.1    Goodby, C.S.2
  • 60
    • 0037045845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of 6-week course of glucagon-like peptide 1 on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and beta cell function in type 2 diabetes: A parallel-group study
    • Zander M, Madsbad S, Madsen JL. Effect of 6-week course of glucagon-like peptide 1 on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and beta cell function in type 2 diabetes: a parallel-group study. Lancet 2002; 359:824-30.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 824-830
    • Zander, M.1    Madsbad, S.2    Madsen, J.L.3
  • 61
    • 0026577183 scopus 로고
    • Islet amyloid polypeptide-A novel controversy in diabetes research
    • Westermark P, Johnson KH, O'Brien TD. Islet amyloid polypeptide-a novel controversy in diabetes research. Diabetologia 1992; 35:297.
    • (1992) Diabetologia , vol.35 , pp. 297
    • Westermark, P.1    Johnson, K.H.2    O'Brien, T.D.3
  • 63
    • 79959314164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D levels in Saudi Children with type 1 diabetes
    • Bin-Abbas BS, Jabari MA, Issa SD, et al. Vitamin D levels in Saudi Children with type 1 diabetes. Saudi Med J 2011; 32:589-92.
    • (2011) Saudi Med J , vol.32 , pp. 589-592
    • Bin-Abbas, B.S.1    Jabari, M.A.2    Issa, S.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.