Decoupling the influence of permeability and conductivity in pulsed eddy-current measurements

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 1119-1127

  Adewale, Ibukun Dapo ^a   Tian, Gui Yun ^a,b  

^a NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b CHONGQING UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Conductivity; normalization; permeability; pulsed eddy current (PEC)

Indexed keywords

AMPLITUDE CHANGES; COATING THICKNESS; DEPTH INFORMATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES; FREQUENCY DOMAINS; HARSH ENVIRONMENT; HIGH BANDWIDTH; INHOMOGENEITIES; LOW COSTS; MAGNITUDE SPECTRUM; MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATIONS; NON DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION; NORMALIZATION; PERMEABILITY EFFECTS; PULSED EDDY CURRENT; RUN OUTS; SPECTRAL PATTERNS; STABLE PHASE; STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING (SHM); TEST MATERIALS; TIME DOMAIN;

EDDY CURRENTS; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL PERMEABILITY; SENSORS; STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING; TRANSIENT ANALYSIS;

EDDY CURRENT TESTING;

EID: 84874290572     PISSN: 00189464     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TMAG.2012.2225634     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. R. A. Smith and G. R. Hugo, "Transient eddy current NDE for ageing aircraft-Capabilities and limitations," Insight, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 14-25, 2001. (Pubitemid 32138609)
2. Y. Li, G. Y. Tian, and A. Simms, "Fast analytical modeling for pulsed eddy current evaluation," NDTE Int., vol. 41, pp. 477-483, 2008.
3. Y. He, M. Pan, F. Luo, and G. Tian, "Reduction of lift-off effects in pulsed eddy current for defect classification," IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 47, no. 12, pp. 4753-4760, Dec. 2011.
4. D. L. Waidelich, "Measurement of coating thickness by use of pulsed eddy currents," Mater. Eval., vol. 14, pp. 14-16, 1956.
5. H. Yang and C. Tai, "Pulsed eddy current measurement of a conducting coating on a magnetic metal plate," Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1259-65, 2002.
6. M. Morozov, G. Y. Tian, and P. J. Withers, "The pulsed eddy current response to applied loading of various aluminum alloys," NDTE Int., vol. 43, pp. 493-500, 2010.
7. D. G. Park, C. S. Angani, G. D. Kim, C. G. Kim, and Y.M. Cheong, "Evaluation of pulsed eddy current response and detection of the thickness variation in the stainless steel," IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 3893-3896, Oct. 2009.
8. G. Y. Tian, Z. X. Zhao, and R. W. Baines, "The research of inhomogeneity in eddy current sensors," Sens. Actuators A, Phys., vol. 69, pp. 148-151, 1998. (Pubitemid 128400891)
9. P. B. Petrovic and Z. Jakovljevic, "Dynamic compensation of electrical runout in eddy current contactless measurements of non-stationary ferromagnetic target," Sensor Lett., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 191-202, 2009.
10. D. H. Biggs, "Method for removing electrical runout in machine shafts and apparatus for use with the same," U.S. Patent 3 986 380, 1975.
11. Y. Yating, D. Pingan, and Y. Tuo, "Investigation on contribution of conductivity and permeability on electrical runout of eddy current displacement sensor," in Proc. IEEE Instrum.Meas. Technol. Conf., 2011, DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2011.5944208.
12. Y. Li, T. Theodoulidis, and G. Y. Tian, "Magnetic field-based eddy current modeling for multi-layered specimens," IEEE Trans. Magn., vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 4010-4015, Nov. 2007.
13. G. Y. Tian and A. Sophian, "Study of magnetic sensors for pulsed eddy current techniques," Insight, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 277-280, May 2005.
14. G. Y. Tian, Y. He, I. Adewale, and A. Simms, "Spectral behavior of pulsed eddy current NDE and applications," presented at the 18th World Conf. Nondestructive Testing, Durban, South Africa, Apr. 16-20, 2012.
15. S. Giguere and S. J. M. Dubios, "Pulsed eddy current: Finding corrosion independently of transducer lift-off," AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 509, pp. 449-456, 2000.
16. S. Giguere, B. A. Lepine, and J. M. S. Dubios, "Pulsed eddy current technology: Characterizing material loss with gap and lift-off variations," Res. Non-Destructive Eval., vol. 13, pp. 119-129, 2001. (Pubitemid 34091245)
17. A. Simms and G. Y. Tian, "Investigation of directional eddy current complex measurements for defect mapping," Insight, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 320-325, Jun. 2010.
18. J. Garcia-Martin, J. Gomez-Gil, and E. Vazquez-Sanchez, "Non-destructive techniques based on eddy current testing," Sensors, vol. 11, pp. 2525-2565, 2011.
19. B.A. Lepine, J. S. R. Giguere, D. S. Forsyth, A. Chahbaz, and J.M. S. Dubois, "Interpretation of pulsed eddy current signals for locating and quantifying metal loss in thin skin lap splices," AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 615, pp. 415-422, 2002.
20. O. F. Caltun, L. Spinu, A. Stancu, L. D. Thung, and W. Zhou, "Study of the microstructure and the permeability spectra of Ni-Zn-Cu ferrites," J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 242, pp. 160-162, 2002. (Pubitemid 34544800)
21. T. Nakamura, "Snoek's limit in high-frequency permeability of polycrystalline Ni-Zn,Mg-Zn and Ni-Zn-Cu spinel ferrites," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 348-353, 2000.
22. M. Blodgett and P. B. Nagy, "Anisotropic grain noise in eddy current inspection of noncubic polycrystalline metals," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 1045-1047, 1998. (Pubitemid 128677185)
23. "Comsol multiphysics," Users' Handbook, 2010.
24. S. A. C. Harmon, M. J. Hall, L. C. A. Henderson, and P. P. Munday, "Calibration of commercial conductivity meters for measuring small items," Inst. Electr. Eng. Proc.-Sci. Meas. Technol., vol. 151, no. 5, pp. 376-380, 2004.
25. Magnetic Materials-Methods for the Determination of the Relative Magnetic Permeability of Feebly Magnetic Materials, BS5884:1999, 1999.
26. M. J. Hall, A. E. Drake, S. A. C. Harmon, and C. I. Ager, "Low permeability reference standards with improved high magnetic field strength performance," Inst. Electr. Eng. Proc.-Sci. Meas. Technol., vol. 145, no. 4, pp. 181-83, 1988.
27. Y. He, G. Y. Tian, H. Zhang,M. Alamin, A. Simms, and P. Jackson, "Steel corrosion characterisation using pulsed eddy current systems," IEEE Sensors J., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 2113-2120, Jun. 2012.
28. I. Hughes and T. Hase, Measurements and Their Uncertainties. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford Univ. Press , 2010, pp. 55-56.
29. N. Bowler, "Frequency-dependence of relative permeability in steel," Rev. Quant. Nondestructive Eval., vol. 25, pp. 1269-1276, 2006. (Pubitemid 44899011)
30. J. Slama, P. Krivosik, and V. Jancarik, "Modification of permeability components modeling," J. Magn. Magn. Mater., vol. 215-216, pp. 641-643, 2000.