Understanding diversity-stability relationships: Towards a unified model of portfolio effects

Ecology Letters

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 140-150

  Thibaut, Loïc M ^a   Connolly, Sean R ^a  

^a JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Diversity stability relationship; Evenness; Insurance hypothesis; Mean variance scaling; Overyielding; Population stability; Population synchrony; Portfolio effect; Statistical averaging

Indexed keywords

ECOSYSTEM MODELING; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSE; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; POPULATION DYNAMICS; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; SPECIES EVENNESS; SYNCHRONY;

ARTICLE; BIODIVERSITY; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; ECOSYSTEM; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; POPULATION DYNAMICS;

EID: 84872594795     PISSN: 1461023X     EISSN: 14610248     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12019     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Bai, Y.F., Han, X.G., Wu, J.G., Chen, Z.Z. & Li, L.H. (2004). Ecosystem stability and compensatory effects in the inner mongolia grassland. Nature, 431, 181-184.
2. Bellwood, D.R., Hughes, T.P., Folke, C. & Nystrom, M. (2004). Confronting the coral reef crisis. Nature, 429, 827-833.
3. Campbell, V., Murphy, G. & Romanuk, T.N. (2011). Experimental design and the outcome and interpretation of diversity-stability relations. Oikos, 120, 399-408.
4. Cardinale, B.J., Duffy, J.E., Gonzalez, A., Hooper, D.U., Perrings, C., Venail, P. et al. (2012). Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature, 486, 59-67.
5. Cottingham, K.L., Brown, B.L. & Lennon, J.T. (2001). Biodiversity may regulate the temporal variability of ecological systems. Ecol. Lett., 4, 72-85.
6. DeClerck, F.A.J., Barbour, M.G. & Sawyer, J.O. (2006). Species richness and stand stability in conifer forests of the Sierra Nevada. Ecology, 87, 2787-2799.
7. Doak, D.F., Bigger, D., Harding, E.K., Marvier, M.A., O'malley, R.E. & Thomson, D. (1998). The statistical inevitability of stability-diversity relationships in community ecology. Am. Nat., 151, 264-276.
8. Duffy, J.E. (2009). Why biodiversity is important to the functioning of real-world ecosystems. Front. Ecol. Environ., 7, 437-444.
9. Grman, E., Lau, J.A., Schoolmaster, D.R. & Gross, K.L. (2010). Mechanisms contributing to stability in ecosystem function depend on the environmental context. Ecol. Lett., 13, 1400-1410.
10. Hector, A., Hautier, Y., Saner, P., Wacker, L., Bagchi, R., Joshi, J. et al. (2010). General stabilizing effects of plant diversity on grassland productivity through population asynchrony and overyielding. Ecology, 91, 2213-2220.
11. Hoehn, P., Tscharntke, T., Tylianakis, J.M. & Steffan-Dewenter, I. (2008). Functional group diversity of bee pollinators increases crop yield. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci., 275, 2283-2291.
12. Houlahan, J.E., Cottenie, K., Cumming, G.S., Currie, D.J., Findlay, C.S., Gaedke, U. et al. (2008). The utility of covariances: a response to Ranta et al. Oikos, 117, 1912-1913.
13. Huston, M. & McBride, A. (2002). Evaluating the relative strengths of biotic versus abiotic controls on ecosystem processes. In: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning: Synthesis and Perspectives (eds. Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Inchausti, P.). Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 47-60.
14. Isbell, F.I., Polley, H.W. & Wilsey, B.J. (2009). Biodiversity, productivity and the temporal stability of productivity: patterns and processes. Ecol. Lett., 12, 443-451.
15. Ives, A.R. & Carpenter, S.R. (2007). Stability and diversity of ecosystems. Science, 317, 58-62.
16. Ives, A.R. & Hughes, J.B. (2002). General relationships between species diversity and stability in competitive systems. Am. Nat., 159, 388-395.
17. Ives, A.R., Gross, K. & Klug, J.L. (1999). Stability and variability in competitive communities. Science, 286, 542-544.
18. Jiang, L. & Pu, Z.C. (2009). Different effects of species diversity on temporal stability in single-trophic and multitrophic communities. Am. Nat., 174, 651-659.
19. Kilpatrick, A.M. & Ives, A.R. (2003). Species interactions can explain Taylor's power law for ecological time series. Nature, 422, 65-68.
20. Lawton, J.H. (1994). What do species do in ecosystems? Oikos, 71, 367-374.
21. Lehman, C.L. & Tilman, D. (2000). Biodiversity, stability, and productivity in competitive communities. Am. Nat., 156, 534-552.
22. Leps, J. (2004). Variability in population and community biomass in a grassland community affected by environmental productivity and diversity. Oikos, 107, 64-71.
23. Lhomme, J.P. & Winkel, T. (2002). Diversity-stability relationships in community ecology: re-examination of the portfolio effect. Theor. Popul. Biol., 62, 271-279.
24. Loreau, M. (2010). From Populations to Ecosystems: Theoretical Foundations for a New Ecological Synthesis. Princeton Univ Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
25. Loreau, M. & de Mazancourt, C. (2008). Species synchrony and its drivers: neutral and nonneutral community dynamics in fluctuating environments. Am. Nat., 172, E48-E66.
26. Markowitz, H.M. (1952). Portfolio selection. J. Financ., 7, 77-91.
27. Markowitz, H.M. (1987). Mean-Variance Analysis in Portfolio Choice and Capital Markets. Basil Blackwell, New York.
28. McGregor, S.E. (1976). Insect Pollination of Cultivated Crop Plants. USDA-ARS, Washington.
29. McNaughton, S.J. (1985). Ecology of a grazing ecosystem - the Serengeti. Ecol. Monogr., 55, 259-294.
30. Mikkelson, G.M., McGill, B.J., Beaulieu, S. & Beukema, P.L. (2011). Multiple links between species diversity and temporal stability in bird communities across North America. Evol. Ecol. Res., 13, 361-372.
31. Mittelbach, G.G., Steiner, C.F., Scheiner, S.M., Gross, K.L., Reynolds, H.L., Waide, R.B. et al. (2001). What is the observed relationship between species richness and productivity? Ecology, 82, 2381-2396.
32. Mouillot, D., George-Nascimento, M. & Poulin, R. (2005). Richness, structure and functioning in metazoan parasite communities. Oikos, 109, 447-460.
33. Norberg, J., Swaney, D.P., Dushoff, J., Lin, J., Casagrandi, R. & Levin, S.A. (2001). Phenotypic diversity and ecosystem functioning in changing environments: a theoretical framework. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 11376-11381.
34. Pinheiro, J.C. & Bates, D.M. (1996). Unconstrained parametrizations for variance-covariance matrices. Stat. Comput., 6, 289-296.
35. Polley, H.W., Wilsey, B.J. & Derner, J.D. (2007). Dominant species constrain effects of species diversity on temporal variability in biomass production of tallgrass prairie. Oikos, 116, 2044-2052.
36. Ranta, E., Kaitala, V., Fowler, M.S., Laakso, J., Ruokolainen, L. & O'Hara, R. (2008). The structure and strength of environmental variation modulate covariance patterns. A reply to Houlahan et al. 2008. Oikos, 117, 1914-1914.
37. Rodriguez, M.A. & Hawkins, B.A. (2000). Diversity, function and stability in parasitoid communities. Ecol. Lett., 3, 35-40.
38. Romanuk, T.N., Vogt, R.J. & Kolasa, J. (2009). Ecological realism and mechanisms by which diversity begets stability. Oikos, 118, 819-828.
39. Roscher, C., Weigelt, A., Proulx, R., Marquard, E., Schumacher, J., Weisser, W.W. et al. (2011). Identifying population- and community-level mechanisms of diversity-stability relationships in experimental grasslands. J. Ecol., 99, 1460-1469.
40. van Ruijven, J. & Berendse, F. (2007). Contrasting effects of diversity on the temporal stability of plant populations. Oikos, 116, 1323-1330.
41. Smith, B. & Wilson, J.B. (1996). A consumer's guide to evenness indices. Oikos, 76, 70-82.
42. Steiner, C.F., Long, Z.T., Krumins, J.A. & Morin, P.J. (2005). Temporal stability of aquatic food webs: partitioning the effects of species diversity, species composition and enrichment. Ecol. Lett., 8, 819-828.
43. Taylor, L.R. (1961). Aggregation, variance and mean. Nature, 189, 732-735.
44. Thibaut, L.M., Connolly, S.R. & Sweatman, H.P.A. (2012). Diversity and stability of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. Ecology, 93, 891-901.
45. Tilman, D. (1999). The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles. Ecology, 80, 1455-1474.
46. Tilman, D. & Downing, J.A. (1994). Biodiversity and stability in grasslands. Nature, 367, 363-365.
47. Tilman, D., Lehman, C.L. & Bristow, C.E. (1998). Diversity-stability relationships: statistical inevitability or ecological consequence? Am. Nat., 151, 277-282.
48. Tilman, D., Reich, P.B. & Knops, J.M.H. (2006). Biodiversity and ecosystem stability in a decade-long grassland experiment. Nature, 441, 629-632.
49. Valone, T.J. & Barber, N.A. (2008). An empirical evaluation of the insurance hypothesis in diversity-stability models. Ecology, 89, 522-531.
50. Valone, T.J. & Hoffman, C.D. (2003). A mechanistic examination of diversity-stability relationships in annual plant communities. Oikos, 103, 519-527.
51. Vogt, R.J., Romanuk, T.N. & Kolasa, J. (2006). Species richness-variability relationships in multi-trophic aquatic microcosms. Oikos, 113, 55-66.
52. Worm, B., Barbier, E.B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J.E., Folke, C., Halpern, B.S. et al. (2006). Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services. Science, 314, 787-790.
53. Yachi, S. & Loreau, M. (1999). Biodiversity and ecosystem productivity in a fluctuating environment: the insurance hypothesis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 1463-1468.
54. Yang, Z.L., van Ruijven, J. & Du, G.Z. (2011). The effects of long-term fertilization on the temporal stability of alpine meadow communities. Plant Soil, 345, 315-324.