Opioid analgesia in mechanically ventilated children: Results from the multicenter measuring opioid tolerance induced by fentanyl study*

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 27-36

  Anand, Kanwaljeet J S ^a   Clark, Amy E ^b   Willson, Douglas F ^c   Berger, John ^d   Meert, Kathleen L ^e   Zimmerman, Jerry J ^f   Harrison, Rick ^g   Carcillo, Joseph A ^h   Newth, Christopher J L ⁱ   Bisping, Stephanie ^b   Holubkov, Richard ^b   Dean, J Michael ^b   Nicholson, Carol E ^j  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d CHILDREN'S NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^h CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

ⁱ CHILDREN S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES   (United States)

^j EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

agitation; anxiolysis; child; clinical practices; infant; intensive care; pain; variability

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE; FENTANYL; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; OPIATE; SEDATIVE AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEWBORN; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD;

ADOLESCENT; ANALGESICS, OPIOID; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; FEMALE; FENTANYL; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS, PEDIATRIC; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; ODDS RATIO; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL; SEX FACTORS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84873105159     PISSN: 15297535     EISSN: 19473893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e318253c80e     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Jenkins IA, Playfor SD, Bevan C, et al: Current United Kingdom seda¬tion practice in pediatric intensive care. Paediatr Anaesth 2007; 17: 675-683
2. Tobias JD: Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Ann 2005; 34:636-645
3. Anand KJ, Aranda JV, Berde CB, et al: Summary proceedings from the neonatal pain-control group. Pediatrics 2006; 117(3 Pt 2):S9-S22
4. Anand KS: Relationships between stress responses and clinical out¬come in newborns, infants, and children. Crit Care Med 1993; 21(9 Suppl):S358-S359
5. Simons SH, Anand KJ: Pain control: Opioid dosing, population kinetics and side-Effects. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2006; 11:260-267
6. Anand KJ, Willson DF, Berger J, et al; Eu¬nice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Col¬laborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network: Tolerance and withdrawal from prolonged opioid use in critically ill children. Pediatrics 2010; 125:e1208-E1225
7. Liu JG, Anand KJ: Protein kinases modulate the cellular adaptations associated with opioid tolerance and dependence. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2001; 38:1-19
8. Baba H, Doubell TP, Moore KA, et al: Silent NMDA receptor-mediated synapses are developmentally regulated in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 2000; 83:955-962
9. Chahal H, D'Souza SW, Barson AJ, et al: Modulation by magnesium of N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptors in developing human brain. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998; 78:F116-F120
10. Ebert B, Thorkildsen C, Andersen S, et al: Opioid analgesics as noncompetitive N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) antago¬nists. Biochem Pharmacol 1998; 56: 553-559
11. Rahman W, Dashwood MR, Fitzgerald M, et al: Postnatal development of multiple opioid receptors in the spinal cord and development of spinal morphine analgesia. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 1998; 108:239-254
12. Mehta S, Burry L, Fischer S, et al; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group: Canadian survey of the use of sedatives, analgesics, and neuromuscular blocking agents in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:374-380
13. Matthews AJ: An audit of sedation, analgesia and muscle relaxation in pediatric intensive care in the United Kingdom. Paediatr Anaesth 1993; 3:107-115
14. Playfor S, Jenkins I, Boyles C, et al; United Kingdom Paediatric Intensive Care Society Sedation; Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade Work¬ing Group: Consensus guidelines on sedation and analgesia in critically ill children. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32:1125-1136
15. Playfor S, Jenkins I, Boyles C, et al; United Kingdom Paediatric Intensive Care Society Sedation, Analgesia and Neuromuscular Blockade Work¬ing Group: Consensus guidelines for sustained neuromuscular block¬ade in critically ill children. Paediatr Anaesth 2007; 17:881-887
16. Berde CB, Sethna NF: Analgesics for the treatment of pain in chil¬dren. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1094-1103
17. Jacqz-Aigrain E, Burtin P: Clinical pharmacokinetics of sedatives in neo¬nates. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996; 31:423-443
18. Blumer JL: Clinical pharmacology of midazolam in infants and children. Clin Pharmacokinet 1998; 35:37-47
19. Katz R, Kelly HW, Hsi A: Prospective study on the occurrence of with¬drawal in critically ill children who receive fentanyl by continuous infu¬sion. Crit Care Med 1994; 22:763-767
20. Suresh S, Anand KJ: Opioid tolerance in neonates: A state-of-The-Art review. Paediatr Anaesth 2001; 11:511-521
21. Anand KJ, Ingraham J: Pediatric. Tolerance, dependence, and strategies for compassionate withdrawal of analgesics and anxiolytics in the pedi¬atric ICU. Crit Care Nurse 1996; 16:87-93
22. Krantz MJ, Mehler PS: Treating opioid dependence. Growing implica¬tions for primary care. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164:277-288
23. Fonsmark L, Rasmussen YH, Carl P: Occurrence of withdrawal in criti¬cally ill sedated children. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:196-199
24. Tobias JD, Schleien CL, Haun SE: Methadone as treatment for iatro¬genic narcotic dependency in pediatric intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 1990; 18:1292-1293
25. Tobias JD: Subcutaneous administration of fentanyl and midazolam to prevent withdrawal after prolonged sedation in children. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:2262-2265
26. Malviya S, Pandit UA, Merkel S, et al: A comparison of continuous epi¬dural infusion and intermittent intravenous bolus doses of morphine in children undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1999; 24:438-443
27. Robertson RC, Darsey E, Fortenberry JD, et al: Evaluation of an opiate-weaning protocol using methadone in pediatric intensive care unit pa¬tients. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2000; 1:119-123
28. Siddappa R, Fletcher JE, Heard AM, et al: Methadone dosage for pre¬vention of opioid withdrawal in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2003; 13: 805-810
29. Birchley G: Opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal syndromes in the paediatric intensive care unit: A review of recent literature. Nurs Crit Care 2009; 14:26-37
30. Deeter KH, King MA, Ridling D, et al: Successful implementation of a pediatric sedation protocol for mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:683-688
31. Bergman I, Steeves M, Burckart G, et al: Reversible neurologic abnor¬malities associated with prolonged intravenous midazolam and fentanyl administration. J Pediatr 1991; 119:644-649
32. Lane JC, Tennison MB, Lawless ST, et al: Movement disorder after with¬drawal of fentanyl infusion. J Pediatr 1991; 119:649-651
33. Franck LS, Vilardi J, Durand D, et al: Opioid withdrawal in neonates af¬ter continuous infusions of morphine or fentanyl during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Am J Crit Care 1998; 7:364-369
34. Tobias JD, Deshpande JK, Gregory DF: Outpatient therapy of iatrogenic drug dependency following prolonged sedation in the pediatric intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 1994; 20:504-507
35. Tobias JD, Berkenbosch JW: Tolerance during sedation in a pediatric ICU patient: Effects on the BIS monitor. J Clin Anesth 2001; 13:122-124
36. McPhie AA, Barr GA: Regional Fos expression induced by morphine withdrawal in the 7-Day-old rat. Dev Psychobiol 2009; 51:544-552
37. Stoller DC, Smith FL: Buprenorphine blocks withdrawal in morphine-Dependent rat pups. Paediatr Anaesth 2004; 14:642-649
38. Arnold JH, Truog RD, Orav EJ, et al: Tolerance and dependence in neo¬nates sedated with fentanyl during extracorporeal membrane oxygen¬ation. Anesthesiology 1990; 73:1136-1140
39. Woolf CJ, Salter MW: Neuronal plasticity: Increasing the gain in pain. Science 2000; 288:1765-1769
40. Koch SC, Fitzgerald M, Hathway GJ: Midazolam potentiates nociceptive behavior, sensitizes cutaneous reflexes, and is devoid of sedative action in neonatal rats. Anesthesiology 2008; 108:122-129
41. Schwieger IM, Hall RI, Szlam F, et al: Anesthetic interactions of midazol¬am and fentanyl: Is there acute tolerance to the opioid? Anesthesiology 1989; 70:667-671
42. Loyd DR, Morgan MM, Murphy AZ: Sexually dimorphic activation of the periaqueductal gray-rostral ventromedial medullary circuit during the development of tolerance to morphine in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 2008; 27:1517-1524
43. Dahan A, Kest B, Waxman AR, et al: Sex-specific responses to opiates: Animal and human studies. Anesth Analg 2008; 107:83-95
44. Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z: Sex differences in pain perception. Gend Med 2005; 2:137-145
45. Trafton JA, Humphreys K, Harris AH, et al: Consistent adherence to guidelines improves opioid dependent patients' first year outcomes. J Behav Health Serv Res 2007; 34:260-271
46. Iliadis EA, Klein LW, Vandenberg BJ, et al: Clinical practice guidelines in unstable angina improve clinical outcomes by assuring early intensive medical treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 34:1689-1695
47. Simpson RJ Jr, Sueta CA, Boccuzzi SJ, et al: Performance assessment model for guideline-recommended pharmacotherapy in the secondary prevention of coronary artery disease and treatment of left ventricular dysfunction. Am J Cardiol 1997; 80:53H-56H
48. Shapiro BA, Warren J, Egol AB, et al: Practice parameters for intra¬venous analgesia and sedation for adult patients in the intensive care unit: An executive summary. Society of Critical Care Medicine. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:1596-1600
49. Jacobi J, Fraser GL, Coursin DB, et al; Task Force of the American Col¬lege of Critical Care Medicine (ACCM) of the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), American College of Chest Physicians: Clinical practice guide¬lines for the sustained use of sedatives and analgesics in the critically ill adult. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:119-141
50. Curley MAQ: Sedation management in pediatric patients with acute respi¬ratory failure (The RESTORE Study). In: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00814099, 2009
51. Horn SD: Quality, clinical practice improvement, and the episode of care. Manag Care Q 2001; 9:10-24
52. Horn SD: Overcoming obstacles to effective treatment: Use of clini¬cal practice improvement methodology. J Clin Psychiatry 1997; 58 SUPPL1:15-19
53. Horn SD: Data-Driven clinical outcomes improvement to reduce health care cost. J Clin Outcomes Management 1999; 6:26-32