Erratum: Redescription of the archosaur Parringtonia gracilis from the Middle Triassic Manda beds of Tanzania, and the antiquity of Erpetosuchidae (Geological Magazine (2012) DOI:10.1017/S0016756812000362);Redescription of the archosaur Parringtonia gracilis from the Middle Triassic Manda beds of Tanzania, and the antiquity of Erpetosuchidae

Geological Magazine

Volumn 150, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 225-238

  Nesbitt, Sterling J ^a   Butler, Richard J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

archosaur; archosaur radiation; Lifua Member; phylogeny

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGY;

ARCHOSAUR; FOSSIL RECORDS; LATE TRIASSIC; LIFUA MEMBER; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENY; POSTCRANIAL MATERIAL; UPPER TRIASSIC;

BONE;

CRANIUM; FOSSIL RECORD; MORPHOLOGY; PANGAEA; PHYLOGENY; REPTILE; SKELETAL REMAINS; TAXONOMY; TRIASSIC;

SCOTLAND; TANZANIA; UNITED KINGDOM;

ANISIA; ARCHOSAURIA; CROCODYLOMORPHA;

EID: 84873373193     PISSN: 00167568     EISSN: 14695081     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756812000842     Document Type: Erratum

References (67)

1. ADAMS, E. N. 1972. Consensus techniques and the comparison of taxonomic trees. Systematic Zoology 21, 390-7.
2. ABDALA, F.,HANCOX, P. J. & NEVELING, J. 2005. Cynodonts from the uppermost Burgersdorp Formation, South Africa, and their bearing on the biostratigraphy and correlation of the Triassic Cynognathus Assemblage Zone. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25, 192-7.
3. ATTRIDGE, J., BALL, H. W., CHARIG, A. & COX, C. B. 1964. The British Museum (Natural History)-University of London Joint Palaeontological Expedition to Northern Rhodesia and Tanganyika. Nature 201, 445-9.
4. BENTON, M. J. 1983. Dinosaur success in the Triassic; a noncompetitive ecological model. TheQuarterly Review of Biology 58, 29-55.
5. BENTON, M. J. 1994. Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic extinctions among continental tetrapods: testing the pattern. In In the Shadow of the Dinosaurs (eds N. C. Fraser & H.-D. Sues), pp. 366-97. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. BENTON, M. J. & GOWER, D. J. 1997. Richard Owen's giant Triassic frogs: Middle Triassic archosaurs from England. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17, 74-88.
7. BENTON, M. J. & WALKER, A. D. 1981. The use of flexible synthetic rubbers for casts of complex fossils from natural moulds. Geological Magazine 118, 551-6.
8. BENTON, M. J. & WALKER, A. D. 1985. Palaeoecology, taphonomy, and dating of Permo-Triassic reptiles from Elgin, north-east Scotland. Palaeontology 28, 207-34.
9. BENTON, M. J. & WALKER, A. D. 2002. Erpetosuchus, a crocodile-like basal archosaur from the Late Triassic of Elgin, Scotland. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 136, 25-47.
10. BROCHU, C. A. 1996. Closure of neurocentral sutures during crocodilian ontogeny: implications for maturity assessment in fossil archosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16, 49-62.
11. BRUSATTE, S. L., BENTON, M. J., DESOJO, J. B. & LANGER, M. C. 2010a. The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8, 3-47.
12. BRUSATTE, S. L., BENTON, M. J., RUTA, M. & LLOYD, F. T. 2008. Superiority, competition, and opportunism in the evolutionary radiation of dinosaurs. Science 321, 1485-8.
13. BRUSATTE, S., NESBITT, S. J., IRMIS, R. B., BUTLER, R., BENTON, M. J. & NORELL, M. A. 2010b. The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs. Earth-Science Reviews 101, 68-100.
14. BUTLER, R. J., BARRETT, P. M., ABEL, R. L. & GOWER, D. J. 2009. A possible ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of Tanzania. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29, 1022-31.
15. BUTLER, R. J., BRUSATTE, S. L., REICH, M., NESBITT, S. J., SCHOCH, R. R. & HORNUNG, J. J. 2011. The sail-backed reptile Ctenosauriscus from the latest Early Triassic of Germany and the timing and biogeography of the early archosaur radiation. PLoS ONE 6, e25693.
16. CARROLL, R. L. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. New York: W. H. Freeman.
17. CATUNEANU, O., WOPFNER, H., ERIKSSON, P. G., CAIRNCROSS, B., RUBIDGE, B. S., SMITH, R. M. H. & HANCOX, P. J. 2005. The Karoo basins of south-central Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences 43, 211-53.
18. CHARIG, A. J. 1957. New Triassic archosaurs from Tanganyika including Mandasuchus and Teleocrater. Abstracts of Dissertations of the University of Cambridge 1955-56, 28-9.
19. CHATTERJEE, S. 1985. Postosuchus, a new thecodontian reptile from the Triassic of Texas and the origin of tyrannosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 309, 395-460.
20. CLARK, J. M., SUES, H.-D. & BERMAN, D. S. 2000. A new specimen of Hesperosuchus agilis from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico and the interrelationships of basal crocodylomorph archosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20, 683-704.
21. COPE, E. D. 1869. Synopsis of the extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 1-252.
22. FRAAS, O. 1867. Dyoplax arenaceus, ein neuer Stuttgarter Keuper-Saurier. Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 23, 108-12.
23. FRAAS, O. 1877. Aëtosaurus ferratus Fr. Die gepanzerte Vogel-Escheaus dem Stubensandstein bei Stuttgart. Württembergische naturwissenschaftliche Jahreshefte 33, 1-22.
24. GAY, S. A. & CRUICKSHANK, A. R. I. 1999. Biostratigraphy of the Permian tetrapod faunas from the Ruhuhu Valley, Tanzania. Journal of African Earth Sciences 29, 195-210.
25. GEBAUER, E. V. I. 2004. Neubeschreibung von Stagonosuchus nyassicus v. Huene, 1938 (Thecodontia, Rauisuchia) from the Manda Formation (Middle Triassic) of southwest Tanzania. Neues Jahrbuch fürGeologie und Paläeontologie, Abhandlungen 231, 1-35.
26. GOWER, D. J. & SCHOCH, R. 2009. Postcranial anatomy of the rauisuchian archosaur Batrachotomus kupferzellensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29, 103-22.
27. GOWER, D. J. & SENNIKOV, A. G. 2000. Early archosaurs from Russia. In The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia (eds M. J. Benton, M. A. Shishkin, D. M. Unwin & E. N. Kurochkin), pp. 140-59. New York: Cambridge University Press.
28. HANCOX, P. J. 2000. The continental Triassic of South Africa. Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie Teil I, Heft 11-12 1998, 1285-324.
29. HAUGHTON, S.H. 1932. On a collection ofKarroo vertebrates from Tanganyika Territory. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 88, 634-71.
30. HUENE, F. V. 1902. Übersicht über die Reptilien der Trias. Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen 6, 1-84.
31. HUENE, F. V. 1938. Ein grosser Stagonolepide aus der jüngeren Trias Ostafrikas. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläeontologie, Beilage-Bände Abteilung B 80, 264-78.
32. HUENE, F. V. 1939. Ein kleiner Pseudosuchier und ein Saurischier aus den ostafrikanischen Mandaschichten. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläeontologie, Beilage-Bände Abteilung B 81, 61-9.
33. HUXLEY, T. H. 1877. The crocodilian remains found in the Elgin sandstones, with remarks on ichnites of Cummingstone. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom Monograph III, 1-51.
34. IRMIS, R. B. 2007. Axial skeleton ontogeny in the parasuchia (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) and its implications for ontogenetic determination in archosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27, 350-61.
35. KOZER, H. W. & BACHMANN, G. H. 2010. The Middle Carnian wet intermezzo of the Stuttgart Formation (Schilfsandstein), Germanic Basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoeocology 290, 107-19.
36. KREBS, B. 1965. Die Triasfauna der Tessiner Kalkalpen. XIX. Ticinosuchus ferox, nov. gen. nov. sp. Ein neuer Pseudosuchier aus der Trias des Monte San Georgio. Schweizersiche Palaontologische, Abhandlungen 81, 1-140.
37. KREBS, B. 1976. Pseudosuchia. In Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie, 13 (ed.O.Kuhn), pp. 40-98. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer.
38. LANGER, M. C., EZCURRA, M. D., BITTENCOURT, J. S. & NOVAS, F. E. 2010. The origin and early evolution of dinosaurs. Biological Reviews 85, 55-110.
39. LAURENTI, J. N. 1768. Specimen Medicum, Exhibens Synopsin reptilium Emendatam cum Experimentis circa Venena et Antidota Reptilium Austriacorum. Vienna: J. T. N. de Trattnern.
40. LINNAEUS, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per Raegna Tria Naturae. Volume 1. Regnum Animale. 10th [photographic facsimile] ed. London: Trustees, British Museum (Natural History).
41. LUCAS, S. G., WILD, R. & HUNT, A. P. 1998. Dyoplax O. Fraas, a Triassic sphenosuchian from Germany. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 263, 1-13.
42. MCGREGOR, J. H. 1906. The Phytosauria, with especial reference to Mystriosuchus and Rhytidodon. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9, 29-101.
43. MODESTO, S. P. & SUES, H.-D. 2004. The skull of the Early Triassic archosauromorph Prolacerta broomi and its phylogenetic significance. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 140, 335-51.
44. MUNDIL, R., PALFY, J., RENNE, P. R. & BRACK, P. 2010. The Triassic timescale: a review of geochronological constraints. In The Triassic Timescale (ed. S. G. Lucas), pp. 41-59. Geological Society of London, Special Publication no 334.
45. NESBITT, S. J. 2003. Arizonasaurus and its implications for archosaur divergences. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 270 (S2), S234-S237.
46. NESBITT, S. J. 2005. The osteology of the Middle Triassic pseudosuchian archosaur Arizonasaurus babbitti. Historical Biology 17, 19-47.
47. NESBITT, S. J. 2011. The early evolution of Archosauria: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 352, 1-292.
48. NESBITT, S. J., LIU, J. & LI, C. 2011. A sail-backed suchian from the Heshanggou Formation (Early Triassic: Olenekian) of China. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, 271-84.
49. NESBITT, S. J., SIDOR, C. A., IRMIS, R. B., ANGIELCZYK, K. D., SMITH, R. M. H. & TSUJI, L. A. 2010. Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister-group shows early diversification of Ornithodira. Nature 464, 95-8.
50. NEWTON, E. T. 1894. Reptiles from the Elgin sandstone-description of two new genera. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 185, 573-607.
51. NOWACK, E. 1937. Zur Kenntnis der Karruformation im Ruhuhu-Graben (D.O.A.). Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, Beilage-Band Abteilung B 78, 380-412.
52. OLSEN, P. E., SUES, H.-D. & NORELL, M. A. 2000. First record of Erpetosuchus (Reptilia: Archosauria) from the Late Triassic of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20, 633-6.
53. PARKER, W. G. 2008. Description of new material of the aetosaur Desmatosuchus spurensis (Archosauria: Suchia) from the Chinle Formation of Arizona and a revision of the genus Desmatosuchus. PaleoBios 28, 1-40.
54. ROMER, A. S. 1966. Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
55. SEN, K. 2005. A new rauisuchian archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India. Palaeontology 48, 185-96.
56. SIDOR, C. A., ANGIELCZYK, J., HOPSON, J., NESBITT, S. J. & SMITH, R. 2008. New vertebrate fossils from the Permo-Triassic Ruhuhu Basin of Tanzania. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 (supplement 003), 142A-143A.
57. STOCKLEY, G. M. 1932. The geology of the Ruhuhu coalfields, Tanganyika Territory. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 88, 610-22.
58. SUES, H.-D., OLSEN, P. E., CARTER, J. G. & SCOTT, D. M. 2003. A new crocodylomorph archosaur from the Upper Triassic of North Carolina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23, 329-43.
59. WALKER, A. D. 1961. Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Stagonolepis, Dasygnathus, and their allies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 244, 103-204.
60. WALKER, A. D. 1968. Protosuchus, Proterochampsa, and the origin of phytosaurs and crocodiles. Geological Magazine 105, 1-14.
61. WALKER, A. D. 1970. A revision of the Jurassic reptile Hallopus victor (Marsh), with remarks on the classification of crocodiles. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 257, 323-72.
62. WATSON, D. M. S. 1917. A sketch-classification of the pre-Jurassic tetrapod vertebrates. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 1917, 167-86.
63. WILKINSON, M. 2001. REDCON 3.0. Software and documentation. London: The Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum. (www.nhm.ac.uk/researchcuration/ projects/software/mwphylogeny.html
64. WILKINSON, M. 2003. Missing entries and multiple trees: instability, relationships and support in parsimony analysis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23, 311-23.
65. WU, X.-C. & CHATTERJEE, S. 1993. Dibothrosuchus elaphros, a crocodylomorph from the Lower Jurassic of China and the phylogeny of the Sphenosuchia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13, 58-89.
66. ZHANG, F. K. 1975. A new thecodont Lotosaurus, from the Middle Triassic of Hunan. Vertebrata Palasiatica 13, 144-7.
67. ZITTEL, K. A. 1890. Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abtheilung Palaeozoologie. III Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves). Munchen: Munchen and Leipzig.