Chemical evolution of the Galactic bulge as traced by microlensed dwarf and subgiant stars : V. Evidence for a wide age distribution and a complex MDF

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volumn 549, Issue , 2013, Pages

  Bensby, T ^a   Yee, J C ^b   Feltzing, S ^a   Johnson, J A ^b   Gould, A ^b   Cohen, J G ^c   Asplund, M ^d   Melendez J ^e   Lucatello, S ^f   Han, C ^g   Thompson, I ^h   Gal Yam, A ⁱ   Udalski, A ^j   Bennett, D P ^k   Bond, I A ^l   Kohei, W ^m   Sumi, T ^m   Suzuki, D ^m   Suzuki, K ⁿ   Takino, S ⁿ   Tristram, P ^o   Yamai, N ^p   Yonehara, A ^p   more..

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^d AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^e UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^f INAF OSSERVATORIO ASTRONOMICO DI PADOVA   (Italy)

^g Chungbuk National University   (South Korea)

^h CARNEGIE OBSERVATORIES   (United States)

ⁱ WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE   (Israel)

^j UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW   (Poland)

^k UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME   (United States)

^l MASSEY UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

^m OSAKA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

ⁿ NAGOYA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^o UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY   (New Zealand)

^p KYOTO SANGYO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

more..

Author keywords

Galaxy: bulge; Galaxy: evolution; Galaxy: formation; Gravitational lensing: micro; Stars: abundances

Indexed keywords

GALAXY: BULGE; GALAXY: EVOLUTION; GALAXY: FORMATION; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING; STARS: ABUNDANCES;

ASTROPHYSICS; GALAXIES;

STARS;

EID: 84872578931     PISSN: 00046361     EISSN: 14320746     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201220678     Document Type: Article

References (106)

1. Alves-Brito, A., Meléndez, J., Asplund, M., Ramírez, I., & Yong, D. 2010, A&A, 513, A35
2. Asplund, M., Gustafsson, B., Kiselman, D., & Eriksson, K. 1997, A&A, 318, 521
3. Athanassoula, E. 2005, MNRAS, 358, 1477
4. Babusiaux, C., Gómez, A., Hill, V. et al., 2010, A&A, 519, A77
5. Ballero, S. K., Kroupa, P., & Matteucci, F. 2007, A&A, 467, 117
6. Ballester, P., Modigliani, A., Boitquin, O. et al., 2000, The Messenger, 101, 31
7. Bensby, T., & Feltzing, S. 2012, in Eur. Phys. J. Web Conf., 19, 4001
8. Bensby, T., Feltzing, S., & Lundström, I. 2003, A&A, 410, 527
9. Bensby, T., Feltzing, S., Lundström, I., & Ilyin, I. 2005, A&A, 433, 185
10. Bensby, T., Oey, M. S., Feltzing, S., & Gustafsson, B. 2007 a, ApJ, 655, L89
11. Bensby, T., Zenn, A. R., Oey, M. S., & Feltzing, S. 2007 b, ApJ, 663, L13
12. Bensby, T., Johnson, J. A., Cohen, J. et al., 2009, A&A, 499, 737
13. Bensby, T., Alves-Brito, A., Oey, M. S., Yong, D., & Meléndez, J. 2010 a, A&A, 516, L13
14. Bensby, T., Feltzing, S., Johnson, J. A. et al., 2010 b, A&A, 512, A41
15. Bensby, T., Adén, D., Meléndez, J. et al., 2011, A&A, 533, A134
16. Bernstein, R., Shectman, S. A., Gunnels, S. M., Mochnacki, S., & Athey, A. E. 2003, in Proc. SPIE, 4841, eds. M. Iye, & A. F. M. Moorwood, 1694
17. Bessell, M. S., & Brett, J. M. 1988, PASP, 100, 1134
18. Bond, I. A., Abe, F., Dodd, R. J. et al., 2001, MNRAS, 327, 868
19. Bournaud, F., Elmegreen, B. G., & Martig, M. 2009, ApJ, 707, L1
20. Brown, T. M., Sahu, K., Anderson, J. et al., 2010, ApJ, 725, L19
21. Casagrande, L., Ramírez, I., Meléndez, J., Bessell, M., & Asplund, M. 2010, A&A, 512, A54
22. Cavallo, R. M., Cook, K. H., Minniti, D., & Vandehei, T. 2003, in SPIE Conf. Ser. 4834, ed. P. Guhathakurta, 66
23. Clarkson, W., Sahu, K., Anderson, J. et al., 2008, ApJ, 684, 1110
24. Clarkson, W. I., Sahu, K. C., Anderson, J. et al., 2011, ApJ, 735, 37
25. Coelho, P., & Gadotti, D. A. 2011, ApJ, 743, L13
26. Cohen, J. G., Huang, W., Udalski, A., Gould, A., & Johnson, J. A. 2008, ApJ, 682, 1029
27. Cohen, J. G., Thompson, I. B., Sumi, T. et al., 2009, ApJ, 699, 66
28. Cohen, J. G., Gould, A., Thompson, I. B. et al., 2010, ApJ, 711, L48
29. Cole, A. A., & Weinberg, M. D. 2002, ApJ, 574, L43
30. Combes, F., Debbasch, F., Friedli, D., & Pfenniger, D. 1990, A&A, 233, 82
31. Dekker, H., D'Odorico, S., Kaufer, A., Delabre, B., & Kotzlowski, H. 2000, in Optical and IR Telescope Instrumentation and Detectors, eds. M. Iye, & A. F. Moorwood, Proc. SPIE 4008, 534
32. Demarque, P., Woo, J.-H., Kim, Y.-C., & Yi, S. K. 2004, ApJS, 155, 667
33. Doménech-Moral, M., Martínez-Serrano, F. J., Domínguez-Tenreiro, R., & Serna, A. 2012, MNRAS, 421, 2510
34. Edvardsson, B., Andersen, J., Gustafsson, B. et al., 1993, A&A, 275, 101
35. Eggen, O. J., Lynden-Bell, D., & Sandage, A. R. 1962, ApJ, 136, 748
36. Epstein, C. R., Johnson, J. A., Dong, S. et al., 2010, ApJ, 709, 447
37. Feltzing, S., & Gilmore, G. 2000, A&A, 355, 949
38. Fuhrmann, K. 2008, MNRAS, 384, 173
39. Fulbright, J. P., McWilliam, A., & Rich, R. M. 2006, ApJ, 636, 821
40. Fulbright, J. P., McWilliam, A., & Rich, R. M. 2007, ApJ, 661, 1152
41. Gilmore, G., Randich, S., Asplund, M. et al., 2012, The Messenger, 147, 25
42. Gonzalez, O. A., Rejkuba, M., Zoccali, M. et al., 2011, A&A, 530, A54
43. Green, E. M., Demarque, P., & King, C. R. 1987, The revised Yale isochrones and luminosity functions
44. Grieco, V., Matteucci, F., Pipino, A., & Cescutti, G. 2012, A&A, 548, A60
45. Groenewegen, M. A. T., & Blommaert, J. A. D. L. 2005, A&A, 443, 143
46. Gustafsson, B., Bell, R. A., Eriksson, K., & Nordlund, A. 1975, A&A, 42, 407
47. Hill, V., Lecureur, A., Gómez, A. et al., 2011, A&A, 534, A80
48. Holtzman, J. A., Light, R. M., Baum, W. A. et al., 1993, AJ, 106, 1826
49. Howard, C. D., Rich, R. M., Clarkson, W. et al., 2009, ApJ, 702, L153
50. Johnson, J. A., Gal-Yam, A., Leonard, D. C. et al., 2007, ApJ, 655, L33
51. Johnson, J. A., Gaudi, B. S., Sumi, T., Bond, I. A., & Gould, A. 2008, ApJ, 685, 508
52. Kervella, P., Thévenin, F., Di Folco, E., & Ségransan, D. 2004, A&A, 426, 297
53. Kobayashi, C., & Nakasato, N. 2011, ApJ, 729, 16
54. Kormendy, J., & Kennicutt, R. C. 2004, ARA&A, 42, 603
55. Kraft, R. P., Sneden, C., Langer, G. E., & Prosser, C. F. 1992, AJ, 104, 645
56. Kunder, A., Koch, A., Rich, R. M. et al., 2012, AJ, 143, 57
57. Lebzelter, T., Heiter, U., Abia, C. et al., 2012, A&A, 547, A108
58. Lejeune, T., Cuisinier, F., & Buser, R. 1998, A&AS, 130, 65
59. Lind, K., Bergemann, M., & Asplund, M. 2012, MNRAS, 427, 50
60. Matteucci, F., & Brocato, E. 1990, ApJ, 365, 539
61. Matteucci, F., & Francois, P. 1989, MNRAS, 239, 885
62. McWilliam, A., & Rich, R. M. 1994, ApJS, 91, 749
63. McWilliam, A., & Zoccali, M. 2010, ApJ, 724, 1491
64. Meléndez, J., Asplund, M., Alves-Brito, A. et al., 2008, A&A, 484, L21
65. Nataf, D. M., & Gould, A. P. 2012, ApJ, 751, L39
66. Nataf, D. M., Udalski, A., Gould, A., & Pinsonneault, M. H. 2011, ApJ, 730, 118
67. Nataf, D. M., Gould, A., Fouqué, P., et al. 2012, ApJ, submitted [arXiv:1208.1263]
68. Ness, M., Freeman, K., Athanassoula, E. et al., 2012, ApJ, 756, 22
69. Nissen, P. E., & Schuster, W. J. 2010, A&A, 511, L10
70. Noguchi, M. 1999, ApJ, 514, 77
71. Ortolani, S., Renzini, A., Gilmozzi, R. et al., 1995, Nature, 377, 701
72. Pasquini, L., Avila, G., Blecha, A. et al., 2002, The Messenger, 110, 1
73. Prugniel, P., Maubon, G., & Simien, F. 2001, A&A, 366, 68
74. Rahimi, A., Kawata, D., Brook, C. B., & Gibson, B. K. 2010, MNRAS, 401, 1826
75. Ramírez, S. V., Stephens, A. W., Frogel, J. A., & DePoy, D. L. 2000, AJ, 120, 833
76. Reddy, B. E., Lambert, D. L., & Allen de Prieto, C. 2006, MNRAS, 367, 1329
77. Rich, R. M. 1988, AJ, 95, 828
78. Rich, R. M., Reitzel, D. B., Howard, C. D., & Zhao, H. 2007, ApJ, 658, L29
79. Rich, R. M., Origlia, L., & Valenti, E. 2012, ApJ, 746, 59
80. Saito, R., Hempel, M., Alonso-García, J. et al., 2010, The Messenger, 141, 24
81. Saito, R. K., Zoccali, M., McWilliam, A. et al., 2011, AJ, 142, 76
82. Saito, R. K., Minniti, D., Dias, B. et al., 2012, A&A, 544, A147
83. Sánchez-Blázquez, P., Ocvirk, P., Gibson, B. K., Pérez, I., & Peletier, R. F. 2011, MNRAS, 415, 709
84. Scannapieco, C., White, S. D. M., Springel, V., & Tissera, P. B. 2011, MNRAS, 417, 154
85. Shen, J., Rich, R. M., Kormendy, J. et al., 2010, ApJ, 720, L72
86. Stanek, K. Z., Mateo, M., Udalski, A. et al., 1994, ApJ, 429, L73
87. Sumi, T., Eyer, L., & Woźniak, P. R. 2003, MNRAS, 340, 1346
88. Sumi, T., Kamiya, K., Bennett, D. P. et al., 2011, Nature, 473, 349
89. Thévenin, F., & Idiart, T. P. 1999, ApJ, 521, 753
90. Tsujimoto, T., & Bekki, K. 2012, ApJ, 747, 125
91. Tumlinson, J. 2010, ApJ, 708, 1398
92. Udalski, A. 2003, Acta Astron., 53, 291
93. Udalski, A., Szymanski, M., Kaluzny, J. et al., 1994, Acta Astron., 44, 227
94. Uttenthaler, S., Hron, J., Lebzelter, T. et al., 2007, A&A, 463, 251
95. Uttenthaler, S., Schultheis, M., Nataf, D. M. et al., 2012, A&A, 546, A57
96. Valenti, J. A., & Piskunov, N. 1996, A&AS, 118, 595
97. van Loon, J. T., Gilmore, G. F., Omont, A. et al., 2003, MNRAS, 338, 857
98. Vogt, S. S., Allen, S. L., Bigelow, B. C., et al. 1994, in SPIE Conf. Ser. 2198, eds. D. L. Crawford, & E. R. Craine, 362
99. Wagner, R. M., Dong, S., Bensby, T. et al., 2012, ATel, 4157, 1
100. Weiland, J. L., Arendt, R. G., Berriman, G. B. et al., 1994, ApJ, 425, L81
101. Wyse, R. F. G., & Gilmore, G. 1992, AJ, 104, 144
102. Yi, S., Demarque, P., Kim, Y. et al., 2001, ApJS, 136, 417
103. Yi, S. K., Kim, Y.-C., & Demarque, P. 2003, ApJS, 144, 259
104. Yoo, J., DePoy, D. L., Gal-Yam, A. et al., 2004, ApJ, 603, 139
105. Zoccali, M., Renzini, A., Ortolani, S. et al., 2003, A&A, 399, 931
106. Zoccali, M., Hill, V., Lecureur, A. et al., 2008, A&A, 486, 177