Reference ranges for key biomarkers of chemical exposure within the UK population

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

Volumn 216, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 170-174

  Bevan, R ^a   Jones, K ^b   Cocker, J ^b   Assem, F L ^a   Levy, L S ^a  

^a CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b HEALTH AND SAFETY LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Environmental exposure; Human biomonitoring; Postal survey; Reference range; UK population; Urine

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; METAL; NAPHTHALENE DERIVATIVE; PESTICIDE; PHTHALIC ACID DERIVATIVE; SOLVENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLLUTANT; REFERENCE VALUE; UNITED KINGDOM; URINE; VERY ELDERLY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CREATININE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; METALS; MIDDLE AGED; NAPHTHALENES; PESTICIDES; PHTHALIC ACIDS; REFERENCE VALUES; SOLVENTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84873059941     PISSN: 14384639     EISSN: 1618131X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.03.005     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. ACGIH, 2010. TLVs and BEIs based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices: ACGIH Cincinnati Ohio, USA. ISBN 978-1-607260-28-8.
2. Angerer J., Bird M.G., Burke T.A., Doerrer N.G., Needham L., Robinson S.H., Sheldon L., Zenic H. Strategic biomonitoring initiatives: moving the science forward. Toxicol. Sci. 2006, 93(1):3-10.
3. CDC, 2009. National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. (last accessed 18.08.11). http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport.pdf.
4. Cocker J., Mason H.J., Warren N.D., Cotton R.J. Creatinine adjustment of biological monitoring results. Occup. Med. 2011, 61(5):349-353.
5. Colosio C., Visentin S., Birindelli S., Campo L., Fustinoni S., Mariani F., Tiramani M., Tommasini M., Brambilla G., Maroni M. Reference values for ethylenethiourea in urine in Northern Italy: results of a pilot study. Toxicol. Lett. 2006, 162(2-3):153-157.
6. DFG, 2010. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft List of MAK and BAT values 2010. Commission of the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the work area Report No. 46. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Weinheim, ISBN 978-30527-32815-4.
7. GerES, 2002. German Environmental Survey 1998, Vol. III: Human Biomonitoring. Pollutants in Blood and Urine of the German Population. (last accessed 18.08.11). http://www.umweltdaten.de/publikationen/fpdf-l/2104.pdf.
8. Hill R.H., Head S.L., Baker S., Gregg M., Shealy D.B., Bailey S.L., Williams C.C., Sampson E.J., Needham L.L. Pesticide residues in urine of adults living in the United States: reference range concentrations. Environ. Res. 1995, 71:99-108.
9. Leira H.L., Bratt U., Slåstad S. Notified cases of occupational asthma in Norway: exposure and consequences for health and income. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2005, 48(5):359-364.
10. Levy L.S., Jones K., Cocker J., Assem F.L., Capleton A.C. Background levels of key biomarkers of chemical exposure within the UK general population - Pilot study. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2007, 210(3-4):387-391.
11. Pirkle J.L., Osterloh J., Needham L.L., Sampson E.J. National exposure measurements for decisions to protect public health from environmental exposures. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2005, 208(1-2):1-5.
12. Preuss R., Drexler H., Bottcher M., Wilhelm M., Bruning T., Angerer J. Current external and internal exposure to naphthalene of workers occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different industries. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2005, 78:355-362.
13. Schulz C., Angerer J., Ewers U., Kolossa-Gehring M. The German human biomonitoring commission. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2007, 210(3-4):372-382.
14. Schulz C., Wilhelm M., Heudorf U., Kolossa-Gehring M. Human Biomonitoring Commission of the German Federal Enviroment Agency. Update of the Reference and HBM values derived by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2011, 215(1):26-35.
15. Wilhelm M., Hardt J., Christine S., Angerer J. New reference value and the background exposure for the PAH metabolites 1-hydroxypyrene and 1- and 2-naphthol in urine of the general population in Germany: basis for validation of human biomonitoring data in environmental medicine. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2008, 211:447-453.
16. White M.A., Sabbioni E. Trace element reference values in tissues from inhabitants of the European Union. X. A study of 13 elements in blood and urine of a United Kingdom population. Sci. Total Environ. 1998, 216(3):253-270.
17. Wolff M.S., Teitelbaum S.L., Windham G., Pinney S.M., Britton J.A., Chelimo C., et al. Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls. Environ. Health Perspect 2007, 115:116-121.