메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 185, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 1883-1906

Variable-source flood pulsing in a semi-arid transboundary watershed: The Chobe River, Botswana and Namibia

Author keywords

Africa; Coarse and moderate satellite imagery; Flood pulse; Flooding regime; Semi arid savanna; Transboundary watershed

Indexed keywords

AFRICA; FEASIBILITY STUDIES; FLOOD PULSE; RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION; SEMI ARID; SPATIO-TEMPORAL APPROACH; TRANS-BOUNDARY; TRANSFRONTIER CONSERVATION;

EID: 84874422979     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: 15732959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2675-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 29544447775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorado River floods, droughts and shrimp fishing in the Upper Gulf of California, Mexico
    • 10.1007/s00267-004-0184-9
    • All, J. D. (2006). Colorado River floods, droughts and shrimp fishing in the Upper Gulf of California, Mexico. Environmental Management, 37, 111-125.
    • (2006) Environmental Management , vol.37 , pp. 111-125
    • All, J.D.1
  • 2
    • 29544447072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indexing endangered species risk in the Colorado River Delta, Mexico using AVHRR NDVI time series data
    • 10.1080/10106040408542322
    • All, J. D., & Yool, S. (2004). Indexing endangered species risk in the Colorado River Delta, Mexico using AVHRR NDVI time series data. Geocarto International, 19(4), 5-13.
    • (2004) Geocarto International , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 5-13
    • All, J.D.1    Yool, S.2
  • 3
    • 0141707107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking fresh water from space
    • 10.1126/science.1089802 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt1Kqu7w%3D
    • Alsdorf, D. E., & Lettenmeier, D. P. (2003). Tracking fresh water from space. Science, 301, 1491-1494.
    • (2003) Science , vol.301 , pp. 1491-1494
    • Alsdorf, D.E.1    Lettenmeier, D.P.2
  • 4
    • 55049114167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemic transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis in the seasonal part of the Okavango Delta, Botswana
    • 10.1179/136485908X311867 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1cnislOksQ%3D%3D
    • Appleton, C. C., Ellery, W. N., Byskov, J., & Mogkweetsinyana, S. S. (2008). Epidemic transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis in the seasonal part of the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 102(7), 611-623.
    • (2008) Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology , vol.102 , Issue.7 , pp. 611-623
    • Appleton, C.C.1    Ellery, W.N.2    Byskov, J.3    Mogkweetsinyana, S.S.4
  • 5
    • 0034015610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic remote sensing of Lake Chad: Variability of basin inundation
    • 10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00105-4
    • Birkett, C. M. (2000). Synergistic remote sensing of Lake Chad: variability of basin inundation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 72, 218-236.
    • (2000) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.72 , pp. 218-236
    • Birkett, C.M.1
  • 7
    • 33646736550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrologic and land use impacts on vegetation growth at the watershed scale in a semi-arid environment
    • 10.1007/s10113-006-0014-0
    • Boulain, N., Cappelaere, B., Seguis, L., Gignous, J., & Peugeout, C. (2006). Hydrologic and land use impacts on vegetation growth at the watershed scale in a semi-arid environment. Regional Environmental Change, 6, 147-156.
    • (2006) Regional Environmental Change , vol.6 , pp. 147-156
    • Boulain, N.1    Cappelaere, B.2    Seguis, L.3    Gignous, J.4    Peugeout, C.5
  • 8
    • 33746378166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the consistency of long-term NDVI time series derived from AVHHR, SPOT Vegetation, SeaWiFS, MODIS and LandSat ETM+ Sensors
    • 10.1109/TGRS.2005.860205
    • Brown, M. E., Pinzon, J. E., Didan, K., Morisette, J. T., & Tucker, C. J. (2006). Evaluation of the consistency of long-term NDVI time series derived from AVHHR, SPOT Vegetation, SeaWiFS, MODIS and LandSat ETM+ Sensors. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, 1787-1793.
    • (2006) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , vol.44 , pp. 1787-1793
    • Brown, M.E.1    Pinzon, J.E.2    Didan, K.3    Morisette, J.T.4    Tucker, C.J.5
  • 9
    • 0032810678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of AVHRR to monitor a climatically sensitive playa: Case study, Chott el Djerid, Southern Tunisia
    • 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199904)24:4<283: AID-ESP950>3.0.CO;2-9
    • Bryant, R. G. (1999). Application of AVHRR to monitor a climatically sensitive playa: case study, Chott el Djerid, Southern Tunisia. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 24, 283-302.
    • (1999) Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , vol.24 , pp. 283-302
    • Bryant, R.G.1
  • 10
    • 0038164934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring hydrological controls on dust emissions: Preliminary observations from Etosha Pan, Namibia
    • 10.1111/1475-4959.04977
    • Bryant, R. G. (2003). Monitoring hydrological controls on dust emissions: preliminary observations from Etosha Pan, Namibia. The Geographical Journal, 169(2), 131-141.
    • (2003) The Geographical Journal , vol.169 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-141
    • Bryant, R.G.1
  • 11
    • 34347351968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the area burned in the wetlands of the Okavango panhandle using a hierarchical classification approach
    • 10.1007/s11273-006-9026-2
    • Cassidy, L. (2007). Mapping the area burned in the wetlands of the Okavango panhandle using a hierarchical classification approach. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 15, 253-268.
    • (2007) Wetlands Ecology and Management , vol.15 , pp. 253-268
    • Cassidy, L.1
  • 12
    • 34347326932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Center for the Study of Institutions, Population and Environmental Change CIPEC, Bloomington, Indiana Accessed 15 May 2007
    • Center for the Study of Institutions, Population and Environmental Change. (2005). CIPEC's methodological contributions. CIPEC, Bloomington, Indiana. Retrieved from http://www.cipec.org/research/methods. Accessed 15 May 2007.
    • (2005) CIPEC's Methodological Contributions
  • 13
    • 34748824931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite-based assessment of the dynamics of new lakes in southern Egypt
    • 10.1080/01431160701241787
    • Chipman, J. W., & Lillesand, T. M. (2007). Satellite-based assessment of the dynamics of new lakes in southern Egypt. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(19), 4365-4379.
    • (2007) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.28 , Issue.19 , pp. 4365-4379
    • Chipman, J.W.1    Lillesand, T.M.2
  • 14
    • 84875805473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) Botswana DWNP Gaborone Botswana
    • Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) Botswana. (2009). Aerial survey on wildlife populations of Botswana. Botswana: DWNP Gaborone.
    • (2009) Aerial Survey on Wildlife Populations of Botswana
  • 15
    • 1642304903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of NOAA/AVHRR satellite data for monitoring and assessment of forest fires and floods
    • 10.5194/nhess-3-115-2003
    • Domenikiotis, C., Loukas, A., & Dalezios, N. R. (2003). The use of NOAA/AVHRR satellite data for monitoring and assessment of forest fires and floods. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 3, 115-128.
    • (2003) Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences , vol.3 , pp. 115-128
    • Domenikiotis, C.1    Loukas, A.2    Dalezios, N.R.3
  • 16
    • 77953525918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENVISAT Altimeter. Retrieved 4 February 2009
    • European Space Agency. (2009). ENVISAT Altimeter. Retrieved 4 February 2009 from http://envisat.esa.int/earth/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=6995.
    • (2009) European Space Agency
  • 17
    • 84858712096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal precipitation variability in the Okavango-Kwando-Zambezi catchment, Southern Africa
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.02.007
    • Gaughan, A. E., & Waylen, P. R. (2012). Spatial and temporal precipitation variability in the Okavango-Kwando-Zambezi catchment, Southern Africa. Journal of Arid Environments, 82, 19-30.
    • (2012) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.82 , pp. 19-30
    • Gaughan, A.E.1    Waylen, P.R.2
  • 18
    • 0012633479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The topography of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and its tectonic and sedimentological implications
    • 10.2113/1040243
    • Gumbricht, T., McCarthy, T. S., & Merry, C. L. (2001). The topography of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and its tectonic and sedimentological implications. South African Journal of Geology, 104, 243-264.
    • (2001) South African Journal of Geology , vol.104 , pp. 243-264
    • Gumbricht, T.1    McCarthy, T.S.2    Merry, C.L.3
  • 19
    • 0030613490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of vegetation indices over a global set of TM images for EOS-MODIS
    • 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00112-5
    • Huete, A. R., Liu, H. Q., Batchily, K., & van Leeuwen, W. J. D. (1999). A comparison of vegetation indices over a global set of TM images for EOS-MODIS. Remote Sensing of Environment, 59, 440-451.
    • (1999) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.59 , pp. 440-451
    • Huete, A.R.1    Liu, H.Q.2    Batchily, K.3    Van Leeuwen, W.J.D.4
  • 20
    • 0031435439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) combined precipitation dataset
    • 10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<0005:TGPCPG>2.0.CO;2
    • Huffman, G. J., Adler, R. F., et al. (1997). The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) combined precipitation dataset. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78(1), 5-20.
    • (1997) Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-20
    • Huffman, G.J.1    Adler, R.F.2
  • 21
  • 22
    • 67349117314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified climate diagram displaying net water requirements of wetlands in arid and semi-arid regions
    • 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.04.006
    • Jia, Z., & Luo, W. (2009). A modified climate diagram displaying net water requirements of wetlands in arid and semi-arid regions. Agricultural Water Management, 96, 1339-1343.
    • (2009) Agricultural Water Management , vol.96 , pp. 1339-1343
    • Jia, Z.1    Luo, W.2
  • 24
    • 0034465994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The status of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) after two years in orbit
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1965:TSOTTR>2.0.CO;2
    • Kummerow, C., Simpson, J., Thiele, O., et al. (2000). The status of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) after two years in orbit. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 39, 1965-1982.
    • (2000) Journal of Applied Meteorology , vol.39 , pp. 1965-1982
    • Kummerow, C.1    Simpson, J.2    Thiele, O.3
  • 25
    • 0029275243 scopus 로고
    • A feedback based modification of the NDVI to minimize canopy background and atmospheric noise
    • 10.1109/36.377946
    • Liu, H. Q., & Huete, A. R. (1995). A feedback based modification of the NDVI to minimize canopy background and atmospheric noise. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 33, 457-465.
    • (1995) IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , vol.33 , pp. 457-465
    • Liu, H.Q.1    Huete, A.R.2
  • 26
    • 0344531052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flooding patterns of the Okavango Wetland in Botswana between 1972 and 2000
    • McCarthy, J. M., Gumbricht, T., McCarthy, T., Frost, P., Wessels, K., & Seidel, F. (2003). Flooding patterns of the Okavango Wetland in Botswana between 1972 and 2000. Ambio, 32(7), 453-457.
    • (2003) Ambio , vol.32 , Issue.7 , pp. 453-457
    • McCarthy, J.M.1    Gumbricht, T.2    McCarthy, T.3    Frost, P.4    Wessels, K.5    Seidel, F.6
  • 27
    • 67849094094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing a MODIS Global Disturbance Index across North America
    • 10.1016/j.rse.2009.05.016
    • Mildrexler, D. J., Zhao, M., & Running, S. W. (2009). Testing a MODIS Global Disturbance Index across North America. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113, 2103-2117.
    • (2009) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.113 , pp. 2103-2117
    • Mildrexler, D.J.1    Zhao, M.2    Running, S.W.3
  • 28
    • 0036734138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation changes during a 36-year period in northern Chobe National Park, Botswana
    • 10.1046/j.1365-2028.2002.00361.x
    • Mosugelo, D., Moe, S. R., Ringrose, S., & Nelleman, C. (2002). Vegetation changes during a 36-year period in northern Chobe National Park, Botswana. African Journal of Ecology, 40(3), 232-240.
    • (2002) African Journal of Ecology , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 232-240
    • Mosugelo, D.1    Moe, S.R.2    Ringrose, S.3    Nelleman, C.4
  • 29
    • 0035880382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic and environmental change in Africa during the last two centuries
    • 10.3354/cr017123
    • Nicholson, S. E. (2001). Climatic and environmental change in Africa during the last two centuries. Climate Research, 17, 123-144.
    • (2001) Climate Research , vol.17 , pp. 123-144
    • Nicholson, S.E.1
  • 30
    • 0034233028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of recent rainfall conditions in West Africa, including the rainy seasons of the 1997 El Nino and 1998 la Nina Years
    • 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<2628:AAORRC>2.0.CO;2
    • Nicholson, S. E., Some, B., & Kone, B. (2000). An analysis of recent rainfall conditions in West Africa, including the rainy seasons of the 1997 El Nino and 1998 La Nina Years. Journal of Climate, 13, 2628-2640.
    • (2000) Journal of Climate , vol.13 , pp. 2628-2640
    • Nicholson, S.E.1    Some, B.2    Kone, B.3
  • 31
    • 0344066290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of TRMM and other rainfall estimates with a high-density gauge dataset for West Africa. Part I: Validation of GPCC rainfall product and pre-TRMM satellite and blended products
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<1337:VOTAOR>2.0.CO;2
    • Nicholson, B., Some, J., McCollum, E., Nelkin, D., Klotter, Y., Berte, B. M., et al. (2003). Validation of TRMM and other rainfall estimates with a high-density gauge dataset for West Africa. Part I: Validation of GPCC rainfall product and pre-TRMM satellite and blended products. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 42, 1337-1354.
    • (2003) Journal of Applied Meteorology , vol.42 , pp. 1337-1354
    • Nicholson, B.1    Some, J.2    McCollum, E.3    Nelkin, D.4    Klotter, Y.5    Berte, B.M.6
  • 32
    • 31344439443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear dynamics in arid and semi-arid systems: Interactions among drivers and processes across scales
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.05.010
    • Peters, D. P. C., & Havstad, K. M. (2006). Nonlinear dynamics in arid and semi-arid systems: interactions among drivers and processes across scales. Journal of Arid Environments, 65, 196-206.
    • (2006) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.65 , pp. 196-206
    • Peters, D.P.C.1    Havstad, K.M.2
  • 33
    • 34547763845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global inundation dynamics inferred from multiple satellite observations, 1993-2000
    • 10.1029/2006JD007847
    • Prigent, C., Papa, F., Aires, F., Rossow, W. B., & Matthews, E. (2007). Global inundation dynamics inferred from multiple satellite observations, 1993-2000. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D12107.
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.112 , pp. 12107
    • Prigent, C.1    Papa, F.2    Aires, F.3    Rossow, W.B.4    Matthews, E.5
  • 35
    • 3242777678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing signature variability in unmixing coastal marsh Thematic Mapper scenes using spectral indices
    • 10.1080/01431160310001618103
    • Rogers, A. S., & Kearney, M. S. (2004). Reducing signature variability in unmixing coastal marsh Thematic Mapper scenes using spectral indices. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 20, 2317-2335.
    • (2004) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.20 , pp. 2317-2335
    • Rogers, A.S.1    Kearney, M.S.2
  • 36
    • 25844472381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elephant Loxodonta africana driven woodland conversion to shrubland improves dry-season browse availability for impalas Aepyceros melampus
    • 10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[207:ELADWC]2.0.CO;2
    • Rutina, L. P., Moe, S. R., & Swenson, J. E. (2005). Elephant Loxodonta africana driven woodland conversion to shrubland improves dry-season browse availability for impalas Aepyceros melampus. Wildlife Biology, 11, 207-213.
    • (2005) Wildlife Biology , vol.11 , pp. 207-213
    • Rutina, L.P.1    Moe, S.R.2    Swenson, J.E.3
  • 37
    • 34250303986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting temporal changes in the extent of annual flooding within the Cambodia and the Vietnamese Mekong Delta from MODIS time-series imagery
    • 10.1016/j.rse.2007.01.011
    • Sakamoto, T., Van Nguyen, N., Kotera, A., Ohno, H., Ishitsuka, N., & Yokozawa, M. (2007). Detecting temporal changes in the extent of annual flooding within the Cambodia and the Vietnamese Mekong Delta from MODIS time-series imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 109, 295-313.
    • (2007) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.109 , pp. 295-313
    • Sakamoto, T.1    Van Nguyen, N.2    Kotera, A.3    Ohno, H.4    Ishitsuka, N.5    Yokozawa, M.6
  • 38
    • 67049144635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agro-ecological interpretation of rice cropping systems in flood-prone areas using MODIS imagery
    • Sakamoto, T., Phung, V. C., et al. (2009). Agro-ecological interpretation of rice cropping systems in flood-prone areas using MODIS imagery. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 75(4), 413-424.
    • (2009) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 413-424
    • Sakamoto, T.1    Phung, V.C.2
  • 39
    • 28644450403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of woody cover in African savanna
    • 10.1038/nature04070 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1ynsrrP
    • Sankaran, M., Hanan, N. P., Scholes, R. J., Ratnam, J., Augustine, D. J., Cade, B. S., et al. (2005). Determinants of woody cover in African savanna. Nature, 438(8), 846-849.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.438 , Issue.8 , pp. 846-849
    • Sankaran, M.1    Hanan, N.P.2    Scholes, R.J.3    Ratnam, J.4    Augustine, D.J.5    Cade, B.S.6
  • 40
  • 41
    • 0031200845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite remote sensing of river inundation area, stage, and discharge: A review
    • 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199708)11:10<1427: AID-HYP473>3.0.CO;2-S
    • Smith, L. P. (1997). Satellite remote sensing of river inundation area, stage, and discharge: a review. Hydrological Processes, 11, 1427-1439.
    • (1997) Hydrological Processes , vol.11 , pp. 1427-1439
    • Smith, L.P.1
  • 42
    • 31344434445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-scale temporal variation in water availability: Implications for vegetation dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.06.023
    • Snyder, K. A., & Tartowski, S. L. (2006). Multi-scale temporal variation in water availability: implications for vegetation dynamics in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments, 65, 219-234.
    • (2006) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.65 , pp. 219-234
    • Snyder, K.A.1    Tartowski, S.L.2
  • 43
    • 0031177944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of spectral, spatial, and radiometric characteristics on remote sensing vegetation indices of forested regions
    • 10.1016/S0034-4257(96)00248-9
    • Teillet, P. M., Staenz, K., & William, D. J. (1997). Effects of spectral, spatial, and radiometric characteristics on remote sensing vegetation indices of forested regions. Remote Sensing of Environment, 61(1), 139-149.
    • (1997) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 139-149
    • Teillet, P.M.1    Staenz, K.2    William, D.J.3
  • 45
    • 80051754483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of MODIS EVI in identifying hurricane disturbance to coastal vegetation in the northern Gulf of Mexico
    • 10.3390/rs2010001
    • Wang, F., & D'Sa, E. (2010). Potential of MODIS EVI in identifying hurricane disturbance to coastal vegetation in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Remote Sensing, 2, 1-18.
    • (2010) Remote Sensing , vol.2 , pp. 1-18
    • Wang, F.1    D'Sa, E.2
  • 46
    • 2342539147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effects of human-induced land degradation in the former homelands of northern South Africa with a 1 km AVHRR NDVI time-series
    • 10.1016/j.rse.2004.02.005
    • Wessels, K. J., Prince, S. D., Frost, P. E., & van Zyl, D. (2004). Assessing the effects of human-induced land degradation in the former homelands of northern South Africa with a 1 km AVHRR NDVI time-series. Remote Sensing of Environment, 91, 47-67.
    • (2004) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.91 , pp. 47-67
    • Wessels, K.J.1    Prince, S.D.2    Frost, P.E.3    Van Zyl, D.4
  • 47
    • 25444471838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainfall-driven episodic flood events: Are they a major factor in moulding New South Wales arid land vegetation patterns?
    • 10.1080/00049180500153476
    • Westbrooke, M. E., & Florentine, S. K. (2005). Rainfall-driven episodic flood events: are they a major factor in moulding New South Wales arid land vegetation patterns? Australian Geographer, 36(2), 171-181.
    • (2005) Australian Geographer , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-181
    • Westbrooke, M.E.1    Florentine, S.K.2
  • 48
    • 25444502612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arid land vegetation dynamics after a rare flooding event: Influence of fire and grazing
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.09.004
    • Westbrooke, M. E., Florentine, S. K., & Milberg, P. (2005). Arid land vegetation dynamics after a rare flooding event: influence of fire and grazing. Journal of Arid Environments, 61(2), 249-260.
    • (2005) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-260
    • Westbrooke, M.E.1    Florentine, S.K.2    Milberg, P.3
  • 49
    • 0023516554 scopus 로고
    • The Southern Oscillation in surface circulation and climate over the tropical Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, and Indian Oceans as captured by cluster analysis
    • 10.1175/1520-0450(1987)026<0540:TSOISC>2.0.CO;2
    • Wolter, K. (1987). The Southern Oscillation in surface circulation and climate over the tropical Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, and Indian Oceans as captured by cluster analysis. J Climate Appl Meteor, 26, 540-558.
    • (1987) J Climate Appl Meteor , vol.26 , pp. 540-558
    • Wolter, K.1
  • 50
    • 34249007635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the strength of ENSO events - How does 1997/98 rank?
    • 10.1002/j.1477-8696.1998.tb06408.x
    • Wolter, K., & Timlin, M. S. (1998). Measuring the strength of ENSO events - how does 1997/98 rank? Weather, 53, 315-324.
    • (1998) Weather , vol.53 , pp. 315-324
    • Wolter, K.1    Timlin, M.S.2
  • 51
    • 77649183657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting the spatio-temporal changes of tidal flood in estuarine wetlands by using MODIS time series data
    • 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.01.019
    • Yan, Y. E., Ouyang, Z. T., Guo, H. Q., Jin, S. S., & Zhao, B. (2010). Detecting the spatio-temporal changes of tidal flood in estuarine wetlands by using MODIS time series data. Journal of Hydrology, 384, 156-163.
    • (2010) Journal of Hydrology , vol.384 , pp. 156-163
    • Yan, Y.E.1    Ouyang, Z.T.2    Guo, H.Q.3    Jin, S.S.4    Zhao, B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.