Vascular risk factors and depression in later life: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 73, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 406-413

  Valkanova, Vyara ^a   Ebmeier, Klaus P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular; major depressive disorder; meta analysis; old age; risk; stroke

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EFFECT SIZE; EMBASE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; LATE LIFE DEPRESSION; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCINFO; PUBLISHING; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SMOKING; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING;

EID: 84873725349     PISSN: 00063223     EISSN: 18732402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.10.028     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. G.S. Alexopoulos, S.K. Schultz, and B.D. Lebowitz Late-life depression: A model for medical classification Biol Psychiatry 58 2005 283 289
2. I.B. Hickie, S.L. Naismith, L.M. Norrie, and E.M. Scott Managing depression across the life cycle: New strategies for clinicians and their patients Intern Med J 39 2009 720 727
3. A.J. Thomas, P. Gallagher, L.J. Robinson, R.J. Porter, A.H. Young, and I.N. Ferrier A comparison of neurocognitive impairment in younger and older adults with major depression Psychol Med 39 2009 725 733
4. G.S. Alexopoulos, D.N. Kiosses, M. Heo, C.F. Murphy, B. Shanmugham, and F. Gunning-Dixon Executive dysfunction and the course of geriatric depression Biol Psychiatry 58 2005 204 210
5. G.S. Alexopoulos, B.S. Meyers, R.C. Young, T. Kakuma, D. Silbersweig, and M. Charlson Clinically defined vascular depression Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 562 565
6. G.S. Alexopoulos, D.N. Kiosses, S. Klimstra, B. Kalayam, and M.L. Bruce Clinical presentation of the depression-executive dysfunction syndrome of late life Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 10 2002 98 106
7. K.A. Lockwood, G.S. Alexopoulos, and W.G. van Gorp Executive dysfunction in geriatric depression Am J Psychiatry 159 2002 1119 1126
8. I.B. Hickie, S.L. Naismith, P.B. Ward, C.L. Little, M. Pearson, and E.M. Scott Psychomotor slowing in older patients with major depression: Relationships with blood flow in the caudate nucleus and white matter lesions Psychiatry Res 155 2007 211 220
9. L.L. Herrmann, G.M. Goodwin, and K.P. Ebmeier The cognitive neuropsychology of depression in the elderly Psychol Med 37 2007 1693 1702
10. S. Kohler, A.J. Thomas, N.A. Barnett, and J.T. O'Brien The pattern and course of cognitive impairment in late-life depression Psychol Med 40 2010 591 602
11. J.S. Saczynski, A. Beiser, S. Seshadri, S. Auerbach, P.A. Wolf, and R. Au Depressive symptoms and risk of dementia: The Framingham Heart Study Neurology 75 2010 35 41
12. J.C. de Groot, F.E. de Leeuw, M. Oudkerk, A. Hofman, J. Jolles, and M.M. Breteler Cerebral white matter lesions and depressive symptoms in elderly adults Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 2000 1071 1076
13. R.C. Baldwin Is vascular depression a distinct sub-type of depressive disorder? A review of causal evidence Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 20 2005 1 11
14. W.D. Taylor, J.R. MacFall, M.E. Payne, D.R. McQuoid, D.C. Steffens, and J.M. Provenzale Greater MRI lesion volumes in elderly depressed subjects than in control subjects Psychiatry Res 139 2005 1 7
15. L.L. Herrmann, M. Le Masurier, and K.P. Ebmeier White matter hyperintensities in late life depression: A systematic review J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79 2008 619 624
16. J. O'Brien, P. Desmond, D. Ames, I. Schweitzer, S. Harrigan, and B. Tress A magnetic resonance imaging study of white matter lesions in depression and Alzheimer's disease Br J Psychiatry 168 1996 477 485
17. A. Seldenrijk, H.P. van Hout, H.W. van Marwijk, E. de Groot, J. Gort, and C. Rustemeijer Carotid atherosclerosis in depression and anxiety: Associations for age of depression onset World J Biol Psychiatry 12 2011 549 558
18. G.S. Alexopoulos, B.S. Meyers, R.C. Young, S. Campbell, D. Silbersweig, and M. Charlson 'Vascular depression' hypothesis Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1997 915 922
19. K.R. Krishnan, W.D. Taylor, D.R. McQuoid, J.R. MacFall, M.E. Payne, and J.M. Provenzale Clinical characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging-defined subcortical ischemic depression Biol Psychiatry 55 2004 390 397
20. Culang-Reinlieb ME, Johnert LC, Brickman AM, Steffens DC, Garcon E, Sneed JR (2011): MRI-defined vascular depression: A review of the construct. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 26:1101-1108.
21. K.R. Krishnan, J.C. Hays, and D.G. Blazer MRI-defined vascular depression Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 497 501
22. J.M. Lyness, E.D. Caine, C. Cox, D.A. King, Y. Conwell, and T. Olivares Cerebrovascular risk factors and later-life major depression. Testing a small-vessel brain disease model Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 6 1998 5 13
23. B.S. Greenwald, E. Kramer-Ginsberg, K.R. Krishnan, M. Ashtari, C. Auerbach, and M. Patel Neuroanatomic localization of magnetic resonance imaging signal hyperintensities in geriatric depression Stroke 29 1998 613 617
24. K. Wager-Smith, and A. Markou Depression: A repair response to stress-induced neuronal microdamage that can grade into a chronic neuroinflammatory condition? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35 2011 742 764
25. D.C. Steffens, H.B. Bosworth, J.M. Provenzale, and J.R. MacFall Subcortical white matter lesions and functional impairment in geriatric depression Depress Anxiety 15 2002 23 28
26. E.M. Whyte, and B.H. Mulsant Post stroke depression: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and biological treatment Biol Psychiatry 52 2002 253 264
27. C.Q. Huang, B.R. Dong, Z.C. Lu, J.R. Yue, and Q.X. Liu Chronic diseases and risk for depression in old age: A meta-analysis of published literature Ageing Res Rev 9 2010 131 141
28. R.G. Robinson, and G. Spalletta Poststroke depression: A review Can J Psychiatry 55 2010 341 349
29. I. Hickie, E. Scott, S. Naismith, P.B. Ward, K. Turner, and G. Parker Late-onset depression: Genetic, vascular and clinical contributions Psychol Med 31 2001 1403 1412
30. B.T. Mast, T. Miles, B.W. Penninx, K. Yaffe, C. Rosano, and S. Satterfield Vascular disease and future risk of depressive symptomatology in older adults: Findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study Biol Psychiatry 64 2008 320 326
31. B. Yochim, B.T. Mast, and P.A. Lichtenberg Cerebrovascular risk factors and depressed mood in inner city older adults Clinical Psychologist 7 2003 11 20
32. P. Naarding, R.A. Schoevers, J.G. Janzing, C. Jonker, P.J. Koudstaal, and A.T. Beekman A study on symptom profiles of late-life depression: The influence of vascular, degenerative and inflammatory risk-indicators J Affect Disord 88 2005 155 162
33. B.P. Yochim, S.P. Kerkar, and P.A. Lichtenberg Cerebrovascular risk factors, activity limitations, and depressed mood in African American older adults Psychol Aging 21 2006 186 189
34. C. Holley, S.A. Murrell, and B.T. Mast Psychosocial and vascular risk factors for depression in the elderly Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 14 2006 84 90
35. J.A. Zimmerman, B.T. Mast, T. Miles, and K.S. Markides Vascular risk and depression in the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (EPESE) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 24 2009 409 416
36. J.M. Lyness, E.D. Caine, D.A. King, Y. Conwell, C. Cox, and P.R. Duberstein Cerebrovascular risk factors and depression in older primary care patients: Testing a vascular brain disease model of depression Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 7 1999 252 258
37. J.M. Lyness, D.A. King, Y. Conwell, C. Cox, and E.D. Caine Cerebrovascular risk factors and 1-year depression outcome in older primary care patients Am J Psychiatry 157 2000 1499 1501
38. R. Stewart, M. Prince, A. Mann, M. Richards, and C. Brayne Stroke, vascular risk factors and depression: Cross-sectional study in a UK Caribbean-born population Br J Psychiatry 178 2001 23 28
39. J.M. Kim, R. Stewart, I.S. Shin, and J.S. Yoon Previous stroke but not vascular risk factors are associated with depression in a cognitively impaired older Korean population Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 17 2002 453 458
40. J.M. Kim, R. Stewart, I.S. Shin, and J.S. Yoon Vascular disease/risk and late-life depression in a Korean community population Br J Psychiatry 185 2004 102 107
41. E. Licht-Strunk, M.A. Bremmer, H.W. van Marwijk, D.J. Deeg, W.J. Hoogendijk, and M. de Haan Depression in older persons with versus without vascular disease in the open population: Similar depressive symptom patterns, more disability J Affect Disord 83 2004 155 160
42. J. Cervilla, M. Prince, and S. Rabe-Hesketh Vascular disease risk factors as determinants of incident depressive symptoms: A prospective community-based study Psychol Med 34 2004 635 641
43. P. Naarding, H. Tiemeier, M.M. Breteler, R.A. Schoevers, C. Jonker, and P.J. Koudstaal Clinically defined vascular depression in the general population Psychol Med 37 2007 383 392
44. J. Nuyen, P.M. Spreeuwenberg, A.T. Beekman, P.P. Groenewegen, G.A. van den Bos, and F.G. Schellevis Cerebrovascular risk factors and subsequent depression in older general practice patients J Affect Disord 99 2007 73 81
45. R.S. Newson, K. Hek, H.J. Luijendijk, A. Hofman, J.C. Witteman, and H. Tiemeier Atherosclerosis and incident depression in late life Arch Gen Psychiatry 67 2010 1144 1151
46. M. Kivimaki, M.J. Shipley, C.L. Allan, C.E. Sexton, M. Jokela, and M. Virtanen Vascular risk status as a predictor of later-life depressive symptoms: A cohort study Biol Psychiatry 72 2012 324 330
47. M.J. Knol, J.W. Twisk, A.T. Beekman, R.J. Heine, F.J. Snoek, and F. Pouwer Depression as a risk factor for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A meta-analysis Diabetologia 49 2006 837 845
48. A.A. Ariyo, M. Haan, C.M. Tangen, J.C. Rutledge, M. Cushman, A. Dobs, and C.D. Furberg Depressive symptoms and risks of coronary heart disease and mortality in elderly Americans. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group Circulation 102 2000 1773 1779
49. S.L. Larson, P.L. Owens, D. Ford, and W. Eaton Depressive disorder, dysthymia, and risk of stroke: Thirteen-year follow-up from the Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area study Stroke 32 2001 1979 1983
50. R.M. Carney, and K.E. Freedland Depression, mortality, and medical morbidity in patients with coronary heart disease Biol Psychiatry 54 2003 241 247
51. M. van den Akker, A. Schuurman, J. Metsemakers, and F. Buntinx Is depression related to subsequent diabetes mellitus? Acta Psychiatr Scand 110 2004 178 183
52. D.E. Ford, L.A. Mead, P.P. Chang, L. Cooper-Patrick, N.Y. Wang, and M.J. Klag Depression is a risk factor for coronary artery disease in men: The precursors study Arch Intern Med 158 1998 1422 1426
53. K. Van der Kooy, H. van Hout, H. Marwijk, H. Marten, C. Stehouwer, and A. Beekman Depression and the risk for cardiovascular diseases: Systematic review and meta analysis Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 22 2007 613 626
54. M.L. Sanders, J.M. Lyness, S. Eberly, D.A. King, and E.D. Caine Cerebrovascular risk factors, executive dysfunction, and depression in older primary care patients Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 14 2006 145 152
55. R. Stewart, and V. Hirani General health status and vascular disorders as correlates of late-life depressive symptoms in a national survey sample Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 25 2010 483 488
56. M.J. Prince, R.H. Harwood, R.A. Blizard, A. Thomas, and A.H. Mann Impairment, disability and handicap as risk factors for depression in old age. The Gospel Oak Project V Psychol Med 27 1997 311 321
57. S.S. Hedayati, V. Yalamanchili, and F.O. Finkelstein A practical approach to the treatment of depression in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease Kidney Int 81 2012 247 255
58. R.C. Baldwin, and J. O'Brien Vascular basis of late-onset depressive disorder Br J Psychiatry 180 2002 157 160
59. V. Camus, H. Kraehenbuhl, M. Preisig, C.J. Bula, and G. Waeber Geriatric depression and vascular diseases: What are the links? J Affect Disord 81 2004 1 16
60. H.C. Kales, D.F. Maixner, and A.M. Mellow Cerebrovascular disease and late-life depression Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 13 2005 88 98
61. N, Rossi G Samaras, P. Giannakopoulos, and G. Gold Vascular depression. An age related mood disorder Eur Geriatr Medicine 1 2010 220 225
62. J.R. Sneed, and M.E. Culang-Reinlieb The vascular depression hypothesis: An update Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 19 2011 99 103
63. P.A. Wolf, R.B. D'Agostino, A.J. Belanger, and W.B. Kannel Probability of stroke: A risk profile from the Framingham Study Stroke 22 1991 312 318
64. R.B. D'Agostino, P.A. Wolf, A.J. Belanger, and W.B. Kannel Stroke risk profile: Adjustment for antihypertensive medication. The Framingham Study Stroke 25 1994 40 43
65. Biostat Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.2.048 2006 Biostat Englewood, New Jersey
66. P. Ellis The Essential Guide to Effect Sizes: Statistical Power, Meta-Analysis, and the Interpretation of Research Results 1st ed. 2010 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK
67. M. Borenstein, L. Hedges, J. Higgins, and H. Rothstein Introduction to Meta-Analysis 1st ed 2009 John Wiley and Sons Cichester, UK
68. A.J. Oldehinkel, J. Ormel, E.I. Brilman, and M.D. van den Berg Psychosocial and vascular risk factors of depression in later life J Affect Disord 74 2003 237 246
69. B.T. Mast, S.E. MacNeill, and P.A. Lichtenberg Post-stroke and clinically-defined vascular depression in geriatric rehabilitation patients Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 12 2004 84 92
70. W.D. Taylor, D.R. McQuoid, and K.R. Krishnan Medical comorbidity in late-life depression Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 19 2004 935 943
71. D.J. Vinkers, M.L. Stek, R.C. van der Mast, A.J. de Craen, S. Le Cessie, and J. Jolles Generalized atherosclerosis, cognitive decline, and depressive symptoms in old age Neurology 65 2005 107 112
72. M.K. Rainer, H.A. Mucke, S. Zehetmayer, W. Krampla, T. Kuselbauer, and S. Weissgram Data from the VITA study do not support the concept of vascular depression Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 14 2006 531 537
73. J.M. Kim, R. Stewart, S.W. Kim, S.J. Yang, I.S. Shin, and J.S. Yoon Vascular risk factors and incident late-life depression in a Korean population Br J Psychiatry 189 2006 26 30
74. O.P. Almeida, L. Flicker, P. Norman, G.J. Hankey, S. Vasikaran, and F.M. van Bockxmeer Association of cardiovascular risk factors and disease with depression in later life Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 15 2007 506 513
75. H.J. Luijendijk, B.H. Stricker, A. Hofman, J.C. Witteman, and H. Tiemeier Cerebrovascular risk factors and incident depression in community-dwelling elderly Acta Psychiatr Scand 118 2008 139 148
76. K.Y. Wu, C.Y. Liu, Y.L. Chau, and C.M. Chang Transient ischemic attack and incidence of depression in old age: Evidence from a population-based analysis in Taiwan Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 18 2010 382 387
77. R.B. Dalby, M.M. Chakravarty, J. Ahdidan, L. Sorensen, J. Frandsen, and K.Y. Jonsdottir Localization of white-matter lesions and effect of vascular risk factors in late-onset major depression Psychol Med 40 2010 1389 1399
78. B.S. Kim, D.H. Lee, D.W. Lee, J.N. Bae, S.M. Chang, and S. Kim The role of vascular risk factors in the development of DED syndrome among an elderly community sample Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 19 2011 104 114
79. J.E. Park, and J.E. Lee Cardiovascular disease risk factors and depression in Korean women: Results from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Psychiatry Res 190 2011 232 239
80. A. Nouwen, K. Winkley, J. Twisk, C.E. Lloyd, M. Peyrot, and K. Ismail Type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the onset of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis Diabetologia 53 2010 2480 2486
81. M.M. Breteler, J.C. van Swieten, M.L. Bots, D.E. Grobbee, J.J. Claus, and J.H. van den Hout Cerebral white matter lesions, vascular risk factors, and cognitive function in a population-based study: The Rotterdam Study Neurology 44 1994 1246 1252
82. H. Slavin, J. McManus, and D.J. Stott Small vessel cerebrovascular disease in older adults Rev Clin Gerontology 22 2012 184 194
83. C. Lahoz, and J.M. Mostaza [Atherosclerosis as a systemic disease] Rev Esp Cardiol 60 2007 184 195
84. C. Dufouil, A. de Kersaint-Gilly, V. Besancon, C. Levy, E. Auffray, and L. Brunnereau Longitudinal study of blood pressure and white matter hyperintensities: The EVA MRI Cohort Neurology 56 2001 921 926
85. E.J. van Dijk, M.M. Breteler, R. Schmidt, K. Berger, L.G. Nilsson, and M. Oudkerk The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions: Cardiovascular determinants of dementia study Hypertension 44 2004 625 630
86. M.J. Firbank, R.M. Wiseman, E.J. Burton, B.K. Saxby, J.T. O'Brien, and G.A. Ford Brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensity change in older adults and relationship to blood pressure. Brain atrophy, WMH change and blood pressure J Neurol 254 2007 713 721
87. M.J. Hoptman, F.M. Gunning-Dixon, C.F. Murphy, B.A. Ardekani, J. Hrabe, and K.O. Lim Blood pressure and white matter integrity in geriatric depression J Affect Disord 115 2009 171 176
88. J.R. MacFall, M.E. Payne, J.E. Provenzale, and K.R. Krishnan Medial orbital frontal lesions in late-onset depression Biol Psychiatry 49 2001 803 806
89. W.D. Taylor, J.R. MacFall, D.C. Steffens, M.E. Payne, J.M. Provenzale, and K.R. Krishnan Localization of age-associated white matter hyperintensities in late-life depression Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 27 2003 539 544
90. F.M. Gunning-Dixon, M.J. Hoptman, K.O. Lim, C.F. Murphy, S. Klimstra, and V. Latoussakis Macromolecular white matter abnormalities in geriatric depression: A magnetization transfer imaging study Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 16 2008 255 262
91. K. Ikeda, H. Ohno, M. Tamura, H. Kashihara, K. Anan, and K. Hosozawa Cerebral atherosclerosis and coronary calcification Stroke 33 2002 2345 2346 author reply 2345-2346
92. C. Rosano, B. Naydeck, L.H. Kuller, W.T. Longstreth Jr, and A.B. Newman Coronary artery calcium: associations with brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities and cognitive status J Am Geriatr Soc 53 2005 609 615
93. S.J. Lee, J.S. Kim, S.W. Chung, B.S. Kim, K.J. Ahn, and K.S. Lee White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with intracranial atherosclerosis rather than extracranial atherosclerosis Arch Gerontol Geriatr 53 2011 e129 e132
94. G.S. Alexopoulos, and S.S. Morimoto The inflammation hypothesis in geriatric depression [published online ahead of print March 2] Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011
95. Y. Liao, X. Huang, Q. Wu, C. Yang, W. Kuang, and M. Du Is depression a disconnection syndrome? Meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in patients with MDD J Psychiatry Neurosci 37 2012 110180
96. S.J. Colloby, A. Vasudev, J.T. O'Brien, M.J. Firbank, S.W. Parry, and A.J. Thomas Relationship of orthostatic blood pressure to white matter hyperintensities and subcortical volumes in late-life depression Br J Psychiatry 199 2011 404 410
97. S.L. Naismith, L.M. Norrie, L. Mowszowski, and I.B. Hickie The neurobiology of depression in later-life: Clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathophysiological features Prog Neurobiol 98 2012 99 143