Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of palm kernel shell: Optimization using response surface methodology (RSM)

Renewable Energy

Volumn 55, Issue , 2013, Pages 357-365

  Jamaluddin, Muhammad 'Azim ^a   Ismail, Khudzir ^a   Mohd Ishak, Mohd Azlan ^a   Ab Ghani, Zaidi ^a   Abdullah, Mohd Fauzi ^a   Safian, Muhammad Taqi Uddeen ^a   Idris, Siti Shawalliah ^a   Tahiruddin, Shawaluddin ^b   Mohammed Yunus, Mohammed Faisal ^b   Mohd Hakimi, Noor Irma Nazashida ^b  

^a UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA   (Malaysia)

^b Sime Darby Research Sdn Bhd   (Malaysia)

Author keywords

Char; Microwave assisted pyrolysis; Palm kernel shell; Response surface methodology

Indexed keywords

CENTRAL COMPOSITE ROTATABLE DESIGN; CHAR; FIXED CARBONS; HIGH-CALORIFIC-VALUE; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED; NITROGEN GAS FLOW; OPERATING VARIABLES; OPTIMUM CONDITIONS; PALM KERNEL SHELLS; PYROLYSIS PROCESS; PYROLYSIS STUDY; REGRESSION COEFFICIENT; RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY; VOLATILE MATTERS;

CALORIFIC VALUE; CARBON; FLOW OF GASES; FLOW RATE; OPTIMIZATION;

SURFACE PROPERTIES;

CHARCOAL; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; MICROWAVE RADIATION; MONOCOTYLEDON; OPTIMIZATION; PYROLYSIS; RENEWABLE RESOURCE; SHELL;

EID: 84873266447     PISSN: 09601481     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.042     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Yusoff S. Renewable energy from palm oil - innovation on effective utilization of waste. Journal of Cleaner Production 2006, 14:87-93.
2. Harimi M., Megat Ahmad M.M.H., Sapuan S.M., Idris A. Numerical analysis of emission component from incineration of palm oil wastes. Biomass and Bioenergy 2005, 28:339-345.
3. Van de Velden M., Baeyens J., Brems A., Janssens B., Dewil R. Fundamentals, kinetics and endothermicity of biomass pyrolysis reaction. Renewable Energy 2010, 35:232-242.
4. Sahu S.G., Sarkar P., Chakraborty N. Thermogravimetric assessment of combustion characteristics of blends of coal with different biomass chars. Fuel Processing Technology 2010, 91:369-378.
5. Salema A.A., Ani F.N. Microwave induced pyrolysis of oil palm biomass. Bioresource Technology 2011, 102:3388-3395.
6. Thostenson E.T., Chou T.-W. Microwave processing: fundamentals and applications. Composites: Part A 1999, 30:1055-1071.
7. Marra F., Bonis M.V.D., Ruocco G. Combined microwaves and convection heating: a conjugate approach. Journal of Food Engineering 2010, 97:31-39.
8. Wang X.-H., Chen H.P., Ding X.J., Yang H.P., Zhang S.H., Shen Y.Q. Properties of gas and char from microwave pyrolysis of pine sawdust. Bioresources 2009, 4(3):946-959.
9. Dominguez A., Menendez J.A., Fernandez Y., Pis J.J., Velente NAbais J.M., Carrot P.J.M., et al. Conventional and microwave induced pyrolysis of coffee hulls for the production of a hydrogen rich fuel gas. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2007, 79:128-135.
10. Hu S., Xiang J., Sun L., Xu M., Qiu J., Fu P. Characterization of char from rapid pyrolysis of rice husk. Fuel Processing Technology 2008, 89:1096-1105.
11. Menendez J.A., Dominguez A., Pis J.J., Iguanzo M. Microwave-induced drying, pyrolysis and gasification (MWDPG) of sewage sludge: vitrification of the solid residue. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2005, 74:406-412.
12. Menéndez J.A., Arenillas A., Fidalgo B., Fernandez Y., Zubizarreta L., Calvo E.G., et al. Microwave heating processes involving carbon materials. Fuel Processing Technology 2010, 91:1-8.
13. Aslan N. Application of response surface methodology and central composite rotatable design for modelling and optimization of a multi-gravity separator for chromite concentration. Powder Technology 2008, 185:80-86.
14. Bezerra M.A., Santelli R.E., Oliveira E.P., Villar L.S., Escaleira L.A. Response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization in analytical chemistry. Talanta 2008, 76:965-977.
15. Ghani Z.A., Ishak M.A.M., Ismail K. Direct liquefaction of Mukah Balingian low-rank Malaysian coal: optimization using response surface methodology. Asia Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 2010, 6(4):581-588.
16. ASTM D3172 standard practice for proximate analysis of coal and coke1 2007, ASTM International, Pennsylvania.
17. Gani A., Naruse I. Effect of cellulose and lignin content on pyrolysis and combustion characteristics for several types of biomass. Renewable Energy 2007, 32:649-661.
18. Tan I.A.W., Ahmad A.L., Hameed B.H. Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coconut husk using response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal 2008, 137:462-470.
19. Ghani Z.A., Khamil I.N.M., Isa M.R.M., Jamaluddin M.A., Ishak M.A.M., Ismail K. Pyrolysis of Jatropha curcas l. Husk: optimization solid, liquid and gas yield by using response surface methodology (RSM). Proceedings of 3rd international symposium & exhibition in sustainable energy & environment (ISESEE) 2011, The Research and Innovations in Sustainable Energy (RISE) Center of Institute of Science (IOS) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM).
20. Gratuito M.K.B., Panyathanmaporn T., Chumnanklang R.A., Sirinutawittaya N., Dutta A. Production of activated carbon from coconut shell: optimization using response surface methodology. Bioresource Technology 2008, 99:4887-4895.
21. Zakaria Z., Mohd Ishak M.A., Abdullah M.F., Ismail K. Thermal decomposition of coals, rice husk, rice husk char and their blends during pyrolysis and combustion via thermogravimetric analysis. International Journal of Chemical Technology 2010, 2(3):78-87.
22. Hu Z., Ma X., Chen C. A study on experimental characteristic of microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae. Bioresource Technology 2012, 107:487-493.
23. Du Z., Li Y., Wang X., Wan Y., Chen Q., Wang C., et al. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of microalgae for biofuel production. Bioresource Technology 2011, 102:4890-4896.
24. Vuthaluru H.B. Investigations into the pyrolytic behavior of coal/biomass blends using thermogravimetric analysis. Bioresource Technology 2004, 92:187-195.
25. Halim S.F.A., Kamaruddin A.H., Fernando W.J.N. Continuous biosynthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking palm oil in a packed bed reactor: optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) and mass transfer studies. Bioresource Technology 2009, 100(2):710-716.
26. DC M. Design and analysis of experiment 2001, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 5 ed.
27. Bilba K., Ouensanga A. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of thermal degradation of sugarcane bagasse. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 1996, 38:61-73.