The Impact of Syphilis Screening among Female Sex Workers in China: A Modelling Study

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Mitchell, Kate M ^a   Cox, Andrew P ^a   Mabey, David ^a   Tucker, Joseph D ^a,b   Peeling, Rosanna W ^a   Vickerman, Peter ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL TRANSMISSION; CHINA; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; MASS SCREENING; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PATIENT SAFETY; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; PROSTITUTION; REINFECTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SCREENING TEST; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SYPHILIS;

CHINA; FEMALE; HUMANS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEX WORKERS; SYPHILIS;

EID: 84873823182     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055622     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Pirkle C, Soundardjee R, Stella A, (2007) Female sex workers in China: vectors of disease.? Sex Transm Dis 34: 695-703.
2. Yang H, Li X, Stanton B, (2005) Condom use among female sex workers in China: role of the gatekeepers. Sex Transm Dis 32: 572-580.
3. van den Hoek A, Yuliang F, Dukers NH, Zhiheng C, Jiangting F, et al. (2001) High prevalence of syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases among sex workers in China: potential for fast spread of HIV. AIDS 15: 753-759.
4. Wang H, Chen RY, Ding G, Ma Y, Ma J, et al. (2009) Prevalence and predictors of HIV infection among female sex workers in Kaiyuan City, Yunnan Province, China. Int J Infect Dis 13: 162-169.
5. Lau JT, Tsui HY, Siah PC, Zhang KL, (2002) A study on female sex workers in southern China (Shenzhen): HIV-related knowledge, condom use and STD history. AIDS Care 14: 219-233.
6. China Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2004) National epidemiological report of sexually transmitted diseases in 2003. Beijing: CDC.
7. Gil VE, Wang MS, Anderson AF, Lin GM, Wu ZO, (1996) Prostitutes, prostitution and STD/HIV transmission in mainland China. Soc Sci Med 42: 141-152.
8. Lin CC, Gao X, Chen XS, Chen Q, Cohen MS, (2006) China's syphilis epidemic: a systematic review of seroprevalence studies. Sex Transm Dis 33: 726-736.
9. Zhong N, Lu YZ, Wang FG, (2002) Analysis of syphilis testing results of 3939 sex workers. Chin Tropical Med pp. 2100-2101.
10. Myer L, Wilkinson D, Lombard C, Zuma K, Rotchford K, et al. (2003) Impact of on-site testing for maternal syphilis on treatment delays, treatment rates, and perinatal mortality in rural South Africa: a randomised controlled trial. Sex Transm Infect 79: 208-213.
11. West B, Walraven G, Morison L, Brouwers J, Bailey R, (2002) Performance of the rapid plasma reagin and the rapid syphilis screening tests in the diagnosis of syphilis in field conditions in rural Africa. Sex Transm Infect 78: 282-285.
12. Mukenge-Tshibaka L, Alary M, Lowndes CM, Van Dyck E, Guedou A, et al. (2002) Syndromic versus laboratory-based diagnosis of cervical infections among female sex workers in Benin: implications of nonattendance for return visits. Sex Transm Dis 29: 324-330.
13. Mishra S, Naik B, Venugopal B, Kudur P, Washington R, et al. (2010) Syphilis screening among female sex workers in Bangalore, India: comparison of point-of-care testing and traditional serological approaches. Sex Transm Infect 86: 193-198.
14. Herring A, Ballard R, Mabey D, Peeling RW, (2006) Evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests: syphilis. Nat Rev Microbiol 4(S): S33-40.
15. Mabey D, Peeling RW, Ballard R, Benzaken AS, Galban E, et al. (2006) Prospective, multi-centre clinic-based evaluation of four rapid diagnostic tests for syphilis. Sex Transm Infect 82(S5): v13-16.
16. The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diagnostics Initiative (SDI), Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) (2006) The use of rapid syphilis tests. Geneva.
17. Garnett GP, Aral SO, Hoyle DV, Cates W Jr, Anderson RM, (1997) The natural history of syphilis. Implications for the transmission dynamics and control of infection. Sex Transm Dis 24: 185-200.
18. Pourbohloul B, Rekart ML, Brunham RC, (2003) Impact of mass treatment on syphilis transmission: a mathematical modeling approach. Sex Transm Dis 30: 297-305.
19. Grassly NC, Fraser C, Garnett GP, (2005) Host immunity and synchronized epidemics of syphilis across the United States. Nature 433: 417-421.
20. Vickerman P, Foss AM, Pickles M, Deering K, Verma S, et al. (2010) To what extent is the HIV epidemic in southern India driven by commercial sex? A modelling analysis. AIDS 24: 2563-2572.
21. Foss AM, Vickerman PT, Alary M, Watts CH, (2009) How much could a microbicide's sexually transmitted infection efficacy contribute to reducing HIV risk and the level of condom use needed to lower risk? Model estimates. Sex Transm Infect 85: 276-282.
22. Boily M-C, Lowndes C, Alary M, (2002) The impact of HIV epidemic phases on the effectiveness of core group interventions: insights from mathematical models. Sex Transm Infect 78(S1): i78-i90.
23. Vickerman P, Watts C, Peeling RW, Mabey D, Alary M, (2006) Modelling the cost effectiveness of rapid point of care diagnostic tests for the control of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers. Sex Transm Infect 82: 403-412.
24. Vickerman P, Ndowa F, O'Farrell N, Steen R, Alary M, et al. (2010) Using mathematical modelling to estimate the impact of periodic presumptive treatment on the transmission of sexually transmitted infections and HIV among female sex workers. Sex Transm Infect 86: 163-168.
25. Williams JR, Foss AM, Vickerman P, Watts C, Ramesh BM, et al. (2006) What is the achievable effectiveness of the India AIDS initiative intervention among female sex workers under target coverage? Model projections from southern India. Sex Transm Infect 82: 372-380.
26. Garnett GP, Anderson RM, (1996) Sexually transmitted diseases and sexual behavior: insights from mathematical models. J Infect Dis 174Suppl 2: S150-161.
27. Heijne JCM, Althaus CL, Herzog SA, Kretzschmar M, Low N, (2011) The role of reinfection and partner notification in the efficacy of chlamydia screening programs. J Infect Dis 203: 372-377.
28. Korenromp EL, Van Vliet C, Grosskurth H, Gavyole A, Van der Ploeg CPB, et al. (2000) Model-based evaluation of single-round mass treatment of sexually transmitted diseases for HIV control in a rural African population. AIDS 14: 573-593.
29. Lukehart SA (2008) Biology of Treponemes. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, Piot P, Wasserheit JN et al., editors. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill. pp. 648-659.
30. Ferguson NM, Garnett GP, (2000) More realistic models of sexually transmitted disease transmission dynamics-Sexual partnership networks, pair models, and moment closure. Sex Transm Dis 27: 600-609.
31. Kretzschmar M, Dietz K, (1998) The effect of pair formation and variable infectivity on the spread of an infection without recovery. Math Biosci 148: 83-113.
32. Xu JJ, Wang N, Lu L, Pu Y, Zhang GL, et al. (2008) HIV and STIs in clients and female sex workers in mining regions of Gejiu City, China. Sex Transm Dis 35: 558-565.
33. Lau JT, Wan SP, Yu XN, Cheng F, Zhang Y, et al. (2009) Changes in condom use behaviours among clients of female sex workers in China. Sex Transm Infect 85: 376-382.
34. Indian Council of Medical Research & Family Health International (2007) National Interim Summary Report-India, Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment (IBBA), Round 1 (2005-2007). Available: http://ibbainfo.in/keydoc/reports/NSRR1.pdf. Accessed 7 January 2013.
35. Lowndes CM, Alary M, Gnintoungbe CA, Bedard E, Mukenge L, et al. (2000) Management of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV prevention in men at high risk: targeting clients and non-paying sexual partners of female sex workers in Benin. AIDS 14: 2523-2534.
36. Liu D, Ng ML, Zhou LP, Haeberle EJ (1997) Sexual behaviour in modern China: report on the nation-wide survey of 20000 men and women. New York.
37. Chinese Health and Family Life Survey (2000) Chinese Health and Family Life Survey. Available: http://popcenter.uchicago.edu/data/chfls.shtml. Accessed 7 January 2013.
38. Yang C, Latkin C, Luan R, Wang C, Nelson K, (2010) HIV, syphilis, hepatitis C and risk behaviours among commercial sex male clients in Sichuan province, China. Sex Transm Infect 86: 559-564.
39. Blower SM, Dowlatabadi H, (1994) Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of complex models of disease transmission-an HIV model, as an example. Int Stat Rev 62: 229-243.
40. Briggs A, Sculpher M, Claxton K (2006) Decision modelling for health economic evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
41. Vickerman P, Peeling RW, Terris-Prestholt F, Changalucha J, Mabey D, et al. (2006) Modelling the cost-effectiveness of introducing rapid syphilis tests into an antenatal syphilis screening programme in Mwanza, Tanzania. Sex Transm Infect 82(S5): v38-43.
42. Chen XS, Yin YP, Wei WH, Peeling R, (2011) S2.3 Screening high-risk populations using rapid syphilis tests: the importance of social and cultural contexts. Sex Transm Infect 87(S1): A2-A3.
43. Moore M, Price E, Knox J, Elgin J, (1963) Epidemiologic treatment of contacts to infectious syphilis. Pub Hlth Rep 78: 966-970.
44. Schroeter AL, Lucas JB, Price EV, VH F, (1972) Treatment for early syphilis and reactivity of serologic tests. JAMA 221: 471-476.
45. CDC (1968) Syphilis-a synopsis.: U.S.Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga.
46. Sparling PF, Swartz MN, Musher DM, Healy BP (2008) Clinical manifestations of syphilis. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, Piot P, Wasserheit JN et al., editors. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 4 ed. New York: McGraw-Hillpp. 661-684.
47. Magnuson H, Thomas H, Olansky S, Kaplan B, De Mello L, et al. (1965) Innoculation syphilis in human volunteers. Medicine 35: 33-82.
48. Bruusgaard E, (1929) Ueber das Schicksal der nicht specifisch behandelten Luetiker. Arch Dermat und Syph 157: 309.
49. Clark EG, Danbolt N, (1955) The Oslo study of the natural history of untreated syphilis; an epidemiologic investigation based on a restudy of the Boeck-Bruusgaard material; a review and appraisal. J Chronic Dis 2: 311-344.
50. Mandell, Bennett A, Dolin R (2005) Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill Livinstone.
51. Reynolds SJ, Risbud AR, Shepherd ME, Rompalo AM, Ghate MV, et al. (2006) High rates of syphilis among STI patients are contributing to the spread of HIV-1 in India. Sex Transm Infect 82: 121-126.
52. Weller SC, Davis-Beaty K (2002) Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.